Variation in immune response gene causes age-related macular degeneration when triggered
...lymorphisms that weaken the ability of Factor H to inhibit the immune response known as the alternative complement cascade - thus making them more susceptible to inflammation and the disease. While it would seem that "anti-inflammatory" drugs could mitigate the inflammatory onslaught, the researchers say mo...USC researchers determine mechanism of action of chemotherapy drug
...und-zinc in the cells. The zinc, in turn, acted to inhibit an enzyme-thioredoxin reductase-that is an important component in the cell's antioxidant system, as well as important in DNA synthesis. In other words, thioredoxin reductase is key to the replication and survival of cells, and its inhibition ultimate...Researchers induce heart cells to proliferate
...simulated heart attacks to see whether agents that inhibit p38 would improve heart function and induce heart regeneration with reduced scar formation. Keating believes this approach, if successful, would prove more practical than stem-cell therapy, which would involve implanting whole cardiomyocytes. "Fr...Fundamental genes regulate human blood stem cells
...ndependently to enhance cell-cycle progression and inhibit cell death specifically in HSCs. The role of one gene, HES-1, ties in with previous research pointing to the importance of the cell-cycle-associated Notch signaling pathway. The second gene, HLF, is a DNA-binding transcription factor involved in prev...Unexpected lock and key mechanism found for the assembly of tumor blood vessels
...tegrin as the lock and VCAM as the key. Drugs that inhibit either the integrin or the VCAM molecule prevented intact blood vessels from forming. "When the integrin meets with VCAM, both cell types receive survival signals at this active stage of blood vessel development, which occurs mainly in tumors in adul...Study shows how retinoic acid enters a cell's nucleus
...d switching genes on and off. In this role, RA can inhibit tumor growth. In fact, past clinical trials have shown that RA can help treat leukemia, head, neck and breast cancer. RA and its synthetic derivatives may also be useful in treatment of diabetes, arteriosclerosis and emphysema. Unfortunately, conven...JCI table of contents May 2, 2005
...storation did not affect the ability of insulin to inhibit liver glucose production, suggesting that the indirect effects of insulin on the liver determine hepatic glucose production in mice. A companion paper by members of the same group supports the claim by showing that downregulation of liver insulin rec...New frontiers in molecular bioscience topic of UD symposium
...erstanding how drought conditions and saline soils inhibit plant growth, and whether or not plants can recover from this stress and resume growth. His studies of water stress in marine plants such as the large-celled alga Chara corallina have been applied to corn and other important agronomic crops. A proli...Scientists reveal how disease bacterium survives inside immune system cell
...dy has given us a global model of how bacteria can inhibit neutrophil apoptosis," says Dr. DeLeo. "Our next step is to look at specific human genes or gene pathways within this model and try to determine which of these molecules help prolong cell life following infection." Information gathered from these and...Scientists take aim at virulent bacteria by decoding machinery of key control enzyme
...is information we can potentially design a drug to inhibit this particular enzyme's chemical reaction or its DNA binding process. This kind of rationally designed drug could be an alternative against infections that are resistant to current antibiotics. And because humans don't have Dam methylation, this k...Employing ecology to predict and manage emerging infectious diseases
...nding of the ecological conditions that promote or inhibit disease. One of the three conference organizers, D...istine. These environmental changes can enhance or inhibit the development of certain diseases. The conference also explored how ecological methods and perspe...Scientists inhibit cancer gene
...tute at the University of Utah discovered a way to inhibit a mutant gene found in up to 30 percent of human t...well as thyroid cancer and leukemia. Attempts to inhibit activated Ras have had limited success until now, but the Huntsman Cancer Institute researchers expl...Tamoxifen-like drug suggests new ways to selectively block estrogen
...strogen antagonist. As a consequence, GW 5638 can inhibit the growth of breast cancers that have become resistant to tamoxifen. It may also be more effective than tamoxifen at preventing cancer in women at high risk. Equally important was learning how the very slight difference between tamoxifen and GW5638...JCI table of contents June 1, 2005
... diseases, but it is not clear whether these drugs inhibit disease progression. New strategies targeting cartilage and bone formation are likely to be required to control the disease. In a study appearing online on May 12 in advance of the print publication of the June issue of the Journal of Clinical Inves...Man, chimp difference may have made us prone to cancer
...reach maturity. But mutations in these genes could inhibit apoptosis in some sperm cells, allowing more sperm to reach maturity, reproduce again and ensure that future cells will carry the gene that defuses early self-destruction. Unfortunately, this same machinery also allows cancer cells to live on. The r...Tips from the Journals of the American Society for Microbiology
...ce. Pseudomonas fluorescens, a bacterium shown to inhibit E. coli O157:H7 when tested in vitro, was identified in soil found on the lettuce roots. "In conclusion, transmission of E. coli O157:H7 from manure to lettuce was not observed when seedlings were transplanted into soil fertilized with manure inocula...Counting cells in blood samples may predict cancer treatment's effectiveness
...new anti-angiogenesis drugs, which are designed to inhibit the growth of blood vessels that feed tumors. Angiogenesis, the natural process of blood vessel formation, is believed to contribute to the growth and development of cancer cells. In this multicenter trial, researchers took blood samples from 88 peop...Disabling gene defuses rheumatoid arthritis in mice
...poptosis. They will also be looking for drugs that inhibit Foxo3a and testing them in the mice as potential anti-arthritis drugs....Ancient immune defense mechanism is no match for HIV-1
...m has been artificially manipulated to selectively inhibit specific genes in mammalian cells, it was not known whether mammalian viruses naturally elicit this type of immunity in vertebrate cells. Drs. Yamina Bennasser and Kuan-Teh Jeang from the Molecular Virology Section at the National Institute of Allerg...To stop evolution: New way of fighting antibiotic resistance demonstrated by Scripps scientists
...tibiotics ciprofloxacin and rifampicin. "If you inhibit this pathway, the bacteria cannot evolve," says Scripps Research Assistant Professor Floyd Romesberg, Ph.D., who led the study. Since the evolution of resistance is under the control of LexA, compounds that block the protein might prolong the po...