JCI table of contents March 1, 2005
...n cannot be treated satisfactorily. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors are the treatment of choice for these pain forms and work non-specifically by blocking the production of proteins called prostaglandins. Because these drugs are associated with severe side effects, there is a need for new therapeutic targets that co...Epilepsy and depression - A two-way street?
...class of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (which include Zoloft, Paxil and Prozac) have proved safe in patients with epilepsy....Genome of deadly amoeba shows surprising complexity, evidence of lateral gene transfer
...om human enzymes, making them potential targets of inhibitors that could form the basis of new drug therapies," says TIGR President Claire M. Fraser, who supervised the Institute's role in the project. E. histolytica is a voracious predator of bacteria and shares a close relationship in the human gut with ...Elusive HIV shape change revealed; Key clue to how virus infects cells
...pe change," says Harrison. He notes that some HIV inhibitors already in development seem to inhibit the shape change; the new findings may help pin down how these compounds work and hasten their development into drugs. "The findings also will help us understand why it's so hard to make an HIV vaccine, and wil...Study examines role of EGFR gene mutations in lung cancer development
...essa) or erlotinib (Tarceva), tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitors that target EGFR. Recent studies have found that EGFR gene mutations are more common among females, patients from Japan, never smokers, and patients with adenocarcinomas, which are the same groups that have the highest response rates to TK inhibitors...TAT2005 - 3rd International Symposium on Targeted Anticancer Therapies
...ently approved targeted agents, including the EGFR inhibitors gefitinib (Iressa) and erlotinib (Tarceva) (Professor Giuseppe Giaccone, Amsterdam; Thursday, March 3, 15:50-16:20 hours) and cetuximab (Erbitux) (Professor Jos Baselga, Barcelona; Thursday, March 3, 16:20-16:45 hours) and the anti-angiogenic agent, ...Eating oily fish may reduce inflammation
...suggest that inhibition of vascular COX-2 by these inhibitors might block the synthesis of resolvin E1, which would eliminate an important anti-inflammatory pathway. The experiment to prove this idea, however, has yet to be done....JCI table of contents, April 1, 2005
...on of obesity in mice by antisense oligonucleotide inhibitors of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 AUTHOR CONTACT:Bei Zhang Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ USA Phone: (732) 594-1926; Fax: (732) 594-3750; E-mail: bei_zhang@merck.com View the PDF of this article at: https://www.the-jci.org/pr...New class of tuberculosis-fighting antibiotics suggested by biochemical-pathway study
...ncludes. Next steps include more investigations on inhibitors of the NADH biochemical pathway in TB, and the dev...f high-throughput screens to find better and safer inhibitors of type II NADH dehydrogenase....Researchers report new pro-inflammatory role for anti-inflammatory enzyme
...Pharmaceutical companies have been developing iNOS inhibitors to treat sepsis," explains Dr. Hobbs. "However, it now appears as if these are ineffective in reducing the mortality associated with the disease. The identification of a pro-inflammatory role for eNOS-derived NO may provide the stimulus for further r...New drug shows promise as powerful anticancer agent
...easonable approach to cancer therapy is to develop inhibitors that block the function of a critical molecule that is required by a tumor cell to complete cell division," explains lead author Dr. E. Premkumar Reddy from Temple University School of Medicine. "One such molecule appears to be Plk1." Dr. Reddy and c...Tumor individuality useful for guiding rational chemotherapeutic decisions
...e that combinatorial chemotherapy using proteosome inhibitors to enhance chemosensitivity to paclitaxel in tumors where the H-ras/MAPK pathway is activated may be therapeutically beneficial. These results suggest that a clear understanding of mechanisms underlying chemotherapeutic action and detailed knowledge ...Consortium to create comprehensive tools for uncovering the functions of human, mouse genes
...nsortium to create a comprehensive library of gene inhibitors to be made available to the entire scientific community. Based on the method of RNA interference (RNAi), this library will give scientists worldwide the tools to knock down expression of virtually all human and mouse genes, accelerating the growth o...Desert plant may help treat insidious tropical diseases
...acts from these related plants were among the best inhibitors of parasite growth while showing lesser effects on the kidney cells. While there are several forms of leishmaniasis, the most common forms affect the surface of the skin (cutaneous leishmaniasis) or the internal organs (visceral leishmaniasis). Cutan...Scientists discover that host cell lipids facilitate bacterial movement
...indings may also open the door to using PI3-kinase inhibitors or other agents that lower PIP2 and PIP3 levels to slow the spread of Listeria and control infection in patients who are not responding to antibiotics, although that application is a long way off, says Dr. Southwick....Key target for Foot and Mouth drug revealed
...mals to bring the epidemic under control. Protease inhibitors were developed against HIV in the 1980s and 1990s, the first going on sale in 1996. However, interactions between the drugs and the HIV virus have given rise to drug-resistant strains, reducing the treatment's effectiveness. Although the same strateg...Two-part blood pressure control suggests new approach to hypertension therapy
...I so-called angiotensin receptor blockers and ACE inhibitors effectively treat patients with hypertension. Howe...imal efficacy of hypertension drugs, including ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, requires complete blockade of receptors in both the kidney and ou...Estrogen, SERMS reduce asthma impact by halting constriction
...he MCG Vascular Biology Center. Estrogen receptor inhibitors abolish protective effect To confirm that the dra...ing their pharmacologic effects. Estrogen receptor inhibitors abolished the protective effect of estrogen. In the experiments, researchers removed airways from a...PNAS highlights for the week of April 4 - 8
...ty. These deficits were prevented by administering inhibitors of serotonin synthesis shortly after birth, suggesting that the deficits are due to abnormally high levels of serotonin in the brain during development. The results illustrate the importance of serotonin in the developing brain and imply that distur...Scientists to meet in Dallas for conference on cytochromes P450
...eractions with other proteins and membranes, their inhibitors and substrates, their receptors and regulation, and bioinformatics relating to P450s. There will also be a Continuing Medical Education program for physicians in the Dallas area as well as two computer workshops. "We hope that each area that is pres...