JCI table of contents, March 23, 2006
...er from increased blood sugar (glucose) levels and insulin resistance, similar to humans with diabetes. By me... tissue types suggest that loss of FXR can mediate insulin resistance, an increasingly common metabolic disorder in developed countries in which the body fails...Efforts to replicate controversial diabetes therapy bring partial success
...found in the pancreatic islets. As the islets die, insulin production ceases and blood sugar levels rise, dam... for green fluorescent protein (GFP) driven by the insulin promoter. So if any of these spleen cells begin to produce insulin, they would glow bright green, m...Infused spleen cells found not to impact islet recovery and reversal of type 1 diabetes in mice
...ing from donor spleen cells were the source of the insulin responsible for the reversal of diabetes. Rather, even though severely diabetic, the host mice kept a substantial number of residual beta cells, and the recovered islets were all of host, rather than donor spleen cell, origin. "Given recent reports ...Diabetes research yielding breakthrough success
Freedom from insulin injections and the myriad of health problems relat... which requires patients to receive multiple daily insulin injections in order to survive. "This is very encouraging news for people with type 1 diabetes who l...Fat rats reveal why short-term overeating can lead to obesity and diabetes
...ffered from a common metabolic impairment known as insulin resistance, in which the body is unable to respond...that this animal model of diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance displayed defective adaptation to an increase in fat availability coupled with a severe i...JCI table of contents, March 9, 2006
...ffered from a common metabolic impairment known as insulin resistance, in which the body is unable to respond...that this animal model of diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance displayed defective adaptation to an increase in fat availability coupled with a severe i...For the first time: Longevity modulated without disrupting life-sustaining function
... the insulin/IGF-1 pathway since it is prompted by insulin and the closely related insulin-like growth factor...sulin-like signal. "If you were to interfere with insulin signaling in humans in order to prolong life, you would induce diabetes right away," cautioned gradu...Joslin researchers reveal mechanisms behind a class of oral agents used to treat type 2 diabetes
...lucose levels in people with diabetes by improving insulin action in the body. While it is known that these drugs work primarily by binding to a receptor in the nucleus of cells called Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor-gamma (PPARg), all of the molecular signaling events important for the drugs to ...New target for obesity and related metabolic disorders
...ary evidence for improvements on lipid profile and insulin sensitivity." Further study found that PSN632408 and the prescribed weight-loss agent sibutramine similarly reduced food intake and weight gain in normal rats on a high-fat diet. "Most of our studies suggest this prototypical compound might lead to r...Joslin study provides physiological evidence that insulin is critical for blood vessel formation
...otential explanation." The researchers showed that insulin is the source of the signal the heart cells need to increase VEGF production. "We found that when insulin in the bloodstream binds with the insulin receptors on the outer membranes of heart cells, it activa...New journal article urges use of animal serum-free media for growing live cells
...development of the world's first animal serum-free insulin assay. In addition to humane concerns, the article emphasizes the scientific advantages of serum-free cell culture. Growing cells without animal serum ensures that fewer variables are introduced into experiments, meaning that results are easily repro...Researcher tackles complexities of obesity, diabetes and their age-related complications
...cerides and to prevent or delay the progression of insulin resistance toward diabetes. Monkeys whose food intake was maintained in amounts to assure a constant healthy body weight were not only healthier; on the average they lived longer than their counterparts who ate as much as they wanted. "Our studies ha...JCI table of contents, February 16, 2006
...hp?id=27009 ENDOCRINOLOGY Outfoxing diabetes and insulin resistance Diabetes is a disease caused by the inability of the body to produce or respond to insulin (insulin resistance), and the main cells that fail in this disease are insulin-producing cells of th......thors show that flies lacking miR-278 have reduced insulin sensitivity, elevated circulating blood glucose le...rmined that miR-278 functions normally to regulate insulin sensitivity through modulation of the expanded transcript. Dr. Cohen notes that "In view of the lar...Wisconsin scientists find a way to make human collagen in the lab
..., for example, quickly alert a diabetic to falling insulin levels. Similarly, equipped with molecules to recognize specific pathogens, such a sensor could stand perpetual guard in the body and provide instant warning of invading viruses or bacteria. "We can have total control of what goes on these very thin ...Inflammatory reaction drives hormone resistance in cancer, study suggests
...anism whereby macrophages in fat cells may lead to insulin resistance, Rose said. Macrophages also have clear roles in atherosclerosis, they added. The unexpected findings also led the group to a perplexing question. "What is the evolutionary reason for this physiological mechanism?" Rose asked. "It certainl...Removing DNA repair gene causes metabolic syndrome
... Sciences, also had enlarged, fatty yellow livers, insulin levels four times higher than normal, elevated lev...including obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol, insulin resistance and kidney disease. "So if there are catalytically compromised forms of NEIL1 within the ...Older adults may reduce risk of metabolic syndrome by eating more whole grains
...s in elderly individuals, who are prone to greater insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance." McKeown and Jacques found that, indeed, as whole-grain intake increased, fasting blood sugar levels were lower in these subjects. Refined grain intake, on the other hand, was associated with higher fasting ...JCI table of contents, February 1, 2006
...l of Medicine in Tennessee report that infusion of insulin directly into the livers of overnight-fasted dogs ...inhibits HGP. This inhibition was more potent than insulin infusion into the brain, where an important region known as the hypothalamus regulates metabolism. T...Three neuronal growth factors may be key to understanding alcohol's effects
...t fly Drosophila melanogaster demonstrate that the insulin pathway controls sensitivity to the intoxicating effects of alcohol. "The insulin pathway has a crucial role in regulating sugar levels in the blood," said Patricia Janak, assistant ...