Features of replication suggest viruses have common themes, vulnerabilities
...ouse virus co-opts a cell's membranes to create an intracellular lair where it can safely replicate its genes. Th...irus, the Wisconsin group found, the virus co-opts intracellular membranes of mitochondria, critical energy-regulating structures found in most eukaryotic cells. ...New, more direct pathways from outside the cell-to-cell nuclei discovered
...ecomes trapped inside the resulting membrane-bound intracellular compartment, which is known as an endosome or phagosome. It was also already known that material can migrate out of an endosome or phagosome and eventually enter the cell nucleus. But the Brooklyn College team has discovered that a phagosome and it...Penn researchers discover how key protein stops inflammation
...t, through ubiquintination. Ubiquitination is an intracellular system of checks and balances, where cellular proteins are flagged for disposal. During exposure to infection, Bcl-3 appears to overrule the p50 ubiquitination, stabilizing the presence of p50 on DNA and halting inflammation. Our study identifies a...ASBMB taps 8 scientists and 1 politician for top awards
... of scaffold proteins has transformed the field of intracellular signaling. He has also been an exemplary trainer of graduate students and postdoctoral fellows who have gone on to make their own contributions to the field of signal transduction. Michael F. Summers (University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Ba...Einstein researchers' prototype vaccine could provide improved protection against tuberculosis
...de often triggered when microbes invade cells. For intracellular TB bacteria, avoiding apoptosis is an understandable aim: Apoptosis flushes them into the open, activating immune cells known as CD8+ T cells. These T cells make important contributions to the immune response by mopping up the bacteria and then becom...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...he vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) packs intracellular vesicles with dopamine for the obvious purpose of neurotransmission. However, this cytosolic scavenging also potentially serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of monoamines. In fact, VMAT is a member of the toxin-extruding antiporter gene fa......battle against Ras-induced cancers. Ras is a key intracellular messenger protein that directs, among other things, cell growth and proliferation. Over-expression of the Ras oncogene, or of its growth-promoting pathway, is an integral step in the development of a number of human cancers, particularly pancreatic a...JCI Table of Contents -- July 2, 2007
...eat goes on In the normal heart, the cycling of intracellular calcium in cardiac muscle cells is critical to the hearts mechanical contraction and relaxation. Mutations in calcium-handling proteins in the heart have been linked to exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. The best characterized of these have been ...Bright future for nano-sized light source
...e our fundamental understanding of cell functions, intracellular physiological processes, and cellular signal pathways. Yang and Liphardt caution that the nanowire light source technology is at a very early stage of development. Liphardt compares it to where atomic force microscopy was some 10 years ago. He also...Nanoparticles carry chemotherapy drug deeper into solid tumors
...age of cells that were reached by the drug and the intracellular levels that were attained, the authors write. In an accompanying editorial, Matthew Dreher, Ph.D., of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Md., and Ashutosh Chilkoti, Ph.D., of Duke University in Durham, N.C., discuss the future of drug ...Potent possibilities for parasite attack
...ors are conserved between bacterial and eukaryotic intracellular pathogens," said Jeremy Mottram, a collaborator on the project who is a Professor in the Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology at the University of Glasgow. Some families of genes that determine the properties of the parasite cell surface have...Cytokine resistance contributes to pathology of type 2 diabetes
... a target cell, it sets off one of two cascades of intracellular events. The first of these signal transduction p...lin. One of the actions of diabetes is to create intracellular insulin resistance, Freund said. Some of the cytokines that work on cells share the same pathways as...Staphylococcus aureus hides out in cells
...S. aureus has not traditionally been considered an intracellular pathogen, but the molecular details that govern it...he first episode was apparently cured. S. aureus intracellular survival appears related to its capability to adopt a discrete behaviour instead of actively duplica...A possible mechanistic link between stress and the development of Alzheimer tangles
... whichin its unmodified formhelps to stabilize the intracellular network of microtubules. In Alzheimer's disease, as well as various other neurodegenerative conditions, phosphate groups are attached to tau. As a result, tau looses its grip on the microtubules, and starts to collapse into insoluble protein fibers, ...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...of the somatosensory cortex. The authors next made intracellular recordings from neurons in each layer of the S1 somatosensory cortex. Compared with neurons in the upper layers, layer 5/6 neurons were consistently more depolarized and fired spontaneously between seizures. Their activity during seizures preceded fi...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
... the molecule that makes up this mitogen-dependent intracellular timer. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57 Kip2 was transiently upregulated right after oligodendrocytes differentiated. In a population of cells derived from a single proliferating OPC, p57 Kip2 expression rose uniformly in successive genera...Cellular message movement captured on video
Scientists have captured on video the intracellular version of a postal delivery service. Reporting in the journal Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (BBRC), bioengineering researchers at UC San Diego published videos of a key message-carrying protein called paxillin moving abruptly f...Story ideas from the Journal of Biological Chemistry
...with SOD1 and identified a protein involved in the intracellular transport of molecules in neurons. Previous studies had shown that such transport processes were slowed down in ALS patients and related animal models, but how such deficiency was connected with defective SOD1 has remained unknown. The new results sh...Immune antibodies penetrate neurons to clear Alzheimer's-linked amyloid
...ween cells." In fact, the antibodies cut down on intracellular amyloid accumulation by about one-third, the resea...ts have long understood that antibodies can affect intracellular processes, but it's been woefully underappreciated in medicine," Dr. Gouras says. "Hopefully this wi...Studies assess effectiveness of serotonin and nerve stimulants on irritable bowel syndromes
...ion of the cells with odorants caused elevation of intracellular Ca2+, followed by serotonin release up to 10-fold that of the controls. Odorants like thymol (thyme), eugenol (cloves), bourgeonal (floral, lily-of-the-valley), helional (brown algae) and substances present in roses, bananas or raspberries, specific...