Carnegie Mellon scientists find key HIV protein makes cell membranes bend more easily
... a molecule called gp120 initially helps the virus lock onto its host T cell, a cell critical for maintaining immunity. Another protein gp41 then enables HIV to penetrate a T-cell membrane. Fusion takes place specifically through a short stretch of gp41 called fusion peptide 23, or FP-23 for short. Prio...Interim analysis of anti-cancer vaccine, BiovaxID, to be conducted
...inical Trial. Further, the DMC has requested data lock to occur in September 2007 to facilitate this inte... Trial patients will be 7 years mature at the data lock scheduled for September of this year. We believe that our robust and lengthy follow-up data, which ...Mechanism of microRNAs deciphered
...ossible to directly examine how and when microRNAs lock up messenger RNAs," says Matthias Hentze, Associate Director of EMBL, "because until now all we could look at were messenger RNAs that had already been locked-up within cells. To investigate the locking process itself, we developed a test tube system...Alien plants attack using 'resource conservation' as weapon, researchers say
...rces-for example, by mixing sugar into the soil to lock up nutrients or by blocking sunlight with tarps. But these experiments had relatively limited success. "Our results can maybe explain why that method didn't work for all the invasive species," Funk said. Current techniques for fighting invasive spe...Will lemmings fall off climate change cliff?
...d deprive them of the snow they need for homes and lock up their food in ice, according to the Wildlife Conservation Society, which is launching a study to examine how these tiny but important players in the ecological health of the far North will fare in the age of global warming. "We need to know how...Technology reveals 'lock and key' proteins behind diseases
... iMYTH, they will stain the yeast cell blue. "Like lock and key, if two proteins interact with one another, it is safe to assume they participate or regulate the same cellular process," explains Stagljar. "Identifying new interactors for ABC transporters may reveal unanticipated aspects of how these trans...3.2 billion-year-old surprise: Earth had strong magnetic field
...nd quartznano-meter sized magnetic inclusions that lock in a record of the Earths magnetic field as they cool from molten magma to hard rock. Simply finding rocks of this age is difficult enough, but these rocks have also witnessed billions of years of geological activity that could have reheated them and...Researchers identify key protein in immune response to malaria and TB
...set of sensors called 'toll-like receptors' (TLRs) lock onto the intruder. TLRs relay the detection via Mal, which wakes up the immune system to mobilise and defend us." However, working with patients in Kenya, the Gambia, Vietnam and the UK, Professor Hill and his team showed that there are two common ...UCLA study uncovers clues for why Graves' disease attacks the eyes
...st latch to a specific receptor like a key into a lock -- in order to elicit a cellular response. The receptors mobbed the patients immune systems, even on T-cells that normally would not produce them. "We didnt know why GD patients cells created a new antibody, but had a hunch that that it sprang f...Protein identified that regulates effectiveness of Taxol chemotherapy in breast cancer
... must be flexible if a cell is to divide. Taxanes lock these structures into place, not allowing them to change when the cell begins to divide - which is necessary for tumor growth. Research has also indicated that the drugs induce programmed cell death (apoptosis) in cancer cells by inactivating an "apo...Biologically inspired sensors can augment sonar, vision system in submarines
...eces to rotate out of the plane on tiny hinges and lock into place. Each sensor is integrated with metal-oxide-superconductor circuitry for on-chip signal processing, noise reduction and data acquisition. The largest array the researchers have built consists of 16 flow sensors with 1 millimeter spacing. E...Common ancestry of bacterium and plants could be key to an effective new treatment for chlamydia
...approach is somewhat like designing a key to fit a lock by opening the lock and looking inside. The research is being done in collaboration with Charles Gilvarg from Princeto......ches. The adhesion process is based on the key and lock principle: as a rule, an adhesion molecule only bonds with specific partners. This guarantees that the cells are only brought to a halt where they are to fulfill their biological function. These processes are of great relevance to medicine. For exa...Gene offers new lead in cleft lip and palate research
...to connect at least some of the dots and hopefully lock into a highly informative protein network that feeds into additional protein networks to form the palate, or roof of the mouth." According to Maas, their discovery also offers a prime example of the power of genomic research, the comparative study ...Structure determined for key molecular complex involved in long-term gene storage
...rage. And hazardous tools might even be kept under lock and key. Similarly, the human genome has developed a set of sophisticated mechanisms for keeping selected genes readily available for use while other genes are kept securely stored away for long periods of time, sometimes forever. Candidate genes fo...Remote control for human growth hormone gene expression
... hormone expression is as if you turn a key in the lock of a house at one end of your street and find that this action opens the lock and door of a house a block away," notes Liebhaber. By carefully analyzing the 14,000 base pairs s...... cell, the EPS, might help Shewanella seek out and lock up heavy metals. To pose that question, which remains open, they first had to prove that the same metal-reducing enzymes--proteins called c-type cytochromes--associated with uraninite formation in the outer membrane could also be found outside the ...Structure determined for p53 tumor suppressor protein as bound to DNA for anti-cancer activity
...nd DNA. "So we decided that we needed to somehow lock the protein into a conformation that's compatible with the dimer binding to DNA. We used a chemical trick in which we modified a DNA base to allow it to attach directly to a part of the protein's core domain. That allowed us to trap the form of the p......flipping over and inserting itself like a key in a lock in a perfectly shaped pocket on the surface of TUS...ntific question, but also because TUS was found to lock onto the DNA very strongly and in an entirely new way." "Strong interactions like this have great ...