Handicapping tuberculosis may be the way to a better vaccine
... to white blood cells called T lymphocytes. Each T lymphocyte specifically recognizes a different small piece of protein, known as a peptide. Upon encountering their specific peptide, T lymphocytes multiply and mount an attack against the pathogen. After the pathogen has been eliminated, most of the T lymphocy...Scientists discover role of enzyme in DNA repair
...repair enzymes corrected the damage. But because B lymphocyte cells are relatively scarce, Casellas and his colleagues chose to focus their investigation on a more abundant family of genes, known as ribosomal genes, as a substitute. They attached a green fluorescent protein to Polymerase I, a key component in t...How 'memory' T cells curb the spread of viruses throughout the body
... the skin, the lungs or the gut). This process of lymphocyte multiplication and migration may take several days while viruses multiply and spread quicker. Sigals work shows the CD8 T cells can protect from viral disease without the need to migrate from the lymph nodes to the site of viral entry. It was very...JCI table of contents -- April 5, 2007
...ng sarcoma gene EWS is essential for meiosis and B lymphocyte development AUTHOR CONTACT: Sean Bong Lee National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Phone: (301) 496-9739; Fax: (301) 480-0638; E-mail: seanL@intra.niddk.nih.gov . View the PDF of this article at: https://www.the-jci.org/article.p...Major gene study uncovers secrets of leukemia
...ely to directly contribute to this block in normal lymphocyte differentiation, according to Downing. These genes encode proteins called transcription factors, which orchestrate the expression of a large number of other genes involved in B cell development. Together these genes coordinate the complex changes nee...Rice breakthrough could prevent multiple fibrotic diseases
...K, had recentlyidentified the factor that promoted lymphocyte survival in the fibroticjoints of rheumatoid arthritis patients. However, Pilling was hoping toisolate novel biochemical factors associated with high cell densitysurvival, and Gomer suggested he come to Houston to test some techniquesthat had proven ...NIH Nanomedicine Center draws on NYU School of Medicine expertise
... At the same time, this process is essential for lymphocyte development, explains Dr. Roth. It helps these cells become a population of superheroes, their bodies studded with special equipment, namely receptor molecules able to recognize and attack millions of invading pathogens. The cells acquire these q...Researchers identify cells that make relapse inevitable in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
...e. Therefore, we can 'molecular fingerprint' each lymphocyte in order to know what the leukaemia 'looks' like. We found 'fingerprints', or clonal markers, that revealed the emergence or evolution of new clonal populations at the time of relapse in 13 patients. In eight of the samples, highly sensitive clone-...Environmental toxins may cause body's defenses to worsen lung disease
...ngs to identify and destroy diseased cells. If the lymphocyte recognizes the tissue, Borchers explains, it simply continues its survey for problems. But if the cell receives a signal that the tissue is infected, it will automatically destroy it to protect the body from disease. "The immune system thinks it's e...Researchers map out networks that determine cell fate
...ne expression, for example of both macrophage and lymphocyte genes. "It may be that these cells are stuck in a progenitor-like state," said Singh. "If you could induce them to resolve that state X to differentiate into one or the other cell type X they would cease to be tumorigenic."...JCI table of contents, May 18, 2006
...oire and the long-term preservation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. The concept that T cell deletion and inactivation is neither an inevitable nor permanent consequence of persistent viral infection that it is reversible and that its reversal leads to control of viral infection, should have important imp...Inefficient immune killer cells abet HIV infection
...esponse of another type of T cell--the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)--may be responsible for a large proportion of these deaths because CTLs recognize and kill infected cells. Based on this assumption, current HIV vaccine strategies are focusing on the CTL response. But it has proven difficult to study how much ...Biovest International submits amendment request to FDA for use of molecular remission data
... in the cancer cells in NHL, as few as 1 malignant lymphocyte in 100,000 normal cells can be detected in the blood using a molecular test known as polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The absence of detectable cancer cells in the blood, based on this sensitive test, is referred to as molecular remission. The prep...BiovaxID yields 89 percent survival in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkins
...H-R therapy, BiovaxID did induce anti-tumor T-cell lymphocyte responses in most patients. Depletion of normal B-cell lymphocytes is a consequence of the combination of chemotherapy and Rituxan, but not of BiovaxID therapy. Thus, "it is justifiable to administer vaccines in the setting of B-cell depletion, but v...Zinc supplements safe for HIV-infected children
...visit. In addition, HIV-1 RNA in plasma and CD4+ T lymphocyte cell counts were measured one month before the study, at the first study visit and three, six and nine months after the start of supplementation. The study authors found no increase in plasma HIV-1 viral load measurements in the children receiving zi...JCI table of contents: November 23 2005
...ew the immune response to EBV infection. Excessive lymphocyte proliferation contributes to the marked deviation in disease course and is symptomatic of IM. Overall, this demonstration of cross-reactivity involving 2 immunodominant epitopes from 2 of the most common human viruses highlights the potential importa...Reversal of role for a viral protein associated with the development of lymphoma
... They begin with the malignant transformation of a lymphocyte in the lymphatic system. The American Cancer Society estimates that 63,740 people in the U.S. will be newly diagnosed with lymphoma by the end of 2005. HHV8, originally linked to Kaposi's sarcoma the most common cancer among AIDS patients also is a...Cloning advance: Researchers demonstrate direct transfer of terminally differentiated cell nuclei
...ansfer from natural killer T (NKT) cells, a unique lymphocyte cell population. The cloned pups, as well as their placentas, possess the rearranged T cell receptor (TCR) genomic loci that are specific for NKT cells, positively demonstrating that the cloned animals and their placentas were derived from fully diff...JCI table of contents July 1, 2005
...ritis. Title: NF kappa B inducing kinase controls lymphocyte and osteoclast activities in inflammatory arthritis AUTHOR CONTACT: Deborah Novack Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA Phone: 314-454-8472; Fax: 314-454-5505; E-mail: novack@path.wustl.edu View the PDF of this article at: ...3-D study of immune cell interactions reveals details of an effective antibody response
...ymph nodes extracted from mice to investigate this lymphocyte rendezvous. After maturing in different organs o... a cognate antigen. Thanks to the T lymphocyteB lymphocyte dynamics outlined here, immunologists have new avenues for exploring these questions to further eluc...