Scientists identify molecular events that drive cell senescence
...IRA and ASF1a, the cells assembled SAHF and showed markers for senescence. If ASF1a was reduced, there was a profound decrease in the number of cells with macroH2A-containing SAHF. These data link changes in cell proliferation to alterations in chromatin structure. "Together, these observations show that ASF...Genome comparison of four campylobacter strains yields new genetic markers and clues to virulence
...el genes; Housekeeping genes that can be used as markers to help identify emerging species; Numerous variable polynucleotide repeats in one of the emerging species of Campylobacter; and Novel genes encoding or modifying carbohydrate surface structures. "The comparative genome sequences give scie...Other highlights in the January 5 JNCI
...are a challenge in disease management. Biochemical markers of bone metabolism may be able to provide valuable insight into the development of skeletal complications. In a new study, Pierre Major, M.D., of the Juravinski Cancer Centre in Hamilton, Ontario, and colleagues looked at bone markers--N-telopeptide ...University of Pittsburgh receives award to study new theory of breast cancer development
...s and surrounding tissue for cells expressing both markers associated with normal stem cells and breast cancer cells. They expect to find that early tumor stem cells will express drug-resistant pumps that can survive treatment while the majority of cancer cells, forming the mass of a tumor, will be destroyed...Reduced calorie and carbohydrate diet slows progression of Alzheimer's disease in mouse model
... found that mice did not develop the physiological markers of the disease when they were fed a reduced carbohydrate diet that provided 70% of the calories eaten by similar mice who were allowed to eat ad-libitum. The strain of mice used in the study was genetically engineered to produce what are known as amy...Protein adiponectin appears protective against heart disease
...emarkably, it also was a better predicter than our markers for inflammation and insulin resistance, as well as other factors." For the newest evaluation, participants were identified from the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study, a 10-year prospective follow-up study of childhood onset typ...Quantum dots research leads to new knowledge about protein binding in plants
...nt to photobleaching than conventional fluorescent markers and their small size make them ideal for biological imaging. The researchers then added the molecules to germinated lily pollen grains and examined them under a confocal microscope. This is the very first time that Quantum Dots have been utilized fo...UCLA researchers detail the evolution of quantum dot imaging in the journal Science
...mor marker. With qdots, however, several different markers of the same tumor could be simultaneously "painted," generating a color barcode for real-time "optical biopsy" and diagnosis. "Humans have close to 40,000 genes," Weiss said. "A large group of these genes operates at every moment, in every single cel...New neurons born in adult rat cortex
...mains controversial. The NIMH team used many more markers than previous studies to track newborn neurons as ... the type of neurotransmitters they secreted. The markers exploited antibody affinities for specific proteins to tag particular cell types with telltale color...Rats infected as newborns grew up vulnerable to memory problems during an immune challenge
... later, they euthenized the rats and checked brain markers of the immune response. Because it spurs an immune response without live bacteria, LPS helps to reveal how the immune system works on its own, without the complication of side effects. The team found that E. coli-infected pups later injected with LP...Columbia study suggests brushing your teeth may reduce risk of stroke and heart attack
...ascular disease, but they have relied on surrogate markers for periodontal disease, such as tooth loss or pocket depth. This is the first study to examine the microbiology of periodontal infection and positively connect it to atherosclerosis. "This is the most direct evidence yet that gum disease may lead t...Self-assembled nano-sized probes allow Penn researchers to see tumors through flesh and skin
...they can use these emissive polymersomes to target markers on the surface of a specific type of tumor cells. ...olymersomes to target multiple cancer cell-surface markers in the body simultaneously. Emissive polymersomes perform much like in vivo imaging systems that us...International HapMap consortium expands mapping effort
...pe map, or HapMap, which will consist of 1 million markers of genetic variation, called single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The consortium's new goal is to build an improved version of the HapMap that is about five times denser than the original plan. This "Phase II" HapMap will take advantage of the rap...Hypertension in African Americans linked to two genomic regions
...earchers looked at the distribution of 269 genetic markers across the genome in each of the three groups. Com...to high blood pressure in African Americans. Other markers close by on the same chromosomes also had a strong association with high blood pressure, indicating ...Other highlights in the February 16 JNCI
...e whether DNA methylation changes might be used as markers of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cervical cancer, Nancy B. Kiviat, M.D., of the University of Washington in Seattle, and colleagues studied these changes in 20 genes in cervical cell samples from Sengalese women with increasin...New DNA studies verify existence of three right whale species
...o complement one another, found that both kinds of markers support the listing of the North Pacific right wha..., adding to number of diagnostic mitochondrial DNA markers already reported by previous studies. For the North Pacific right whale, a total of 14 diagnostic ma...Map of human genetic variation across populations may promise improved disease treatments
...ching your destination. Similarly, because genetic markers are not randomly associated, learning about a subset of them can help researchers find associations with disease-related genes." "Bins" of Genetic Variation During World War II, cryptographers could take seemingly random jumbles of numbers and conv...A more accurate screening test for prostate cancer?
...am at Children's is also actively studying urinary markers for other cancers. In a small pilot study, Dr. Ma...an early marker of breast cancer. Another group of markers will soon enter formal clinical trials in adults with prostate, breast, bladder, lung, and colon can...Recent breakthroughs in common adult leukemia highlighted in New England Journal of Medicine
...a require revision. With new molecular and protein markers now identified, patients with features that porten...," said Dr. Chiorazzi. "Once these new prognostic markers are clinically available to doctors, and after large-scale trials testing early intervention are com......findings also could ultimately lead to distinctive markers of early Alzheimer's disease that could be used in early diagnostic tests for the disorder, they said. The research team led by Lawrence S. B. Goldstein, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD)...