Is Interleukin-6 the 'holy grail' of exercise mediation?
...hed for a muscle-contraction-induced factor, which mediates some of the exercise effects in other tissues and organs such as the liver and adipose tissue. In their quest for this magic trigger, or class of effectors, it's been referred to as the "work stimulus," "work factor" or the "exercise factor." Bente K...Yerkes researchers to present array of new data at Society for Neuroscience Meeting
...a key structure in the brain's reward pathway that mediates cocaine addiction. The data will help researchers further understand the neurochemical changes that underlie addiction and drug abuse. (2 pm 3 pm) Dr. Young and his research team: examined the potential genetic mechanisms underlying individual d...JCI table of contents, November 15 2004
...ing high lipid levels in diabetes TITLE: Foxo1 mediates insulin action on apoC-III and triglyceride metabolism. AUTHOR CONTACT:Hengjian Henry Dong Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Phone: 412-692-6577; Fax: 412-692-5809; ...DNA movement linked to formation of antibody genes
...ructure of the Hermes transposase (the enzyme that mediates Hermes element transposition) with the RAG1 recombinase (the enzyme that mediates V(D)J recombination) and the transposases of some retroviruses shows clear similarities between thes......ulin release in response to glucose. TITLE: Rab27a mediates the tight docking of insulin granules onto the pla...m its friends, RANKL drives bone loss TITLE: IL-1 mediates TNF-induced osteoclastogenesis. AUTHOR CONTACT: Steven L. Teitelbaum Department of Pathology and Imm...Familiar blood pressure drug may prevent osteoporosis
...strate in mice that the sympathetic nervous system mediates the resorption or destruction of bone through a sp...r, they showed that the sympathetic nervous system mediates only this action of leptin. In the most recent study, they showed that leptin also affects bone des...JCI table of contents, April 1, 2005
...the RET/PTC-RAS-BRAF linear signaling cascade that mediates the motile and mitogenic phenotype of thyroid cancer cells AUTHOR CONTACT:Massimo Santoro University Federico II, Naples, Italy Phone: 39-081-7463056; Fax: 39-081-7463037; E-mail: masantor@unina.it View the PDF of this article at: htt...Chronic inflammation caused by too little stomach acid leads to gastric cancer
...effect on the gastric mucosa. STAT3 is a gene that mediates inflammatory signals and has been linked to the development of cancer. "We are especially interested in RUNX3, because its activity is suppressed in mouse and human gastric cancers," Zavros adds. "Other researchers have shown that RUNX3 stimulates ap...JCI table of contents July 1, 2005
...cal School provide evidence that nitric oxide (NO) mediates vessel maturation. The authors show that NO recru...ncer biology, and regenerative medicine. TITLE: NO mediates mural cell recruitment and vessel morphogenesis in murine melanomas and tissue-engineered blood vess...Geneticists identify 'master switch' that causes female flies to behave like males
...them, a basic circuitry in the nervous system that mediates attraction and mating,'' Baker notes, adding that recent research suggests specific genes build the circuits for instinctive behaviors, ranging from sex to aggression, in mammals. But human behavior, he cautions, is less fixed than that of fruit flie...JCI table of contents August 1, 2005
...ssion of the oxidized LDL receptor 1 (OLR1). OLR1 mediates cholesterol levels in the fat cells. This is the first description of OLR1 expression in fat tissue. OLR1 is shown to regulate uptake of the "good" cholesterol called LDL. The fact that OLR1 has been identified as a PPAR gamma regulated gene provid...Evolution of taste receptor may have shaped human sensitivity to toxic compounds
...a human gene encoding a bitter-taste receptor that mediates recognition of a class of naturally ubiquitous, but toxic, cyanide-releasing compounds. By analyzing sequences from a large sample of individuals representing 60 human populations, the researchers found evidence that specific variants of the receptor......e compelling finding of the paper, "Human Activity mediates a Trophic Cascade caused by Wolves" that appears in the August issue of Ecology by Mark Hebblewhite (University of Alberta) and colleagues. Top-down effects of predators are called trophic cascades. While studies have demonstrated this phenomenon in...Gradient guides nerve growth down spinal cord
...nts through a different receptor, called Ryk, that mediates repulsion by Wnts. Antibodies that blocked the Wnt-Ryk interaction blocked the downward growth of corticospinal axons when injected into the space between the dura and spinal cord in newborn mice. This knowledge, coupled with emerging stem cell tech...Leptin-signaling protein maintains normal body weight and energy balance in mice
... interacts with JAK2 a key signaling protein that mediates how cells respond to a variety of hormones, including leptin." One of several hormones produced by fat tissue, leptin's job is to keep the brain informed about the amount and availability of nutrients stored in body fat. "We believe leptin sensitivi...Energy management in cells may hold key to cancer defense
...also responds to changes in insulin or glucose and mediates impaired energy metabolism, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. "This indicates that AMPK is a very tempting target for the treatment of some forms of diabetes and even obesity," said Witters. As Witters' laboratory continues to zero in on the central ro...Cellular power plants also fend off viruses
...stic molecular domain, called a CARD domain, which mediates interactions between different regulatory proteins. Their search yielded a protein, which they called MAVS for mitochondrial antiviral signaling. Their experiments revealed that MAVS activated NF-B and IRF3 in cell cultures. They also found that in o...JCI table of contents September 1, 2005
...e lacking a gene called aldose reductase (AR) that mediates the generation of toxic products from glucose and cross these mice with atherosclerosis-prone mice lacking a protein called Ldlr. They found that AR expression modulates atherosclerosis development in the diabetic animals. Thus, inhibitors of AR or...JCI table of contents October 1, 2005
...on. TITLE: Renal-associated toll-like receptor-2 mediates ischemia-reperfusion injury in the kidney AUTHOR CONTACT: Jaklien Leemans University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands Phone: +31-20-5665653; E-mail: j.c.leemans@amc.uva.nl View the PDF of this article at: https://www.the-jci.org/......little. "For example, the mechanism of how a cell mediates calcium release is largely unknown," said the paper's senior author, Quan Hao, director of the Macromolecular Diffraction Facility (MacCHESS), the biomedical research arm of the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS). "So this is a very funda...