JCI table of contents: July 19, 2007
...cterial infection. These authors orally infected mice with the bacterial pathogen Campylobacter jejuni (... be detected in the organs of the vast majority of mice lacking Muc1, but never in mice with intact Muc1. Although this organism was able to enter the gastr...Scientists a step closer to understanding how anaesthetics work in the brain
...g it in any other way, it could be introduced into mice to see if they also become insensitive to anaesthetics. If they do, then this establishes the channel as a key target. The group carried out their new study, published in the 20 July issue of the Journal of Biological Chemistry, by cloning the pota...Antibody-altering protein found in developing B cells
...ade by developing B cells in wild-type, or normal, mice which implies that AID plays a larger role in the immune system than previously thought. Building upon what is already known about B cells, Imanishi-Kari hypothesizes that AID plays a role during B cell development by mutating B cell antibodies and, ...A brain chemical that battles despair
...ntified a gene-regulating protein in the brains of mice that triggers the animals' ability to cope with th... to stress. Their approach involved first exposing mice to random shocks from which the animals could not escape. Such repeated exposure to inescapable stre...Universal flu vaccine being tested on humans
... developed a vaccine and successfully tested it on mice and other laboratory animals: the M2 vaccine provided total protection against A strains of flu, without side effects. Furthermore, this universal influenza vaccine is the first example of a vaccine inducing a protective immune response that normally...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
... wild-type mice, as was chordin. Brain slices from mice lacking Chordin (Chrd-/-) had enhanced paired-puls...site of action for BMP. Nerve terminals in Chrd-/- mice also had an increase in docked vesicles. Perfusion of BMP2 in wild-type slices mimicked the effects ...Better sleep may put Huntington's disease sufferers back on track
...bridge neuroscientists conducting the research, HD mice have abnormal circadian rhythms; their daily sleep...cadian disruption and cognitive disturbances in HD mice were linked. To test this, drugs were administered to regulate sleep patterns in the mice. The re...Tips from the Journals of the American Society for Microbiology
...n effective, long-lasting vaccine. In the study mice were immunized in four groups: orally alone, intra...H. pylori after three months. Results showed that mice receiving intramuscular immunization alone or a combination of oral and intramuscular vaccinations h...Immune system 'escape hatch' gives cancer cells traction
...alyzed blood samples and lymph tissue from healthy mice injected with MDSCs and found that T-cell levels r...lorida researchers measured the immune response in mice to various foreign proteins, with and without injections of MDSCs. They found an 80 percent suppres...Tumor painting revolutionizes fight against cancer
... Tumor painting has been successfully tested in mice and the pilot safety trials are complete. Olson and his team are preparing the necessary toxicity studies before seeking approval from the Food and Drug Administration to begin clinical trials. Chlorotoxin:Cy5.5 could be used in operating rooms in as......on. In the current work, genetically engineered mice received mild foot shocks in a certain environment...ck and continued to freeze in fear. Conversely, in mice whose Cdk5 activity was inhibited, the bad memory of the shocks disappeared when the mice learned th...JCI table of contents: July 12, 2007
... of the talinalpha-IIb beta 3 interaction protects mice from pulmonary thromboembolism the formation of b...ey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies immunized mice with an epitope of MBP known as Ac19, which resulted in a single episode of EAE in these animals, fo......l, Tarakhovsky and colleagues generated transgenic mice harboring mutated versions of Ago2 in their bone m...e able to restore erythropoiesis in Ago2-deficient mice by expressing a mutated version of Ago2 that lacks its endonuclease activity, thereby demonstrating ...Scientists find brown fat master switch
...e have identified a long-sought "master switch" in mice for the production of brown fat, a type of adipose...s said their next step is to rev up the control in mice and overfeed them to see if they are resistant to becoming obese. "Brown fat is present in mice an...Mild stress in the womb may worsen risk of cerebral palsy
...e normal cycle of light and dark that the pregnant mice were accustomed to for half of the mice, subjectin...ng fetuses to injury. When the brains of the young mice were examined on birth, Gressens and his team found that the offspring born from stressed mothers sh...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...the location of these GABA A receptor subunits in mice rendered epileptic by pilocarpine treatment, a sta...ted toward perisynaptic locations in the epileptic mice in parallel with a decrease in phasic inhibition. The authors suggest that receptors containing 4 an...Insulin sensitizer also serves as energy-conserving signal to the brain
...e added. The researchers now report evidence in mice that adiponectin receptors are present in the hypo...ost more fat after 12 hours of fasting than normal mice did. Blood levels of another fat hormone, leptin, are regulated inversely in relation to serum adi...New blood test might offer early warning of deep belly fat
...n Kahns group showed that elevating RBP4 levels in mice causes insulin resistance and lowering them in obese mice can improve insulin sensitivity, the only known function of RBP4 was to carry vitamin A (also known ...Other highlights from the July 10 JNCI
...asound popped the bubbles, releasing the drug. In mice treated with this method, the nanobubbles were more effective at blocking tumor growth than other nanoparticle delivery methods. Microbubble formulations have been developed for combining ultrasonic tumor imaging and ultrasound-enhanced chemother......gene therapy cure for hemophilia A in mice. In the mice with hemophilia A, the researchers succeeded in raising the concentration of coagulation factor VIII 1000 times. Unfortunately, however, scientists ran into difficulties when testing the therapy on larger laboratory animals. After gene therapy, as...