Opposing fat metabolism pathways triggered by a single gene
...c effects occurring within two metabolic pathways: mitochondrial lipid oxidation and fatty acid desaturation. Following up on these changes in gene expression, Yamamoto and colleagues show that in its normal actions, nhr-49 sets in motion two opposing pathways: it increases expression of a gene acs-2 , which ...Intervention cuts nerve damage, boosts life span
...d in the form of ATP molecules. However, so-called mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) allow some of the proto... that vary among tissues. To explore the effect of mitochondrial uncoupling on the production of free radicals and aging, Helfand's group inserted human UCP2 into fl...New DNA studies verify existence of three right whale species
...e, two types of genetic material--both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA--have been used to verify a new species design...s for conservation efforts. "In 2001, we compared mitochondrial DNA samples from individual whales from different ocean basins and found that the North Pacific righ...Critical role in programmed cell death identified
... their activity in mammalian cell death was known, mitochondrial involvement in worms had not previously been shown...l now. Conradt and her colleagues determined that mitochondrial fragmentation is required for cells to die and that the process that commits cells to the point of n...Scientists will discuss remarkable advances in whale research at the annual meeting of AAAS
...y, Palumbi and Roman analyzed maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA samples from hundreds of humpback whales. They...e whale DNA using both the D loop gene and another mitochondrial gene called cytochrome b. ''We wanted to see if cytochrome b-a different gene with much nicer mutati......gally sold as food, Palumbi examined variations in mitochondrial DNA from individual whales. He was amazed at their genetic variation an indicator of the past size of their population. Piecing together their ancient family trees, he has discovered that the Antarctic population of minke whales is now the longest s...Where's Waldo's DNA? New NIST SRM joins search
...mber of nucleotides can range from about 16,500 in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to several million in nuclear DNA. A k...cause serious health effects. Accurate analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), either for forensic identification or for studying genetic-based diseases, often hinges...In anoxia, why can't humans be more like western painted turtles?
... *Paper presentation: "NMDA receptor regulation by mitochondrial KATP channels and adenosine receptors in cortical neurons of the anoxia-tolerant western painted turtle," 12:30 p.m.-3 p.m. Sunday April 3, Physiology 381.3/board #A558. On view 7:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. Others in the research team are Damian Shin and Matth...Pediatric burn victims' recovery, diabetes, metabolism aided by fenofibrate (Tricor)
...lism, and our results show that by increasing cell mitochondrial fat metabolism with fenofibrate (marketed as Tricor by Abbott Laboratories), glucose metabolism can also be improved," Cree reported. *Paper presentation: "Fenofibrate improves glucose metabolism in pediatric burns patients," 12:30 p.m.-3 p.m. Sunda...14 highlighted physiology papers from IUPS 2005: From 'genomics to functions'
...rection in this area. "NMDA receptor regulation by mitochondrial KATP channels and adenosine receptors in cortical neurons of the anoxia-tolerant western painted turtle." Physiology 381.3. Leslie T. Buck, Damian Shin and Matthew Pamenter. University of Toronto Zoology Department. Featured topic: Buck is also part...Thumbnail sampler of 10 diverse physiology papers from IUPS 2005
...ture-dependent cadmium effects on whole animal and mitochondrial metabolism of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica." Gisela Lannig, Inna Sokolova. Biological Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Physiology 138.12 The researchers found that increased susceptibility of oysters to trace metal...VCU research shows Viagra prevents anti-cancer drug induced heart damage
...nction caused by treatment with DOX by opening the mitochondrial KATP channels in cardiac cells," said Kukreja. Mitochondria are cellular organelles critical for converting oxygen into ATP, the key fuel for cellular function. According to Kukreja, free radicals generated in the mitochondria of cardiac cells by DOX......mosome, which is passed on from father to son, and mitochondrial DNA, which is passed on from mothers to their sons and daughters. This enables the researchers to decipher the characteristic genetic markers of both parental lineages. UA is collaborating in a joint venture with Family Tree DNA, a company specializ...Mitochondrial DNA variants linked to renal, prostate cancer
...cientists at Emory University have discovered that mitochondrial DNA contains signature sequencing that is associat...mes the risk for renal cancer. "The inheritance of mitochondrial haplotype is important in cancer disposition," said John Petros, M.D., associate professor of urolog...Inherited variations in mitochondrial DNA linked to renal and prostate cancer
... set of inherited characteristics and mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are at significantly increased risk fo...ancer patients had several missense mutations in a mitochondrial gene called cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene compared to less than 2 percent of patients wi...A human parasite with a streamlined mitochondrion
...some contains a single type of a protein, called a mitochondrial carrier, that in human mitochondria exists in many... thus it provides a model system for probing which mitochondrial functions are truly essential for eukaryotic cells. Download PDF...DNA solves mystery of Gibraltar's macaques
...where the macaques came from. Now, an analysis of mitochondrial DNA from 280 individual samples reveals that the m...populations in Algeria and Morocco." Key to study: mitochondrial DNA In mammals, mitochondrial DNA is inherited exclusively from the female, so it can be analyzed t...Neandertal femur suggests competition with hyenas and a shift in landscape use
...ve comes from a Neandertal, based on its shape and mitochondrial DNA. Its age places it at the end of the Middle Paleolithic archeological period, just before modern humans arrived in Europe. The research will be published in the PNAS online early edition the week of May2-6. "In Europe, with the transition from Ne...PNAS highlights for the week of May 9 - 13
...ne pool of the different populations. They studied mitochondrial DNA and genes from the Y chromosome, sex-specific tracers of females and males, respectively, from three matrilocal and three patrilocal populations. The analysis provided the rate of sex-specific immigration into the different societies. Interesting......e PIs prevent programmed cell death by maintaining mitochondrial integrity. These data show that PIs block programmed cell death in vivo and that related compounds may be useful for non-HIV disorders also characterized by excessive programmed cell death....