Multinational research: protecting ecology means understanding people, too
...e to be tackled and fixed, then science and people must mix. So say Dr. Lee Fitzgerald, a conservation bi...ts of conservation in the study regions. They also must complete an internship with a conservation organization and go to the Amazon for a field course. Doc...Newly created cancer stem cells could aid breast cancer research
...tumors metastasized. In sharp contrast, scientists must inject about 1 million cells to get a tumor when working with the cancer cell lines routinely used in the laboratory. In the process of making a model that reflects a tumor type common in patients, I created tumor-initiating cells, Ince explains. T...MIT creates 3-D images of living cell
...ially all other 3D imaging techniques, the samples must be fixed with chemicals, frozen, stained with dyes, metallized or otherwise processed to provide detailed structural information. When you fix the cells, you can't look at their movements, and when you add external contrast agents you can never be...OHSU turns mouse into factory for human liver cells
...s do with any given drug." And human liver cells must be used instead of cells from laboratory animals b...hich can be any hour of the day or night, and they must be used immediately. "There are a number of companies that take these leftover livers, process the...Evolution is driven by gene regulation
...difference is not the gene content, the difference must be in the way regulation of genes produces their protein products. Comparing gene regulation across similar organisms has been difficult because the nucleotide sequence of DNA regulatory regions, or promoters, are more variable than the sequences ...A study by the MUHC and McGill University opens a new door to understanding cancer
...o clean house. It attaches itself to proteins that must disappear and triggers their degradation; in doing so, it allows a number of mechanisms to be minutely controlled. This new study reveals that ubiquitin also promotes interactions between proteins known as Cb-b. In a healthy patient, Cb-b is activate...Research shows skeleton to be endocrine organ
...ately controls bone mass. They reasoned that bones must in turn communicate with fat, so they searched bone-forming cells for molecules that could potentially send signals back to fat cells. The researchers found that osteocalcin, a protein made only by bone-forming cells (osteoblasts), was not a mere...Proteaceae spread by continental drift and transoceanic dispersal
...t the time when the super-continent broke up. They must therefore have dispersed across oceans to reach th...ow that ancestors of some of the modern Proteaceae must have crossed the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Thus, in Africa, for example, the spectacular genus Pro...Study finds gender differences in renal and other genes contributing to blood pressure
...iagnostic and therapeutic indices for hypertension must take gender into account to provide an accurate assessment and treatment of hypertension. ...Sugar and spice and everything nice: Health differences in newborn girls and boys
...mia, or complete lack of blood flow, and therefore must rely in part on internal nutrient stores to produce energy anaerobically (without oxygen). The end-products of this process (anaerobic metabolism) are lactate and hydrogen ions (H+) which can accumulate in the liver cells during ischemia leading to d...Weizmann Institute scientists discover a control mechanism for metastasis
... a cell such as a cancer cell to migrate, it first must detach itself from neighboring cells and the intercellular material to which it is anchored. Before it can do this, it receives an order from outside the cell saying: 'prepare to move.' This signal takes the form of a substance called a growth factor......re increasing bacterial load in an aging human, it must be bad, Finkel said. And it might not just be bad, it just might be. Prior to this study, I would not have thought that. The study is part of a broader effort in the Tower lab to eliminate irrelevant factors in aging and close in on its fundamen...Penn researchers discover how key protein stops inflammation
... would kill us. However, the inflammatory response must be controlled or we could also die. Bcl-3 helps regulate inflammation. By using what we now know about Bcl-3 regulatory function, we hope to create new ways to control inflammation for therapeutic purposes with selective anti-inflammatory agents, s...AAAS analysis finds Congress would add billions to FY 2008 R&D investment
... Department of Homeland Security. The Senate still must draft a spending bill for the Department of Defense. In all, appropriations approved by the House total $144.3 billion for R&D--$3.2 billion (or 2.3%) more than the current budget and $4 billion more than the White House 2008 budget proposal. The S...Research team enlightens the reasons for severe blindness
...this molecular transport belt, the optical crimson must be also transported into the exterior segment of t... therapies. Therefore, very high safety standards must be set in this field. ...Genetic analysis finds greater threat in frog-killing fungus
... around the world," said Taylor. "That means there must be someplace else on earth where this fungus is endemic. One would guess that the frogs living where the ancestral population of this fungus is located would not be affected that badly. We could then try to determine the mechanisms those frogs use to...Why nectar-feeding bats need a 'power drink' to fly
... absent. This underlines how accurately these bats must balance their energy requirements every day and how vulnerable they are to ecological perturbations that might interrupt their fuel supply for even a short period, they say. Nectar-feeding bats live in south and central America and are among the sm...Immunity in social amoeba suggests ancient beginnings
...nce that organism was not likely multicellular, it must have used it as some kind of signaling to respond to bacteria in the environment. Looking at it from another point of view, its possible that one of the properties of those (crown) organisms that allowed them to become multicellular was the abilit...New survey documents the headaches of computerized medicine
...rease cost efficiency, but hospitals adopting them must plan for immense workflow issues and a host of oth...y automating old processes. Workflow and work life must change, which means people must adapt. Such change is deeply disruptive. The related personal and or...Biologists at Tufts University discover 1 reason why chromosomes break, often leading to cancer
...tion." As cells divide, the DNA inside those cells must duplicate, which is called replication. The Tufts research showed that the chromosomes were breaking because replication was stalled. "We found that the fragile sequence actually stops replication," Freudenreich said. "So when replication gets ther...