Motor transport in bio-nano systems
...rease the flux of the cargo transport, it would be necessary to increase the number of motors that contribute t...ble strategy to obtain the basic knowledge that is necessary to improve the system design and to optimize its performance. We now have a basic understanding of t...Mechanism for the captation of nutrients in plants- unknown to date
...starch production. If this is the case, it will be necessary to discover what are the genetic and molecular mechanisms involved in the process, in order to improve the plant varieties. For example, in order to increase starch production in potato or maize, endocitosis would have to be encouraged through the s...Little microbe inside sea squirt makes big splash
...ces, scientists found the bacterium indeed has the necessary genes to produce these potentially important biochemicals, solving the source mystery. Knowing which genes Prochloron used for patellamide production also allowed researchers to synthesize the potentially important compounds in the lab using a so-cal...Fat's fate depends on its source
...gars spark a cascade of gene activity in the liver necessary for healthy blood levels of sugar, cholesterol, and other fats, according to the researchers. Old fat stores alone failed to set those critical metabolic pathways in motion, they found. The findings in mice suggest that normal metabolism requires so-...Program finds lost genes in nematode genome
...veal the mysteries of our genes. In this case, the necessary investments have been made, but since there is no sanctioned world championship, it is not yet widely known."...WHO centre calls for global action on cleft palate
...ans no one country, let alone institution, has the necessary expertise and resources to find all the answers to these distressing conditions. His comments come as the University's School of Dentistry was designated a WHO Collaborating Centre for Research on the Treatment of Craniofacial Congenital Anomalies ...Scripps scientists describe protein used by bacteria and cancer cells to resist drugs
...rom the inner to the outer membrane of bacteria is necessary for bacterial cell growth. The structure is important for a number of reasons. One is that solving the structure helped Chang and Reyes to propose a mechanism by which it works. The structure of MsbA is a dimer with two identical subunits. These su...... obtaining the large quantities of sponge biomass, necessary for developing drugs. However, sea rearing can only be used for the large-scale production of useful substances if it can yield large quantities of the sponge species. Therefore, sea rearing would only seem to be a profitable option if the quantitie...Eye candy: Transcriptional control of vertebrate eye development
... Lemke and colleagues found that Vax1 and Vax2 are necessary for the repression of Pax6 expression, the ventralization of the eye field, and subsequent development of the optic nerve. Dr. Lemke notes that "in many respects, the eyes represent a default differentiation pathway for the front end of the developin...B cells are required for development of epithelial cancer associated with chronic inflammation
...ion in premalignant skin and reinstated mechanisms necessary for tumorigenesis, like blood vessel development (...elopment, and B cell-derived soluble mediators are necessary for establishing chronic inflammatory states that potentiate cancer development," explains Dr. Couss...PNAS highlights for the week of May 16 - 20
...palosiphum padi. The authors say further tests are necessary to make certain BtRB crops are not toxic or allergenic in humans. Bonding Amino Acids to Inorganic Surfaces Researchers have measured the bonding strengths of amino acids to a variety of inorganic surfaces and designed combinations that bond to eac...Quantifying network vulnerability, and the best way to find hidden items
...twork that scientists call "scale free", it may be necessary to disrupt (or arrest) essentially every member, if we know nothing about the relative importance of each of the members. Having reliable information about the top 1% of the most important nodes in a network means that the system could be destroyed b...Fox Chase study shows that weakened T-cell receptor signals change T-cell lineage
...structs cells to express the set of cellular genes necessary to become a gamma-delta T cell." Understanding the development of critical components of the immune system can lead to scientific and medical advances in stimulating desirable immune responses and halting unwanted ones. "Although their precise functi...To stop evolution: New way of fighting antibiotic resistance demonstrated by Scripps scientists
...g and his colleagues showed that LexA's action was necessary for the evolution of resistance to the antibiotics in vitro. The effect in vivo was dramatic. Blocking LexA in rodent models of E. coli infections halted the growth of antibiotic resistance. Three days after being subjected to antibiot...Human cells can 'silence' HIV genes
...IV-infected cell can detect and transform into the necessary precursors of RNAi, called short interfering RNA (siRNA)? Second, do human cells use siRNAs to disable HIV? Third, if human cells try to battle HIV using RNAi, does HIV have a way to evade the defensive maneuver? The answer to all three questions, t...Lack of coherent cloning policies reflects polarized debate, limited understanding, study says
...saligned chromosomes and the absence of structures necessary for cell division, but some scientists argue that these are technical barriers that can be overcome, the report observes. The report notes that many scientists and patients, among others, support the use of cloning because of its potential to bette...Detecting biological threats top goal of UH project
...H research team agrees that taking precautions are necessary to avoid the chaos, mass anxiety and economic disruption that come with this type of misinformation. "You don't want to have a test that says you might have anthrax in a sample, such as the air in a building or train station, when you don't," Fox ...UCSD research reveals mechanism involved with type of fatal epilepsy
... to test these models with the hope of gaining the necessary insights to develop potential therapies for Lafora disease. Co-authors are Matthew S. Gentry, Ph.D., and Carolyn A. Worby, Ph.D., both of the UCSD Department of Pharmacy. This research was funded by the National Institutes of Health....Major losses projected for earthquake on little-known fault under Los Angeles
... question of if, but when, so everyone should take necessary safety precautions." Field added that because a Puente Hills earthquake would have widespread impact, emergency and public policy officials should plan accordingly. The loss projections assume that no efforts will be made to reduce the vulnerability ...Stem cell research in New York City receives pivotal boost from The Starr Foundation
... stem cell research; and develop shared facilities necessary to derive new stem cell lines and to expand and maintain existing cell lines for use by scientists. Emphasis will be placed on collaborative studies bringing stem cell researchers together with colleagues from other fields including neuroscience, ce...