Researchers discover molecular mechanism that desensitizes us to cold
...hese proteins are involved." Many signals, such as neurotransmitters and growth factors are known to catalyze the breakdown of PIP2. Now that researchers know how PIP2 interacts with this large class of membrane proteins, they can begin to look out how these signals work and what effects they are having in various are...Brain-injury rehabilitation depends on acetylcholine circuitry
...hat brain circuitry that depends on other types of neurotransmitters such as noradrenalin, dopamine, or serotonin have also been implicated in cortical plasticity and may also be manipulated to aid recovery after such injury....Extending genetic associations with risk for alcohol dependence to a Russian population
...dings to a Russian population. "There are braking neurotransmitters and accelerating neurotransmitters," said Jaakko Lappalainen, assistant professor of psychiatry at Yale and first author of the study. "GABA is one of the braking neurotransmitters, it brakes the neurons so that they don't get out of control." Acti...Researchers make surprise discovery that some neurons can transmit three signals at once
...could fire a simultaneous three-punch salvo three neurotransmitters bursting out of a single cell -- it was a finding ...e Neuroscience , is that by definition these three neurotransmitters are seemingly at odds with each other. One, glutamate, is a textbook excitatory neurotransmitter; wh...Virginia Tech patents advance microprocessors, vaccines, vision, vibration control, more
...ransmitter Reuptake (6,700,018)." Chemicals called neurotransmitters mediate neuron-to-neuron communication in the brain. An imbalance in the amount of the neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine can cause serious clinical manifestations, such as depressio...Epilepsy and depression - A two-way street?
...o epilepsy show abnormal secretion in the brain of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, GABA and dopami...mals are similar to abnormal patterns for the same neurotransmitters seen in patients with depression, Kanner said. He summarized the evidence for common biological path...New research questions basic tenet of neuron function
...organelles called synaptic vesicles that sequester neurotransmitters and release them when needed into the synapse, or ... It is known that synaptic vesicles release their neurotransmitters in two different "modes" one when the neuron is stimulated and actively relaying a message, and the...New neurons born in adult rat cortex
...eurons as they matured and to identify the type of neurotransmitters they secreted. The markers exploited antibody affinities for specific proteins to tag particular cell types with telltale color codes, visible on brain slices under fluorescence with a laser-powered microscope. The researchers found that the cortex ...Clam embryo study shows pollutant mixture adversely affects nerve cell development
...ion of antibodies and dyes to show the presence of neurotransmitters in single neurons. "We've actually taken superlative three-dimensional pictures where we go right through the embryo," says Reinisch. The sequence of images yields a three-dimensional representation of the embryos' developing neurons. Reinisch and co...Alcohol vulnerability linked to action of insulin
... in sugar metabolism, insulin regulates release of neurotransmitters and may be crucial in determining the response to addictive drugs." In her pioneering 10-year research effort to determine the genetic basis of alcohol-induced behavior, Heberlein has employed an apparatus she calls the inebriometer, in which nor...Stress impairs thinking via mania-linked enzyme
...bility, and stoking protein machinery that propels neurotransmitters into the synapse. PKC also moves into the cell's nucleus, where it turns-on genes. To tease out PKCs role, the researchers selectively targeted the prefrontal cortex in rats and monkeys performing working memory tasks with PKC activators, inhibitor...Reductions in blood oxygen levels in newborns could contribute to ADHD development
...said. "So far scientists haven't sorted out which neurotransmitters are responsible for this effect, but if that could be narrowed down to just dopamine, as suggested by our data, it would provide a basis for developing drugs without the potential addictive properties of existing therapies." The Emory investigators a...Dr. Harris receives NIH Javits Neuroscience Investigator Award
...where brain cells share chemical messengers called neurotransmitters and how these synapses change in size and number so information can be learned and remembered. "There have been a lot of people working hard together to develop the tools to investigate at the submicron level how the structure of the brain chan...UCSD medical researchers use brain cell transplants to correct muscle spasms after aneurysm surgery
...owed a robust growth of neurons and an increase in neurotransmitters in the spinal cords of rats that received the transplanted neuronal cells. "These findings provide conclusive evidence that transplantation of well defined human neuronal cells into a specific region of the spinal cord can be an effective treatment f...Identifying genes that contribute to a low level of response to alcohol
...l categories, including: second messenger systems, neurotransmitters or drug-related receptors, genes that affect alcohol metabolism, and genes that might relate to an overlap in the risk for alcoholism and some psychiatric conditions. "There are genes in animals that have a huge impact on the intensity of response ...