A new understanding of how cells defend themselves against bacterial pore-forming toxins
...plains so much in terms of basic cell physiology," notes Van der Goot. If a cell absorbs too much water, for example, this pathway would be triggered. The lipids formed in the metabolic pathway would enable the cell to enlarge its membrane to accommodate the extra water. "Toxins have co-evolved with the...New insight into skin-tanning process suggests novel way of preventing skin cancer
...skin cancer caused by exposure to UV light. Fisher notes that while it is unknown whether forskolin will penetrate deeply enough in human skin to activate melanocytes, these results suggest that the search for other substances that do reach deep into the skin may well have the same pigmentation effects in ...Squid skin reveals hidden messages
...of which do not have polarization vision. Mthger notes that these messages could contain information regarding the whereabouts of other squid, for example. "Whether signals could also contain information regarding the presence of predators (i.e., a warning signal) is speculation, but it may be possible,"...China's environmental challenges
...er Yu Xiaogang, a Chinese watershed activist. She notes that the Chinese government realizes it must rely on the support of the private sector and that the country now boasts more than 2000 environmental organizations, working on issues ranging from public transit to the impact of mega-dams....Single molecular 'mark' seen as pivotal for genome compaction in spores and sperm
...semble itself in devastating translocations." She notes that normal double-stranded DNA, on the other hand, has the ability to repair breaks in one of its single strands by using the chemical bases in the companion strand as a reference. Bases in DNA pair only in predetermined combinations, so that one s...Define 'precautionary principle' to avoid clashes over biotechnology under World Trade rules
...general levels of awareness," says Dr. Zakri. He notes that several international organizations, often pu...ernational environmental law. The UNU-IAS report notes differences between Europe and North America are highly pronounced with respect to genetically modif...Continuous, real-time analysis of radioactive waste achieved at PNNL
...nitoring in a variety of harsh environments. Bryan notes that system components and analytical tools of the process monitor can be tailored to monitor a variety of complex mixtures such as pulp and paper processing liquids, electroplating solutions, as well as radioactive tank wastes....Transplant cures rats' type 2 diabetes without need for immune suppression drugs
...diabetes without any immune suppression. Hammerman notes that the new study shows the lack of immune rejection wasn't just an artifact from the strain of rats used for the first experiments. "In addition, now we also know that this approach works for the much more common type 2 diabetes, something we could...Replacing insulin is top-ranked breakthrough foreseen for health in developing world
...mong them a diabetes epidemic. However, the study notes that in developed countries, where most of the cutting-edge science research occurs today, health-related priorities differ greatly from those of developing countries, which therefore should develop their own expertise and capacity. "Though largely ...A new clinical report from the AAP recommends dairy for children with lactose intolerance
...d active cultures helps digest lactose Editor's notes on lactose intolerance: Lactose intolerance is a clinical syndrome with one or more of the following symptoms: abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, flatulence, and/or bloating after the ingestion of lactose or lactose-containing substances. The exten...Diabetes slows nerve recovery after heart transplant
...rson's ability to recover from a heart transplant, notes a study in the September Journal of Nuclear Medicine. "Using positron emission tomography (PET) and the transplanted heart as a very specific model to study the regenerative capacity of the heart's sympathetic nervous system, we determined that rei...Deer-free areas may be haven for ticks, disease
...r tick populations to either increase or decrease, notes the Penn State researcher. Statistical analyses of ticks on the captured rodents indicated that compared to the control areas, the deer-excluded areas hosted a significantly higher number of nymph and adult female ticks, as well as a high prevalence...Jefferson scientists explain cancer cell metabolism changes
...lasm outside of each cell's nucleus. Dr. Pestell notes that scientists have long suspected a link between...nsen Professor of Medicine at Columbia University, notes that the 1930 discovery that the function of mitochondria is often impaired in cancer cells has rema...Researchers develop flood-tolerant California rice
...rgence persists beyond four days. Bailey-Serres notes that access today to information about the rice genome all the genetic material in the chromosomes of rice has greatly accelerated progress in identifying specific genes that confer specific traits. "Currently, the International Rice Research Insti......hology, department of kinesiology, Penn State. He notes that "LB1 looks different if researchers think in ... facial asymmetry and dental anomalies. Henneberg notes that "while we do not in this paper diagnose the specific syndrome present, many characteristics poi...Latest enhancements to the free Access Grid Toolkit are now available for download
...id effort within the Futures Laboratory at Argonne notes that this release is more stable and more secure, and at the same time increases usability. Uram states that "The emphasis on compliance with standards and insistence on openly licensed technologies in this new version is a key differentiator for the...Remote control for human growth hormone gene expression
... opens the lock and door of a house a block away," notes Liebhaber. By carefully analyzing the 14,000 base pairs separating the hGH gene and its locus control region, co-authors Yugong Ho, PhD, an Instructor of Genetics at Penn and a Cooke/Liebhaber lab member, and Felice Elefant, PhD, Assistant Professo...Mussels evolve quickly to defend against invasive crabs
...esearch associate professor Fred Short. Freeman notes that there's one predator mussels will not need to defend themselves against: him. "I used to like them, before I started working with them for my dissertation," he says. "Not anymore." -30- ...Rewiring the mammalian brain -- neurons make fickle friends
...e brain is like a Darwinian evolutionary process," notes Markram, "where a new experience triggers a burst of new connections between neurons, and only the fittest connections survive." Markram emphasizes that these findings may have important implications for brain research, even at a practical level. ...Current technology for brain cooling unlikely to help trauma patients
...mpts to use hypothermia to reduce brain injury. He notes that other approaches to induce hypothermia currently under consideration include cooling the entire body all at once and inserting cooling devices into the arteries that supply the brain with blood. ...