An embryonic stem cell model for Parkinson's disease
...itivity to oxidative stress, caused by products of oxygen metabolism that react with and damage cellular components like proteins and DNA. In a second paper, they link DJ-1 dysfunction to the aggregation of alpha-synuclein, a hallmark of Parkinson's neuropathology. Oxidative stress has long been associat...How roots control plant shoots
...upply food for humans and other creatures, produce oxygen for all animals to breathe, influence global climate and grace us with the current season of brilliant fall colors. "When we look at plants, it's easy to think only about the above-ground parts you can see," says Leslie Sieburth, who led the study ...Good news: As you age, leg blood vessels adapt so you can still exercise without fainting
...substances to meet the competing demands of muscle oxygen delivery and maintenance of bodily blood pressure,...ympathetic outflow in regulating vascular tone and oxygen delivery to exercising muscles. Research is supported by the National Institute on Aging. ...Sedentary overweight people get insulin boost from short term exercise; CVD risks trend down
...n the treadmill walking at 60-65% of maximum vital oxygen capacity designed to expend about 500 k/cals per day. While the CVD changes weren't statistically significant, Mitchell noted, "in the negative energy balance group (NEG), all of the markers were trending in a favorable direction, wherea...INEEL uses extremophile bacteria to ease bleaching's environmental cost
... in industrial wastewater, producing only harmless oxygen and water as byproducts. Most important, the so-called extremozyme endures harsh industrial conditions better than currently available alternatives and lasts thousands of times longer. R&D Magazine declared the isolation and production of the enzyme ...Flies have morning and evening clocks
...uid balance, body temperature, cardiac output, and oxygen consumption. In the fruit fly Drosophila, however, the circadian clock has its most overt effect on the fly's level of activity. In both flies and humans, the clocks are circuits of neurons that naturally oscillate with a circadian periodicity. In...Laboratory test of evolutionary theory confirms importance of links between populations
...ts--glass culture tubes that provide nutrients and oxygen and siphon off wastes. In one set of chemostats the communities remained isolated from one another. In another set, Forde periodically made a series of transfers between communities, sucking up a pipette full of bacteria and viruses from one chemosta...New version of tumor-suppressor linked to progression of childhood cancer
...y hypoxia, a condition where cells are deprived of oxygen that is known to contribute to cancer progression. The researchers found that TrkIII stimulated advancement of NB, in part, by interfering with the normal anti-oncogenic function of TrkA. The researchers conclude that formation of TrkIII represents a...ORNL system eliminates perchlorate, helps scientists trace source
...d a much higher value of the oxygen-17 isotope (an oxygen atom with 8 protons and 9 neutrons in the nucleus) but a lower chlorine-37 value (a chlorine atom with 17 protons and 20 neutrons in the nucleus). A report on the study appears in the current edition of Environmental Science and Technology, w...New DNA repair enzyme makes mistakes to save lives of cells
... or oxidants, free radicals that are byproducts of oxygen consumption. When Dr. Wood and his colleagues first identified POL-Q last year they reported that because of its protein structure it belonged to the A family of polymerases, which are known for filling gaps during DNA replication. Now with a bette...Single genetic defect links many risk factors for heart disease and stroke
...tely, it might increase the production of reactive oxygen species that cause wear and tear on blood vessels,... antioxidants to prevent damage caused by reactive oxygen species."...Reductions in blood oxygen levels in newborns could contribute to ADHD development
SAN DIEGO-- A repetitive drop in blood oxygen levels in newborn rats, similar to that caused by ...born rats who experience repetitive drops in blood oxygen levels go on to develop behavioral traits similar to those seen in humans with ADHD. This is the fi...NIH funds rare childhood disease to provide insights into the origins of adult cancer
... producing sufficient red blood cells, which carry oxygen to all tissues in the body. Those red blood cells that are produced are often large in size and do not function properly. All other blood cells -- white blood cells and platelets -- are usually normal. As with any rare disease, there are gaps in the ...Diabetes drug works by enhancing fat cell energy production
...mice had increased size and altered structure. The oxygen consumption, reflecting energy use, of these cells was also significantly higher. The work here provides live animal evidence that rosiglitazone treatment works by modifying mitochondrial structure and increasing white fat cell tissue energy, which i...JCI table of contents November 1, 2004
...mice had increased size and altered structure. The oxygen consumption, reflecting energy use, of these cells was also significantly higher. The work here provides live animal evidence that rosiglitazone treatment works by modifying mitochondrial structure and increasing white fat cell tissue energy, which i...Genetic variant linked to weakened heart pumping
...e body's tissues, and thereby to provide them with oxygen and nutrients. An estimated 4.7 million Americans suffer from the condition, with 400,000 new cases reported each year. Half of the patients die within five years of the diagnosis. "We have always been intrigued by heart patients who appear to have v...Award will help unlock mysteries of one of Earth's most important organisms
...ganisms in the ocean. They generate about half the oxygen humans breathe, form the base of the food web in the seas and remove the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. With the development of new molecular tools that allow scientists to study species at the DNA level, Armbrust and her colleag...Extinction in ocean's mud presages key ecological changes
... of sediment mixing, and consequently diminish the oxygen concentrations that sustain bottom-dwelling life. The amount of change, according to the study, depends on the reasons species are going extinct and the order in which animals disappear. "We know certain types of species are at greater risk of ...By impounding iron, FHC foils cell suicide, fuels inflammation
... by hiding iron, FHC prevented the accumulation of oxygen radicals V extremely unstable molecules that can d...s and cell structures. Without an accumulation of oxygen radicals, cells are unable to take the final steps toward programmed cell death. "The data indicat......as discovered how the body regulates the amount of oxygen in the bloodstream. The findings, by Professor Pau...rstanding how the body adjusts to major changes in oxygen levels, such as when babies are born or following a stroke," said Professor Kemp. "It will certainly...