Microbe has huge role in ocean life, carbon cycle
...en. About half of photosynthesis and the resulting oxygen on Earth are produced by algae in the ocean, and microbes like SAR11 recycle organic carbon - producing the nutrients needed for algal growth. "Ultimately, SAR11 through its sheer abundance plays a major role in the Earth's carbon cycle," Giovannoni ...Climate model links higher temperatures to prehistoric extinction
...mosphere can affect ocean circulation, cutting off oxygen to lower depths and extinguishing most life," says...ess in which colder surface water descends, taking oxygen and nutrients deep into the ocean. As a result, ocean waters became stratified with little oxygen, a...JCI table of contents September 1, 2005
...in. This complex generates hydrogen peroxide from oxygen and leads to oxidative stress. The researchers show that the substrate for this chemical reaction is cholesterol, which is abundant in the brain and in amyloid plaques. They show that beta-amyloid/copper complexes convert cholesterol into a cell dea...Dangerous tricksters: Some bacterie use immune cells to reproduce
...nry is concentrated: the phagosome is flooded with oxygen radicals and acid. Another kind of membrane bags, the lysosomes, merge with the phagosome and confront the microbe with highly reactive digestive enzymes. A few hours after the first alarm bells have rung there is nothing left of the bacterium, and t...A water tale for all seasons: When it comes to hydration and exercise, the system works
...ined by differences in cardiovascular function and oxygen uptake dynamics," the paper said. "Although the present experiment was not designed to assess the mechanism behind performance changes, the explanation is reasonable based on the work of others," it added. Some 'common-sense' tips on hydration ...Protein found to be more common in patients with lung fibrosis
...bly damaging the ability of the tissue to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream. This disease affects more than five million people worldwide, killing forty thousand of these every year. In a paper in the forthcoming issue of the open-access journal PLoS Medicine , researchers identified a protein called o...Can ancient rocks yield clues about catastrophes like Hurricane Katrina?
...ave been seriously depleted in the deeper ocean as oxygen became progressively scarce. On land, the climate... an increase in marine productivity and supporting oxygen depletion and a change in circulation patterns in the deep ocean. Climate modeling identified that s......r. The scientists also measured the test subjects' oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production rates to gauge the metabolic cost of generating electricity with the backpack. The scientists discovered that the Suspended-load Backpack altered the gait of the test wearers, causing them to walk more eff...New tooth enamel dating technique could help identify disaster victims
...ropped substantially as the carbon-14 reacted with oxygen to form carbon dioxide, which was taken up by plants during photosynthesis and mixed with the oceans. "Because we eat plants and animals that live off plants, the carbon-14 concentration in our bodies closely parallels that in the atmosphere at any o...Purdue scientists see biochemistry's future - with quantum physics
...hat are 'forbidden' - such as hemoglobin's binding oxygen in our lungs when we breathe. But they do happen n...nucleus unpaired. When a red blood cell encounters oxygen in our lungs, its hemoglobin is able to grasp some of the oxygen with some of these unpaired electro...Researcher: Toxic flood lifts lid on common urban pollution problem
...ed particles of material, as well as high chemical oxygen demand, an indicator of the presence of organic ch...her aquatic life because they reduce the levels of oxygen in the water, impinging on its ability to support life. Particulates cloud water, reducing sunlight ...Experts develop global action plan to save amphibians facing extinction
...n land and in water, and their porous skins absorb oxygen and water, amphibians could be the first group to feel the effects of environmental changes from pollution, climate change and other causes....MERIS monitoring tracks planetary photosynthesis levels
...o chemical energy, along the way producing all the oxygen we breathe. The fraction of incoming solar radiation useful for photosynthesis that is actually absorbed by vegetation a value known as the Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FAPAR) is well-recognised as an indicator of it...Inheritance, smoking spawn mysterious and deadly lung disease
...progress such that the lungs can no longer deliver oxygen to the body's tissues. Although physicians often prescribe a combination of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapies, the only clearly effective treatment is lung transplantation. Last year, a treatment that had shown early promise in allev...Preserving a 460 year old wreck
...ir research concluded that sulphur in contact with oxygen could pose conservation problems. Over time, sulph...n and sulphur compounds, and reducing humidity and oxygen access, are requirements for long-term preservation. At the Mary Rose Trust they are already invest...Oxygen increase caused mammals to triumph, researchers say
.... The first, high resolution continuous record of oxygen concentration in the earth's atmosphere shows that a sharp rise in oxygen about 50 million years ago gave mammals the evolutionary boost they needed to dominate the planet, a...EPA-led group finds same protein that attracts nutrient iron protects lung from particles
...in cellular iron uptake, and limiting the reactive oxygen species generated by iron and other redox-active metals." Next steps Ghio said the mechanisms uncovered in their experiments so far indicate that "if we follow the iron, we may be able to change the types of toxic reactions to all kinds of particul...Discovery links blood cell defect to common lung disorder, leads to novel treatment
DURHAM, N.C. A persistent scarcity of oxygen in body tissues a widespread problem in patients ...when red blood cells are exposed to abnormally low oxygen for long periods, they become depleted of an essential substance that they normally release to relax...Joslin study sheds light on birth defect cause in pregnant women with diabetes
...imic diabetic pregnancy. The researchers knew that oxygen is needed by cells to break down glucose and produce energy, and that normally, when oxygen is consumed, more oxygen is delivered to tissues by increasing blood flow to those tissues. However,...Research advances understanding of how hydrogen fuel is made
...tion that lets them see how and where hydrogen and oxygen travel to reach and exit an enzyme's catalyst site...p solve a long-standing economics problem. Because oxygen permanently binds to hydrogen in the H cluster, the production of hydrogen gas is halted. As a resul...