Researchers identify fifth gene responsible for Joubert syndrome
...entify asymptomatic carriers who might unknowingly pass the condition to their future children. In addition to identifying a fifth gene for JS, the study also sheds light on the role of cilia in this disease and possibly others. Primary cilia are tiny projections on cell surfaces that allow the inside o...A new plant-bacterial symbiotic mechanism promising for crop applications
...nutritive elements to the bacteria which in return pass on the nitrogen they have stored up. These interactions improve crop yields of leguminous plants that are crucial for human diet (soybean, peas, ground nuts and so on) and as animal feed (alfalfa, clover, sainfoin). In addition, cultivation of leg...Simulations unravel outer membrane transport mechanism
...ntil the cell is ready to allow large molecules to pass through. Crystallographic studies had shown that...n up enough space for a molecule of vitamin B12 to pass through the barrel. (Click on the link below the image of the system to watch the results of the sim...JCI table of contents -- June 1, 2007
...s that are normally retained in the glomerulus, to pass into the urine. They went on to show that dietary supplementation with ManNAc improved the structure of this membrane and prolonged the life of these animals. In an accompanying commentary, Susan Quaggin from the University of Toronto comments that...UVa researcher studying disease that cripples newborns
...en and women equally. In general, parents with DM1 pass it along to half of their children. Affected sons and daughters usually begin exhibiting symptoms in their teens or twenties. Although symptoms tend to get more severe and appear earlier in life with each successive generation, some people inherit su...Mother birds 'engineer' their offspring
...nisms to a changing environment. In birds, mothers pass androgens to their eggs, and these hormones have been shown to influence the development and behavior of nestlings. Since these effects may persist in adulthood, it has been suggested that avian mothers may engineer, so to speak, the adult phenotype ...HIV in breast milk killed by flash-heating, new study finds
...s digestive tract, making it easier for viruses to pass through. For this reason, WHO guidelines have recommended that after six months of exclusively breastfeeding, HIV-positive mothers wean their babies as soon as other foods are available. Even then, while weaning may decrease the risk of HIV transmi...Left-right wiring determined by neural communication in the embryonic worm
...adband" communication channels through which cells pass many kinds of molecules and electrical signals -- that allow growing neurons on the left and right to communicate with each other, a system that dissolves as the worm develops. Every neuron in the adult C. elegans has been mapped and named. Handedn...DNA-damage test could aid drug development
...o successful drugs, promising drug candidates must pass toxicity tests before entering clinical trials. Researchers from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Whitehead Institute have developed a cell culture test for assessing a compound's genetic toxicity that may prove dramatically cheaper than exi...DNA sieve -- Nanoscale pores can be tiny analysis labs
...zed polymer chains (a model for biomolecules) that pass through or block the channel. Traditionally, unkn..., by an applied electric current. As the molecules pass through the channel, the current flow is reduced in proportion to the size of each individual chain,...Pigs carry hepatitis E virus (HEV), which they can pass on to humans. But now research from Japan publishe...rates, there is actually a higher chance pigs will pass on HEV to humans at slaughter. Kunio Satou and Hiroshi Nishiura analysed blood test data from 2,50......inute trace of a harmless isotope, which they then pass on to their offspring. The team's findings were ...bond butterflyfish with a barium isotope. Females pass the isotope to their offspring and it lodges in their offspring's ear-bones (otoliths). "The iso...Arming the fight against resistant bacteria
...ng the dreaded MRSA. In the end, relatively few pass muster - so far, about two percent - but the ability to synthesize and screen such large numbers of candidates should still allow them to identify large numbers of new possibilities. The whole process of building and testing each batch of 50 to 200 ...Brain networks strengthened by closing ion channels
...he production of cAMP and allow the information to pass through into the cell, connecting the network. These receptors are stimulated by a natural brain chemical-norepinephrine-or by medications like guanfacine. "Guanfacine can strengthen the connectivity of these networks by keeping these channels closed...Nutrients in certain vegetables may provide cancer-fighting benefit
...spread of cancer by forming new blood vessels that pass oxygen and nutrients to tumor cells. "Angiogenesis is a major issue in cancer metastases," said Dr. Singh. "Our results provide promising preliminary evidence that constituents of many edible cruciferous vegetables may slow down, or even halt, thi...Biologists prove critical step in membrane fusion
...h another membrane, creating channels packages can pass through. This process, known as membrane fusion, is fundamental to health and disease. It occurs at fertilization and is particularly critical to keep hormones circulating and brain cells firing. Membrane fusion is also how HIV and other viruses in...Researchers find gene mutation that causes infertility in male mice
...o carry it remain fertile but carry the defect and pass the mutation on to future generations. However, female carriers show higher rates of abnormalities during meiosis, which can potentially cause chromosome imbalances and birth defects, the researchers discovered. In addition, the researchers found tha...Little lifesavers -- Nanoparticles improve delivery of medicines and diagnostics
...s of meters. The nanoparticles are too large to pass through the membrane of normal cells, but will pass through larger defects in the capillaries in rapidly growing solid tumors, Prud'homme said. Partic...News tips from ACS Chemical Biology
...ormally cannot enter cells on its own allows it to pass through the cell membrane unaided. More about the fight against antibiotic-resistant bacteria by understanding the structure and function of an enzyme that helps synthesize an antibiotic called a lipopeptide. How cells target proteins to th......biofluids around. "We pump a sample into the tube, pass some light through it, and send it along its way?and then were all set to pump in the next one," said Berger....