B cells are required for development of epithelial cancer associated with chronic inflammation
...r development. "Together, these data indicate that peripheral B cell activation is an essential step for early epithelial neoplastic development, and B cell-derived soluble mediators are necessary for establishing chronic inflammatory states that potentiate cancer development," explains Dr. Coussens. "Pharmacol...Scientists use gene transfer technology and common virus to block neuropathic pain
... technology, using a herpes viral vector, to treat peripheral neuropathic pain in animals. Based on their succes...t can selectively block incoming pain signals from peripheral nerves," says Fink. "If we can block transmission of the signal at the first neural synapse, it will...JCI table of contents July 1, 2005
... in young animals by deletion in the thymus and by peripheral tolerance, but with age they can mature and cause disease. These studies of a spontaneous T-cell avidity maturation response advance our understanding of the progression of autoimmune diabetes. Title: Developmental control of CD8+ T-cell avidity ma...Scientists report tissue engineering success
...urces of conduit are always needed in coronary and peripheral vascular surgery. Here, we have engineered blood vessels from vascular cells in elderly men. Our work represents a crucial initial step towards growing blood vessels that could be used to treat patients with vascular disease." In an accompanying comm...Cloning advance: Researchers demonstrate direct transfer of terminally differentiated cell nuclei
...e from the nuclei of differentiated cells, such as peripheral blood lymphocytes and olfactory sensory neurons. However, unlike most other clones, those formed with the nuclei of differentiated cells were generated by a two-step nuclear-transfer procedure that might allow the donor genome further reprogramming. ...Macromolecules on surface control mobility in phospholipid bilayers
...n that in cellular environments, the adsorption of peripheral membrane proteins to the outside of a cell wall may affect not just the mobility of the lipids directly beneath, but also those on the other side of the membrane. "This process might then enable the subtle, further changes that proteins make on cell ...SPECT imaging can evaluate stem cell therapy effectiveness in patients with coronary heart disease
...tion. "Due to its noninvasiveness and convenience, peripheral stem cell therapy will be widely used in patients with ischemic heart disease," said Lee. "Gated myocardial SPECT will help evaluate treatment effect and suggest the underlying mechanism whereby the damaged heart muscles improve after stem cell infus...North & South American researchers find architectural abnormalities in T. cruzi ribosome
...ic organisms have only slight differences in their peripheral elements, such as specialized tools to send newly ...arger than anything we've seen anywhere, as far as peripheral additions in ribosomes are concerned," Frank said. "It's almost freestanding." The exact purpose of ...JCI table of contents August 1, 2005
... derived from the CD4+CD25- population. Title: A peripheral circulating compartment of natural nave CD4+ Tregs AUTHOR CONTACT: Danila Valmori Columbia University, New York, NY USA Phone: 212-305-3923; Fax: 212-305-7348; E-mail: dv2117@columbia.edu View the PDF of this article at: https://www.the-jci.org/a...Joslin-chaired study shows new compound may decrease vision loss in diabetes
...side effects of treatment may include reduction in peripheral vision or night vision. The purpose of the PKC-Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) was to evaluate the safety and effect of an oral treatment, RBX, on retinopathy progression or visual loss in patients with moderately severe to very severe nonprolifera...OT, VP studied as novel psychiatric drug sources; consider gender-specific drug models
...ary hormones oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) on peripheral systems in lactation, uterine contraction and urin...ormonal effects of these two pituitary hormones on peripheral systems. Pitocin, an oxytocin-like molecule, was developed and commonly used to induce contractions...Customized gene chip provides rapid detection of genetic changes in children's cancer
...cancer found in infants, neuroblastoma strikes the peripheral nervous system, often appearing as a solid tumor i...on is present in the sample. "We can test DNA from peripheral blood and from the tumor, and we should see a loss of signal in the cancer," said Dr. Fortina. He no...The body's biological clock: alcohol may lead to physiological anarchy
...s are normally set for rest. Such activity resets peripheral rhythms away from that of the master clock and disorder ensues until activity rhythms are realigned with that of the SCN." Alcohol may interact with different human physiological systems that are subject to circadian rhythmicity. "Alcohol can di...Solving the mystery of mutated proteins and the brain
...in-1. Senseless is important in development of the peripheral nerve system in flies. The Zoghbi-Bellen team found that ataxin-1 decreases levels of senseless and affects the development of the nervous system. Equally important, they found that ataxin-1also decreases levels of the senseless counter-part in mice...Studies find possible drug targets for improving vascular health
....-The enzyme nitric oxide synthase plays a role in peripheral vascular disease, a common disease that impairs th...ove blood flow and arteriogenesis in patients with peripheral vascular disease by using a single cytokine will have limited utility unless impairments in the enzy...Pinpointing the cause of a neurodegenerative disorder
...ses in Ataxin-1 reduced levels of Senseless during peripheral nervous system development, causing developmental abnormalities. Additional experiments demonstrated that enhanced levels of normal and abnormal human Ataxin-1 produced even more serious pathology in the flies. The researchers then showed that the sa...Scientists discover the molecular switch for nerve cells' insulating jelly rolls
...nts, they transplanted unmyelinated axons from the peripheral nervous system (outside of the brain and spinal cord) of embryonic mice into laboratory dishes. They then added Schwann cells to the dishes. They observed that the Schwann cells sat on the axons and did not produce any myelin. In the next set of exp...A water tale for all seasons: When it comes to hydration and exercise, the system works
...tion) does not increase the risk of hypothermia or peripheral cold injury" such as frostbite, the Cheuvront paper reported....... that MAO A was fairly well "intact" in all of the peripheral organs except in smokers' lungs, said Fowler. Smokers had MAO A levels that were 50 percent lower than in nonsmokers, she said, noting that a prior study had also shown a significant reduction of MAO A in smokers' brains. MAO A breaks down many compo...