News tips from The Journal of Neuroscience
...oskeletal proteins at paranodes in the central and peripheral nervous system. An enzymatic treatment that caused myelin retraction from the axon left II spectrin and ankyrinB staining intact, identifying them as axonal proteins. AnkyrinB localization required Caspr, but not the juxtaparanodal protein Caspr2, in...Chronic neuropathic, 'phantom' pain comes from affected nerve and spinal cord, not brain
...y, Bundoora, Australia. Importance of identifying peripheral nerves as key target Marshall Devor, a professor ...ystem isn't involved, but they have shown that the peripheral nerve probably is highly involved." Devor wrote an editorial in the Journal accompanying the Balasub...Increased sensitivity to nerve signals keeps diabetes at bay
...said. "Much of this controversy has arisen because peripheral parasympathetic nerves release at least five different neurotransmitters, and increased parasympathetic outflow affects the function of many organs and tissues that have important metabolic functions." The researchers overcame those difficulties in t...News tips from The Journal of Neuroscience
...cantly, naive human SKPs transplanted into injured peripheral nerve or neonatal mouse brain to neonatal shiverer mouse brains differentiated in vivo and formed compact myelin....Joslin study refutes recent report that bone marrow can replenish female oocytes
...ase by suggesting that transplanted bone marrow or peripheral blood cells were capable of generating new oocytes...The MGH study had raised hopes that bone marrow or peripheral blood cell transplants could be used to restore fertility in women having difficulty conceiving, or ...Neurons grown from embryonic stem cells restore function in paralyzed rats
...undred transplant-derived axons extending into the peripheral nervous system, more than in any other group. The ...at the recovery was due to connections between the peripheral nervous system and the transplanted neurons. "We've previously shown that stem cells can protect at-...Genes linked to daily flux in drug toxicity
... researchers said. Drivers of circadian rhythms in peripheral cells--such as the three PAR bZip proteins: DBP, TEF, and HLF--mediate rhythmic physiology by regulating the activity of still other genes. Earlier studies by Schibler's group found that mice lacking one or two of the PAR bZip proteins exhibit only...Making a face: A new and earlier marker of neural crest development
...leton, pigment cells of the skin, and cells of the peripheral nervous system. In humans, cleft palate, heart valve malformations and various tumors are among the common malformations associated with disruption of neural crest development. Chick embryos have well-characterized stages and are a valuable mode...$1.4 million grant helps professor see the light
...crimination tasks like reading, while rods provide peripheral vision and vision in low light. Central to rod and cone visual signaling is the phosphodiesterase (PDE) protein. This enzyme is activated by light and is directly responsible for the nerve impulse that signals the perception of light. "It's therefo...Heart has enough oxygen to survive hypothermia, CPR crucial
...that is normal. Doctors often cannot even detect a peripheral pulse to determine whether the heart is beating, Tveita said. In fact, victims of hypothermia may appear to be dead, even when they are not. Understanding the body's physiological response to hypothermia became a popular research topic 40 years ago...Research simplifies diagnosis of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
...ease is the most common hereditary disorder of the peripheral nervous system, leading to a weakening of the muscles in the lower legs, feet and hands as the nerves that run from the spinal cord to the muscles die off. The syndrome is extremely variable: some patients hardly notice it, while others become confin...Viral genetic differences are possible key to HIV dementia
...lly different from HIV that lives in the blood and peripheral tissues. Moreover, serious cognitive impairment among the study subjects was correlated with the presence of a particular mutation in the HIV envelope gene. The study appears in the July 2006 issue of Brain. It was led by Satish K. Pillai, PhD, ...Columbia University receives $16.9 million NIEHS award to study arsenic in ground water
...well as non-carcinogenic effects such as diabetes, peripheral neuropathy and cardiovascular diseases, public health intervention strategies to reduce arsenic exposure are critical." The latest Superfund grant also includes a component studying the effects of environmental arsenic on children's health. While ...UC Davis study finds HIV hiding from drugs in gut, preventing immune recovery
... in reducing viral loads and increasing T-cells in peripheral blood, it is not so effective in gut mucosa," said Satya Dandekar, professor and chair of the Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology at UC Davis Health System and senior author of the study. "The real battle between the virus and exposed...How the adrenal 'clock' keeps the body in synch
...dentified a mechanism that bridges the gap between peripheral clock gene oscillations and the control of cortico...offered "bona fide evidence" for the presence of a peripheral circadian clock in the adrenal glands. To find out how the adrenal clock ticks, the researchers fi...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
... not all, of the parasol RGCs in a 35 mm circle of peripheral retina. To reduce the number of possible input patterns for n cells from ∼2 n , the authors applied two constraints. Each input pattern contacts only two cells, establishing pairwise connectivity, and all connected cells must be adjacent. T...Unusual data shed new light on brain and inhibiting behavior
...om looking at a secondary object placed into their peripheral vision. They also initiated multiple saccades at a rapid pace and in much higher levels than adults, and did so 150 milliseconds sooner than adults, "which in brain time is an eternity," van Donkelaar said. "In the 4-to-6-year-old and the 7-to-9-ye...Spinal cord bridge bypasses injury to restore mobility
... around the initial large lesion with a segment of peripheral nerve taken from the leg of the same animal that s...re than 100 years, researchers have used grafts of peripheral nerves from the rib area or parts of the leg. While peripheral nerves can be used successfully as g...Study aims to identify schizophrenics at risk for type 2 diabetes
...e abnormalities of their fingertips, ear shape and peripheral nerves in their muscles. Psychotic symptoms typically start in late adolescence or early adulthood. "Although psychosis is what we often treat and what tends to be noticeable and dramatic and bring people to medical attention, it's just part of the p......BMX The symptoms of coronary artery disease and peripheral arterial disease are caused by decreased blood flo...ed by ischemia, such as coronary heart disease and peripheral arterial disease. TITLE: Critical function of Bmx/Etk in ischemia-mediated arteriogenesis and angi...