Chemical compounds restore normal glucose levels and insulin action in obese mice
...NK activation and suppression of insulin action in peripheral tissues. Administration of TUDCA in a different set of ob/ob and wild-type mice normalized blood glucose levels within one week of treatment of the obese mice. TUDCA helped improve insulin response by reducing ER stress and suppressing JNK gene act...Meet Europe's top neurobiologists in Leuven, Belgium
...teral Sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), or peripheral neuropathies. Bacterial or viral infections of the brain can lead to meningitis, a serious inflammation of the brain. Obstructed blood flow can cause a stroke, and tumors can result in structural damage to the brain. Some disorders − including ...Scientists: Wildlife corridors benefit plant biodiversity, native plants
...t, a corridor connects the central clearing to one peripheral clearing, with the others remaining isolated. Plants and animals thrive in the clearings, which consist of longleaf pine savannah, an endangered habitat. They do not do well in the areas of surrounding forest. The difference between the habitats is s...JCI table of contents: September 7, 2006
...n atheroprotective role for SR-BI in the liver and peripheral tissues AUTHOR CONTACT: Thierry Huby Hpital de la Piti, Paris, France. Phone: 33-142-17-78-60; Fax: 33-145-82-81-98; E-mail: huby@chups.jussieu.fr . View the PDF of this article at: https://www.the-jci.org/article.php?id=26893 DERMATOLOGY: ......the routes used by nerve fibers after an injury to peripheral nerves. As a first step, the researchers led by Norbert Sewald (Bielefeld) and Melitta Schachner (Hamburg) combed through a very large number of linear peptide chains with random amino acid sequences, searching for peptides that could be recognized ...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...ected chain of neurons that relay information from peripheral chemoreceptors to the central respiratory column.......ology in the fruit fly, Drosophila. The Drosophila peripheral nervous system contains four classes of dendritic arborization (da) sensory neurons, which differ in their stereotyped dendritic branching pattern. Dr. Jan and colleagues demonstrate that the gene spineless (ss) regulates the branching patterns of th...microRNA function in neurogenesis
...of sensory organ precursor cells in the Drosophila peripheral nervous system (PNS). mir-9a-mutant embryos form additional PNS neurons, and mutant adults wings display extra sensory bristles. The researchers show that mir-9a post-transcriptionally represses the transcription factor, Senseless, to regulate the pr...Burnham awarded $12.7 million from NIH to create one of nation's top neuroscience research centers
...of the complex linkages of nerves in the brain and peripheral nervous system), developmental neurobiology (examining growth and migration of cells in the developing brain, including stem cells), specific neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, as well as normal degenerative processe...Gene linked to autism in families with more than one affected child
...airments. They focused on a gene that affects such peripheral functions as well as the development of the cortex...iant might play a role in impairing both brain and peripheral organ development. "We know that autism is the most heritable of neuropsychiatric disorders, but, ...OHSU School of Dentistry team discovers potential new target for treating craniofacial pain problems
...ion of trigeminal nerve cells releases CGRP at the peripheral end of the cells, widening blood vessels in the brain coverings called meninges. Widening the blood vessels increases the flow of blood through the meninges and initiates an inflammatory process that likely contributes to the pain experience. Recent...Major breakthrough in the mechanism of myelin formation
...atment of diseases such as multiple sclerosis, and peripheral neuropathies. At a basic level, our nervous sys...integrity of myelin such as multiple sclerosis, or peripheral neuropathies, have dramatic consequences like paralysis, uncoordinated movements, and neuropathic pa...Newly discovered proteins associated with cystic fibrosis
...trachea, and from lower down in the airway, in the peripheral lung, where gas exchange takes place. This lower ...ys and is absent in the gas-exchange tissue of the peripheral lung. LPLUNC1 is found in both the small airways and in the upper airways SPLUNC2 is found in......es, nerve toxins and electrical or other damage to peripheral nerves. Sometimes, doctors are unable to find a cause. Symptoms can include numbness and pain that feels like constant burning, "pins and needles," sharp shooting pain, electricity or electrical shock, or tingling. People with neuropathic pain ofte...Freshwater snails are surprisingly fast-moving invaders
...d have been much slower had it started from a more peripheral introduction point; or had the numbers and sizes of rivers been lower. Researchers "can tell how much of the invasion is influenced by chance events," explain the authors. Adds Facon: "The method itself can be used for any species as soon as one h...HIV-1 kills immune cells in the gut that may never bounce back
...the GI tract, and comparing that to cells from the peripheral blood, Markowitz, Mehandru and their collaborators...vaccine going to be if you get immune responses in peripheral blood but there's nothing in tissue"" Markowitz says. "It's pretty clear that a successful vaccine w...Origin of inherited pain disorder pinpointed
... specific mutations in porelike sodium channels in peripheral nerve cellsa discovery that they said emphasizes t...to rapidly snap shut, prolonging activation of the peripheral nerves in which the channels functioned. What's more, the researchers found, the drug carbamazepinek...Stem cells found in adult hair follicles may provide alternative to embryonic stem cells
...ultiple sclerosis, Hirschsprung's disease, stroke, peripheral neuropathies and ALS. Certain defects of the heart, and bone defects (degeneration, craniofacial birth defects) could also be treated through neural crest stem cell replacement therapy. Together, these conditions affect over 11 million people today i...Researchers find biological clock for smell in mice
...ping central time, and then there are all of these peripheral clocks for timing tasks like sleep-wake, vigilan...sion, though not all yet found. It may be that the peripheral clocks are like individual wristwatches that we must periodically reset." Perhaps most surprising i...How appetite-stimulating brain cells work overtime during fasting
...to the one that regulates core body temperature in peripheral body tissues, Diano added. Thyroid hormones are ... be the key brain site that responds to changes in peripheral tissue metabolism--had remained less clear. However, scientists did know that that portion of the br...