Phenotype is influenced by nature, nurture and noise
...evel of a fly, cat, or human." Changes in a cell's phenotype may be triggered by environmental factors, by programmed genetic instructions, or more subtly by built-in delays in biochemical pathways that generate oscillations, sometimes in 24-hour circadian periods. Hasty, graduate students Dmitri Bratsun and D...Flip-flopped chromosome reveals a first clue to Tourette syndrome
...tion of multiple genes is borne out by the complex phenotype of the syndrome, which is often associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or depression, said State. To search for a TS-related gene, State and his colleagues adapted an approach used by Lifton to search...JCI table of contents November, 2005
...a few autoimmune T-cell clones responsible for the phenotype expand. In a new study appearing on November 1 in ...RM report another novel clinical and immunological phenotype associated with recessive RAG1 hypomorphic mutations in 4 patients from 4 different families. The p...AKT cancer cell pathway demonstrates unexpected function
... migration is an essential feature of the invasive phenotype of cancer cells, relatively little information has been available on AKT's role in this key function. As a result, the discovery that this kinase actually blocks cancer cell motility and invasion was totally unexpected. "We asked ourselves, 'how is t......e liberation of energy. Nevertheless, in a single phenotype of obesity there are multiple causes. The current epidemic of obesity is mostly due to sedentary living habits and the changes of living habits, rather than to any particular genetic alteration. Without a doubt, the development and perpetuation of o...Researchers evolve a complex genetic trait in the laboratory
...inery. "Homeostatic mechanisms tend to stabilize a phenotype such as color and, therefore, allow the accumulation of underlying, covert mutations just as an electrical capacitor acts to accumulate charge. And eventually, these mutations could 'break out' of that constraint to produce a sudden phenotypic change...Genetic and environmental influences on alcohol consumption among rhesus monkeys
...re is always the problem of precise measurement of phenotype and controlling for environmental variation in human studies which is not as great an issue in animal studies."...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
.... Tottering ( tg ) mice show a similar epileptic phenotype that results directly or indirectly from a mutation in Ca v 2.1 P/Q-type calcium channels. The tg mutant channels have reduced calcium influx. Sasaki et al. this week provide evidence that reduction of feedforward inhibition from thalamus to cortex...Mutation in a single gene switches a fungus-grass symbiosis from mutualistic to antagonistic
...cular oxygen to superoxide. The altered symbiotic phenotype is due to a mutation (caused by the insertion of a segment of foreign DNA) in the E. festucae noxA gene. NADPH oxidase catalyzes the production of ROS or superoxides by transferring electrons from NADPH (a ubiquitous electron donor in nature) to mol...Blood pressure medication may revolutionize treatment of Marfan syndrome
...Dietz: How could a disease with such a complicated phenotype - overgrowth of bones, thickened mitral valves, cr... Since aortic aneurysm is the only Marfan syndrome phenotype associated with significant mortality, the researchers chose to focus on that problem first. They we...Keck Futures Initiative announces grant recipients
...nding the link between the genomic information and phenotype and the eventual disease. CHRISTOPHER PLOWE and SHANNON TAKALA, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore GENETIC DIVERSITY AND EFFICACY OF MALARIA DRUGS AND VACCINES - $75,000 These researchers will develop new genomic tools to assess how...Genetic variants and breast cancer risk, genetics and suicidal behavior, and more
...athway from genes to phenotype. If suicide is the phenotype of interest--the final product of different geneti...arger prize: uncovering the molecular basis of the phenotype itself." The authors discuss the possibility that personality traits could be an endophenotype for ...JCI table of contents, May 18, 2006
...ular carcinomas with poor prognosis and aggressive phenotype AUTHOR CONTACT: Snorri S. Thorgeirsson National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Phone: (301) 496-5688; Fax: (301) 496-0734; E-mail: snorri_s_thorgeirsson@mail.nih.gov . View the PDF of this article at: https://www.the-jci.org/article.php...A gene predisposing to pituitary tumors identified
...ify additional affected distant relatives. The PAP phenotype very low penetrance susceptibility to somatotropinoma and prolactinoma - did not fit well to any of the known familial pituitary adenoma syndromes. These syndromes are defined by familial occurrence of the disease, and the low penetrance of PAP appe...Researchers attack tumor cells by exploiting dependency on sugar metabolism
...to lactate. Scientists believe that the glycolytic phenotype enables rapidly proliferating tumor cells to survi...umor survival and the interplay between glycolytic phenotype and mitochondrial metabolism. The researchers used a sophisticated genetic technique to reduce level......n, Whitham and fellow researchers discuss how this phenotype is heritable on an ecosystem level. That is, the progeny of a tree are likely to support the same communities of organisms and ecosystem processes that their parents supported. It's a premise with far-reaching implications. Consider, for example, co...JCI table of contents: July 27, 2006
...ltered blood pressure responses and normal cardiac phenotype in ACE2-null mice AUTHOR CONTACT: Thomas M. Coffman Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Phone: (919) 286-6947; Fax: (919) 286-6879; E-mail: tcoffman@acpub.duke.edu . View the PDF of this article at: https...Evidence of rapid evolution is found at the tips of chromosomes
...g POT1 to the DNA, then we should observe the same phenotype if we removed POT1." To determine if this was the case, graduate student Dirk Hockemeyer, the first author of the paper, decided to remove the POT1 gene from mice. Humans have one POT1 gene, so de Lange and Hockemeyer were more than a bit surprised...Researcher gives hard thoughts on soft inheritance
...hat you're getting fed in the womb influences your phenotype physical and physiological attributes." Another study showed that early grooming and nurturing of rat pups by rat moms affects methylation of a glucocorticoid receptor gene in the hippocampus in the brain. If the pups get lots of nurturing......e model of sepsis the macrophage immunosuppressive phenotype is associated with increased levels of IL-1 receptorassociated kinase-M (IRAK-M) -- which is a negative regulator of signaling through several cellular sensors of microbial components (TLRs). Compared with septic wild-type mice, septic IRAK-Mdeficien...