Cincinnati study of Chernobyl residents uncovers new cause of thyroid cancer
...e two types of tumors, with a higher proportion of point mutations occurring in sporadic thyroid cancers and intrachromosomal inversion responsible for a larger percentage of radiation-induced tumors. At this stage, the signaling pathway activated as a result of these mutational events (known as the MAPK p...Study examines relationship of vitamin A pathway to breast tumor progression
...ce of deficient vitamin A storage is a fundamental point that needs to be studied further, but if CRBP-I is indeed essential, then epidemiologic studies attempting to correlate human vitamin A status with cancer incidence may have been partly misguided." In an editorial, Reuben Lotan, M.D., of the Universi...Pinatubo's rivers show the danger isn't over when volcanic eruption ends
...me of the rivers studied have not recovered to the point of having stable channels, which are necessary for a return of aquatic species and a general ecological recovery. Gran is a lead author of a paper detailing the research on how streams on volcanoes recover, published Jan. 5 in the Geological Society...The death of a very special chimpanzee
... his poodle Shadow, Clint was the living reference point for millions of dollars' worth of genetic code. One of the reasons he was chosen was his youth and clean bill of health: if researchers needed to take more tissue samples to validate the DNA sequence, he would be around to provide them. And as insigh...Scientists decipher genome of bacterium that helps clean up major groundwater pollutants
...ng prevalence of the pollutants. As evidence, they point out that about 13.6 percent of the D. ethenogenes genome consists of integrated elements and four of the RD genes are located in such regions suggesting that they may have been relatively recently added to the microbe's repertoire. The genome of D. ...Scientists discover key genetic factor in determining HIV/AIDS risk
...the average CCL3L1 gene copy number as a reference point for each group, the authors found that individuals with fewer CCL3L1 copies than their population's average were more susceptible to HIV infection and rapid progression to AIDS. People with greater-than-average CCL3L1 gene copies, in contrast, were l...Scientists decipher genome of fungus that can cause life-threatening infections
... a life-threatening cryptococcal infection at some point during the course of their HIV disease. The disease caused by the fungus, cryptococcosis, sometimes involves a fatal brain inflammation. "In developing countries, cryptococcosis has emerged as one of the most common opportunistic infections,...Researchers map genome of deadly fungus
.... "We've discovered several unique attributes that point to new ways to attack the fungus and cure infection." For instance, the C. neoformans develops a unique polysaccharide capsule that envelops the fungus and aids in biosynthesis. Because the study identified about 30 new genes that likely are involv...Individualized medicine emerging from gene-environment studies
...tion in many aspects of health and illness." They point out that some diseases, such as phenylketonuria or Huntington's chorea, have been found to be associated with a single major gene. However, they note, that one gene/one disease scenarios are typically not the case. Rather, because of gene/gene and ...UCLA/VA researchers discover fat gene
...and high blood sugar, we hope that our results may point to new therapies for diabetes," said Reue....Jeans too tight? 50 percent of adults can blame their genes and not just diet and exercise
... changes at 30; you become more sedentary. At some point they tip into being overweight. Those who are overweight tip into becoming obese. It's slow, incremental change. At the same time, we didn't see much evidence that they lost weight during the same time period." Romeis speculates that our increasing...Novel asthma study shows multiple genetic input required; single-gene solution shot down
...uman genetic association studies," the researchers point out that: "A result with this magnitude of effect has not been previously shown using contemporary methods of linkage and association analysis." Building on their surprising results, the Harvard group was able to test consomic Chromosome Substitutio...New evidence indicates biggest extinction wasn't caused by asteroid or comet
...at atmospheric oxygen levels were dropping at this point also," he said. "If that's true, then high and int... got hotter and hotter until it reached a critical point and everything died," Ward said. "It was a double-whammy of warmer temperatures and low oxygen, and ...Scientific heavyweights to speak at Jan. 28 Hopkins symposium
...ins' Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences. "The point is to bring people with various kinds of expertise together to address common research interests using new tools." The six speakers include the two Nobel Laureates with big picture views, a genetic pioneer involved in identifying victims of human rig...Timing is everything: First step in protein building revealed
...e steps take place once the instruction's starting point is found: first a structural change in the ribosom...sk -- roughly 27 bits like eIF1 play a role at one point or another. To tackle the problem, Lorsch and his colleagues move between "timing" studies of the ri...The Cochrane Library Newsletter, 2005, Issue 1
...ce in favour of using oximes. However, the authors point out that the few currently available studies had many limitations. Consequently they call for more research so that a firm conclusion can be drawn. "Hundreds of thousands of people with organophosphate poisoning are treated with ...Lack of potential mates has lead to 'sloppy' gene control and risk of disease for humans
...ill ongoing, then these improvements might at some point be offset by the deterioration of our gene control regions."...Novel approach yields predictions validated by experiments
...metabolism in yeast, it represents a good starting point for modeling this pathway in humans because of similarities in the process, he added. He plans to collaborate on developing such a model with Georgia Tech Professor of Biology Alfred Merrill, whose research focuses on human sphingolipids. In the cur...Molecular probes for biology research and drug discovery
...has been identified, it will be used as a starting point for the analysis of the effect and the identification of the involved target protein. Using genome and proteome analysis, the influence of the protein or the active substance on the complete cell will be investigated. With the generation of this know...... "In essence, a leaf stretches until reaching a point of instability where it can no longer maintain the strain," Mahadevan says. "Like releasing a reversed plastic lid or part of a cut tennis ball, each leaf folds back in on itself, and in the process of returning to its original shape, ensnares the vi...