Sedentary overweight people get insulin boost from short term exercise; CVD risks trend down
...suggest that subtle changes in energy balance that precede measurable fat loss play a key role in mediating the beneficial effects of exercise on whole-body insulin action." Braun added: "The new finding is that the beneficial effect of exercise (in the short-term) appears to be mediated by a subtle mismatch...Cars, not crops, should be chief targets in reducing greenhouse gases
...ed diesel engines and light-weight materials could precede a transition to hydrogen vehicles, which now require fossil fuels or other sources of energy to generate the hydrogen. Coupled with changes in the way that agricultural lands are managed, doubling the fuel efficiency of our nation's vehicles seems a ...Mayo researchers define celecoxib pathways and mechanisms for tumor reduction
...s us to proceed with preclinical studies that must precede clinical trials in order to enable us to develop efficient therapeutic strategies with targeted molecular therapies." Contributing to this report along with Mukherjee were Mayo Clinic cancer researchers Gargi Basu, Ph.D., the lead author on the...Discovery about Vitamin C explains its metabolic value
...nd DNA, the types of biological mutations that can precede cancer. But that study, while valid, does not tell the whole story, the OSU researchers say. "It's true that vitamin C does react with oxidized lipids to form potential genotoxins," said Balz Frei, professor and director of the Linus Pauling Instit...Acid rain likely stunts US forests
... rates. Poor growth rates such as these generally precede high mortality rates in the near future. The declining tree health has occurred despite a warmer and wetter climate in this region that would be expected to improve growth. These results have direct relevance to the United States, where large are...Study finds obesity is associated with an impairment of coronary circulatory function
...unctional impairment of the heart vessels that may precede morphological changes in the further course of the development of coronary artery disease," said Schindler. PET imaging may identify overweight/obese individuals with normal SPECT imaging results, but at increased risk for the progression of coronary...Brain tumors may originate with neural stem cells, researchers say
...oma to begin forming, p53 inactivation must either precede or coincide with the increase in Ras signaling associated with the loss of NF1. Stem cells are unspecialized cells, capable of dividing and renewing themselves for long periods of time. They can give rise to many types of specialized cells, such as ...Targeting a key enzyme with gene therapy reversed course of Alzheimer's disease in mouse models
...ich are insoluble protein clumps in the brain, can precede the onset of dementia by many years. These plaques are formed when enzymes cleave the amyloid precursor protein (APP) releasing the toxic beta amyloid fragments that clump together to form the sticky plaques. One of the enzymes doing the cleaving is ...Tracking membranes of rupturing blood cells sheds light on malaria infection
...ia parasite and tracking the cellular changes that precede the cell bursting event that disperses parasites to other blood cells, a group of researchers has deepened our understanding of how the malaria pathogen destroys the cells in which it resides. The work is reported in Current Biology by Joshua Zimmerb...Spectacular new discoveries arising from deep ocean hot springs
... and 7. A press conference on Monday, Dec. 5, will precede two special sessions on hydrothermal vents Tuesday morning (OS21C and OS22A) and a poster session on Wednesday afternoon (OS33A). Among the discoveries scientists will reveal in those sessions are the first hydrothermal fields found in the Arctic Oce...Chromosome regions containing genes related to alcohol addiction affect drinking behavior in smokers
...hromosome four affect alcohol-use phenotypes that precede alcoholism. The locus on chromosome four involves a cluster of roughly 200 genes, including some that are involved in alcohol metabolism. But saying there's a propensity for alcoholism behavior based on that chromosome location would not be very pre...New technique for detecting ability of flu viruses to infect humans
...ue for detecting changes in flu viruses that would precede a virus's ability to infect humans and cause epidemics. The new, publicly available tool, called a glycan array, could be used to monitor the emergence of flu strains that efficiently infect humans, including those of avian origin. The technology was...Grand challenge seeks carbon sequestration, hydrogen production solutions
...the terrestrial environment," said Pakrasi. "They precede chloroplasts in evolution and are largely responsible for today's oxygen-rich environment. They make significant contributions to harvesting solar energy, sequestering carbon, bio-assimilating metals and the production of hydrogen in marine and fres...Human and chimp genomes reveal new twist on origin of species
... if the dating is correct, the Toumaï fossil would precede the human-chimp split. The fact that it has human-like features suggest that human-chimp speciation may have occurred over a long period with episodes of hybridization between the emerging species." The possibility of "hybridization" -- that is, in...Satellite images obtained by AAAS program provide strong evidence of Zimbabwe repression
...ite images--to find common patterns that appear to precede repressive campaigns....Recent, rapid climate change is driving evolution of animal species
...tic shifts in the timing of seasonal events should precede genetic shifts of thermal optima or increased heat tolerance over evolutionary time," said Holzapfel. "That is the pattern that is emerging. Questions remain about the relative rates of environmental and evolutionary change. However, it is clear t...Higher risk for cervical cancer seen among women infected with multiple HPV types
...e tissue abnormalities, or lesions, that typically precede cervical cancer is much higher for women infected with multiple genotypes of the human papillomavirus (HPV) than previously reported, according to a study published in the July issue of Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. Although doctors ...Links between DNA damage and breast cancer studied
... network of glands and ducts have been reported to precede the malignant conversion of tumor cells, but the actual role of stromal cells in the early stages of breast cancer initiation and progression is not well understood. In two recent papers*, the PNRI/NIST team explored the occurrence of damage to str...Long-term ocean data confirm fishing puts species in 'double jeopardy'
...ara, who believes that the fluctuations identified precede systematic declines of populations: they can be viewed as a kind of early warning sign prior to collapse.......offspring of patients with coronary artery disease precede development of the disease. With this advance notice, we could then start strategies, such as drugs or lifestyle changes, to stop or slow down the disease process." The study was supported by the National Institutes of Health and the American Heart...