Study begins to reveal clues to the cause and progression of sepsis
...ut no sepsis. Our data show that much of what we previously thought about the role the inflammatory response plays in sepsis was wrong or incomplete. We had thought the inflammatory response to infection was relatively short-lived, just a few days, and that it was similar in patients with similar clinical sig...Unravelling new complexity in the genome
...egulated in a cell and tissue-specific manner than previously appreciated and much of this additional regulation occurs in the nervous system. The alternative splicing step allows a single gene to specify multiple protein products by processing the RNA transcripts made from genes (which are translated to make ......enetically distinct tumors. These data highlight a previously unknown function of this receptor and suggest it may be a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of this devastating cancer. ...Features of replication suggest viruses have common themes, vulnerabilities
... bacterial pathogens. "It turns out that viruses previously thought of as distinct share common features," says Paul Ahlquist, an HHMI investigator and virologist at UW-Madison. "We've found some features of replication that appear to cross over among many viruses." Using powerful electron microscopy techni...Newly created cancer stem cells could aid breast cancer research
...ilarities under a microscope. But the cancer cells previously engineered from normal breast cells for laboratory...nly ones able to metastasize. Thus genes that were previously thought to only initiate tumors initiated metastasis, which is the main cause of cancer mortality in...Doernbecher Children's Hospital scientist earns coveted Javits award
...to the developing white matter of the brain. "We previously believed that the developing brain fails to make normalmyelin, because the oligo-cells that make the myelin were completelykilled. Hence, it was thought that the children with CP sustainpermanent abnormalities in movement and intellect," Back explain...Risk of common vaginal infection linked to preterm birth appears higher for blacks
...re than a third of infant deaths twice as many as previously thought, making it the leading cause of infant deaths yet the underlying causes of premature birth are not well understood. Reasons for the observed variance in BV rates among racial groups also are not well understood, Dr. Simhan said. There co...New, more direct pathways from outside the cell-to-cell nuclei discovered
...get into the nucleus, and so it is far easier than previously thought for this material to get into the nucleus." Eve Barak, an NSF program director, describes Gavin's discovery as "an amazing and potentially paradigm-changing observation," and predicts that it "will have an enormous impact on how scientists ...Climate change and permafrost thaw alter greenhouse gas emissions in northern wetlands
... release of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, as previously frozen plant and animal remains became susceptible to decay. This could serve as a positive feedback to climate change, where typically warming causes changes that release more greenhouse gases, which in turn causes more warming, and more emission...Research shows skeleton to be endocrine organ
... and fat deposition through synergistic mechanisms previously not recognized. Usually, an increase in insulin se...iated until now. Karsenty and his colleagues had previously shown that leptin, a hormone released by fat cells, acts upon and ultimately controls bone mass. The...Smithsonian scientists show differing patterns of rainforest biodiversity
...in tropical rainforests globally may be lower than previously thought. The studys results also may help shape strategies for preserving rainforest species. There are some philosophical questions that our data should be useful to address, Miller said. If you can preserve 10,000 hectares of forest, is it bette...The 'female advantage' in kidney disease does not extend to diabetic women
...t be the result of absolute levels of hormones, as previously thought, but to the relative ratio of [sex hormone] androgen to estrogen. It may well be that the ratio of the two hormones is what determines the effect of the hormones in the diabetic kidney." According to Dr. Maric, "The biggest surprise has b...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...re. In this week's Journal , the authors reveal a previously unappreciated complexity in the functional organization of ICC. In anesthetized guinea pigs, the authors stimulated along the isofrequency or rostrocaudal axis in ICC. They measured responses in primary auditory cortex including threshold, evoked pot......g factor in the spread ofweeds is much older than previously thought in one widely studied species,leading biologists say. The findings show that at least in plant evolution, sex with others may bemore trouble than its worth. The mustard-like plant Arabidopsis thaliana lost interest in sex and startedself-...Role of thyroid hormones in slumber under investigation at Rutgers
...tructures. Findings could yield new knowledge on a previously unknown sleep-regulatory substance and potentially answer why existing sleep medications arent the cure-all for everyone. Joseph V. Martin, a professor of biology, is the principle investigator and Alex Roche, an associate professor of chemistry, ...Indo-Pacific coral reefs disappearing more rapidly than expected
...l and western Pacific ocean are dying faster than previously thought, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill researchers have found. Nearly 600 square miles of reef have disappeared per year since the late 1960s, twice the rate of rainforest loss. The reefs are disappearing at a rate of one percent pe...UCLA scientists produce functioning neurons from human embryonic stem cells
...frontal dementia and schizophrenia. Researchers previously had been able to produce neurons - the impulse-conducting cells in the brain and spinal cord - from human embryonic stem cells. However, the percentage of neurons in the cell culture was not high and the neurons were difficult to isolate from the oth...Gene variant is associated with brain anatomy, clinical course of ADHD
...ned thickness in their right parietal cortexa sign previously linked to better outcomes and that parallels ADHDs natural history of improvement with age. Cross-sectional studies have found regional increases in cortical thickness to correlate with cognitive function, including enhanced verbal declarative and ...Link identified between Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma
...d new treatment strategy." Research carried out previously by Dr Cordeiro and colleagues and also funded by the Wellcome Trust suggested that the retina can provide a window into the brain, allowing doctors to diagnose Alzheimer's disease by looking for evidence of nerve cell death. Alzheimer's disease is th......teins it will be possible to determine some of the previously unsuspected properties of a bacterium, including whether it is likely to be pathogenic or not. The method is also showing promise of commercial application as many enzymes sold commercially, such as plant-derived enzymes used for biofuel production, ...