Pendulum love, science class gender gaps, musical mind mirrors, and unparticle physics
...s are built of atoms, which are made of electrons, protons and neutrons. Protons and neutrons in turn are made of quarks. According to Harvard University's Howard Georgi, however, there's at least the theoretical possibility that some matter in the universe is not made of particles at all. Georgi has dubb...Louisiana Tech researchers help find new sub-atomic particle
...s are bound together into larger particles such as protons and neutrons."...Manchester to spearhead 8.3 million particle physics project
...used to produce beams of charged particles such as protons or electrons, which are then used for a wide varie... therapies." Professor Barlow adds that beams of protons or heavier particles such as carbon ions can deposit much more radiation directly in the cancer, whi...Where is the proton? Yale scientists discover footprints of shared protons
...mples." "When we cool the isolated systems, the protons sing out their sharp vibrational frequencies, and ...nse, the oxygen atoms in water molecules chaperone protons between oxygen and nitrogen atoms on organic structures. For example, the primary events in trans-me...Story tips from the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory
...ccelerator in the world, for the highest number of protons in an accumulator ring and for the highest brightness, or protons per pulse onto the mercury target. Three instruments--the backscattering spectrometer and the liquid...Shedding new light on proteorhodopsin
...n is a light-driven proton pump, able to transport protons across cellular membranes in order to create store...tive force (pmf), the electrochemical potential of protons across cellular membranes that bacteria use as the energy source to, among other functions, power th...Cholera pathogen reveals how bacteria generate energy to live
...ost cells, including human cells, use gradients of protons for this energy conservation function, but enzymes that work with sodium ions are ideal for experimental study, according to Barquera. Sodium is easier to trace and its concentration can be changed without affecting pH, which is a complication with p...Quantum biology -- Powerful computer models reveal key biological mechanism
...uding the effect of proton "tunneling" -- allowing protons to move through energy barriers that normal logic would deem impossible. For this project, the researchers used computing facilities at Rensselaer's Scientific Computation Research Center (SCOREC) and the National Center for Supercomputing Applicat......ht. This creates, in addition to molecular oxygen, protons and electrons which in principle can be combined to create hydrogen. If it were possible to copy this process, an inexhaustible source of carbon dioxide-free energy would become available (Science, November 3, 2006). Artificial photosynthesis coul...Scientists convert modern enzyme into its hypothesized ancestor
... oxidase had an acidic residue capable of donating protons to the oxygen to form water while the desaturase d...he acid group into the ideal position for donating protons to the oxygen. "Usually, when enzymes evolve from a common ancestor, there are many amino acids tha...HYPER-CEST MRI breaks new ground in molecular imaging
...ei that are highly abundant in tissue, usually the protons in water. Clinicians use contrasting agents to ind...st from protons. CEST is based on the exchange of protons that takes place between water molecules and other molecules in the body. (Approximately 60-percent ...With record resolution and sensitivity, tool images how life organizes in a cell membrane
...al properties because they have the same number of protons but that differ in mass because they have a different number of neutrons. Isotopes do not change the chemical structure of the molecules that they label. In contrast, the dyes commonly used in biological studies for labeling change the structure of t...Research could lead to dramatic improvement in scanning for serious diseases
...as MRI scanners use the magnetic properties of the protons in water to generate an image, electron spin resonance instruments use the magnetic properties of electrons. This fundamental difference makes electron spin resonance more suited to imaging chemical processes than MRI. However, it also makes it te...One-two particle punch poses greater risk for astronauts
...field in space contains high levels of high-energy protons and much lower levels of high atomic number, high-...e effects of just one type of particle, either the protons or the HZE particles," said Brookhaven biologist Betsy Sutherland, the paper's lead author. "This is...Scientists uncover critical step in DNA mutation
...es. The complex breaks up, transferring one of its protons (a positively charged hydrogen atom) to the neighboring water molecule, making a hydronium ion H3O+. This leaves the guanine neutral, with the rest of the first water molecule attached to it and prepares it for the rest of the already-known steps to ...Case Western Reserve University chemist takes on HIV-1 virus with $1M support from NIH
... a new technique that tracks the fast exchanges of protons for deuterons on the protein's surface. This technique will provide another view of how the protein functions and as well as answers to what happens when the two subunits are apart and then come together. "It has been difficult," said Barkley. "...Engineer designs system to put wastewater to work
... cathodic electrode via a copper wire. The formed protons are transferred through the membrane towards the cathode where they react with electrons and oxygen to form water. This is the second design of the UMFC. Last year, Angenent's design used a cathode on top of the anode. This time, using the U-shap...UCLA scientists strengthen case for life more than 3.8 billion years ago
...most common isotope form of carbon, containing six protons and six neutrons) to 13C (a rarer isotopic form of carbon, containing six protons and seven neutrons). The light carbon, 12C, is more than 3 percent more abundant than scientists wou...One therapeutic dose of radiation causes 30 percent spongy bone loss in mice
...of low-dose radiation of multiple types, including protons and heavy ions, Bateman said. Source "A murine model for bone loss from therapeutic and space-relevant sources of radiation," by S.A. Hamilton, N.D. Travis, J.S. Willey and T.A. Bateman, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson...'Pinball protons' created by ultraviolet rays and other causes can lead to DNA damage
... are numerous targets for processes that knock the protons off. The lesions are breaks in the hydrogen bonds,...ormation, the new study is the first evidence that protons do the same thing. The study in PNAS also has other implications. Researchers are beginning to under...