New grants bolster efforts to generate faster and cheaper tools for DNA sequencing
...ybridization. By designing tagged probes and novel reconstruction algorithms, the team expects to get around the resolution limits that have prevented nanopores from being used for sequencing. Robert Riehn, Ph.D., North Carolina State University, Raleigh $439,000 (2 years) Sequencing DNA by Transverse Electric...Oldest DNA ever recovered suggests earth was warmer than previously believed
...ngs allow us to make a more accurate environmental reconstruction of the time period from which these samples were taken, and what we've learned is that this part of the world was significantly warmer than most people thought," said Martin Sharp, a glaciologist at the University of Alberta and a co-author of the pa...Researchers use adult stem cells to create soft tissue
...tients own stem cells to develop tissue for facial reconstruction following disfiguring injuries from war, cancer surgery or accidents. The Columbia research team, led by Jeremy Mao, D.D.S., Ph.D., associate professor of dental medicine, aims to create long-lasting soft tissue implants from mesenchymal stem cells...Ancient retrovirus sheds light on modern pandemic
...information to make a partial viral genome. During reconstruction the viral segment was debilitated, enabling only one round of infection in cells. Working with cells in the laboratory, the researchers found that the human antiviral protein TRIM5a effectively neutralizes this extinct retrovirus, which never success...Crammed with charged DNA, pressure rises inside virus
...ent meal. But it is a 3-D cryoelectron microscope reconstruction of the cross-section of a virus, before and after cramming itself full of its own DNA. The virus, phi29, has a tiny motor that pumps its DNA into the capsidouter shellduring the assembly process. The potential energy of the tightly coiled DNA may ...Colorado River streamflow history reveals megadrought before 1490
...15 percent below normal. The new tree-ring-based reconstruction documents the year-by-year natural variability of streamflows in the upper Colorado River basin back to A. D. 762, said the tree-ring scientists from The University of Arizona in Tucson who led the research team. The work extends the continuous tr...Research group gets $7 million to pursue new antibiotic agents
...phosphonate biosynthetic pathways; the biochemical reconstruction of those pathways that have antibiotic or other therapeutic potential; the bioengineering of medically useful phosphonates and their biosynthetic enzymes for economical production; and the use of the latest mass spectrometric technology to discover a...Research project tackles 'regeneration' gap
...ms that can then be applied to more complex tissue reconstruction needed in human organisms." Although human organ systems such as the liver are quite capable of regeneration, the brain has only a small quantity of adult stems cells to fight disease or injuries. Similarly, the body has limited capacity to repair ...Man's earliest direct ancestors looked more apelike than previously believed
...tistry professor has found. A computer-generated reconstruction by Dr. Timothy Bromage, a paleoanthropologist and ...ecifically, he is the first scientist to produce a reconstruction of the skull that questions renowned paleontologist and archeologist Richard Leakey"s depiction of m...Mine runoff continues to provide clues to microbial diversification
...metry support from ORNL researchers with extensive reconstruction of genomes from community genomic data at UC Berkeley was key to this work, said Jill Banfield, who led the project. Banfield, a professor in UC Berkeleys Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, expects this to have far-reaching i...An architectural plan of the cell
... microscope and combined these snapshots into a 3D reconstruction on the computer. A similar principle is used to generate brain scans. For the first time they could see directly what previous studies in fission yeast only suggested. In times when a cell is not dividing a microtubule bundle consists of 4-5 individ......fferent 'stations' of the information pathway. The reconstruction revealed that the cerebellum is organised into a number of modules or connections aligned in parallel. Up until now it had been thought that the climbing fibre and mossy fibre systems were organised in completely different manners. However, according...Bats in flight reveal unexpected aerodynamics
...in the bat's wing stroke. The detail of this first reconstruction is limited by the rate at which the laser setup can collect data, but it is clear that the aerodynamics of the bat's up stroke are quite different than what is seen in birds and insects. During the down stroke, the vortex which generates much of the...Software, evolution and micro-inversions -- improving the building of phylogenetic trees
...istory of evolution and can introduce error to the reconstruction of phylogenetic trees. With InvChecker, the researchers analyzed the CFTR region in a collection of mammal species. CFTR is a heavily studied and highly conserved, gene rich area of human chromosome 7 that is home to the cystic fibrosis gene. Its q...Leibniz Prize winners 2007 announced
...t interpretations of Homers works and prepared the reconstruction of a lost Aristotelian treatise on the Pythagoreans by using Aristotle quotations found in other authors writings. Together with Alain Martin, he edited the Strasbourg Empedocles papyrus. For the first time, this edition makes a pre-Platonic philosop...Molecular 'marker' on stem cells aids research, perhaps therapies
...olding, with the goal of producing soft tissue for reconstruction or augmentation, or to shore up bones left fragile by age or disease. With a purer cell population, you should have a more effective therapy, Dr. Perlingeiro said. The SSEA-4 molecule was known to be on the surface of embryonic stem cells, as well a...Climate changes are linked between Greenland and the Antarctic
...ue to its higher snow accumulation rate allows for reconstruction of higher resolution atmospheric and climate records than previous ice cores from the East Antarctic plateau; a prerequisite for precise synchronisation with the Greenland counterpart. The Greenland ice core analyses were performed on the North Green...Predicting PET imaging's future: Diagnosing and treating diseases ASAP
...nal imaging, new scintillator materials, iterative reconstruction algorithms, combined PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging and preclinical PET. Cherry foresees that additional advances will come with the reintroduction of time-of-flight PET, which takes advantage of the favorable timing properties of newer sc...Fat stem cells being studied as option for breast reconstruction
...ight one day avoid the prospect of invasive breast reconstruction surgery, opting instead for an approach that would...nique approach. "The surgical options for breast reconstruction involve either the use of implants or a procedure whereby fat tissue taken from another part of the ...... and similar data has, for the first time, enabled reconstruction of an Atlantic heat pulse through the Norwegian Sea and far into the inner Arctic over several years. In order to continue the time series, the scientists have collected the instruments deployed in Fram Strait and replaced them with new ones. The aut...