Unravelling new complexity in the genome
...eferred to as alternative splicing) is more highly regulated in a cell and tissue-specific manner than previous... in the same biological processes and pathways are regulated by alternative splicing differently in nervous system tissues compared to other mammalian tissues, s...New molecular regulators of hyperthyroidism and goiter
...energy the body burns. Thyroid gland functions are regulated by a hormone known as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Increased levels of TSH, as well as increased signaling through the receptor for TSH, result in hyperthyroidism (characterized by weight loss because the body increases the amount of energy it ...JCI table of contents: Aug. 9, 2007
...energy the body burns. Thyroid gland functions are regulated by a hormone known as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Increased levels of TSH, as well as increased signaling through the receptor for TSH, result in hyperthyroidism (characterized by weight loss because the body increases the amount of energy it ...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...injury models of neuropathic pain. The most highly regulated were involved in the microglial complement cascade. Messenger RNAs for C1qb, C3, and C4 were upregulated in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord after injury and were expressed only in microglia. The complement cascade culminates in C5 and C5a receptor...In limiting life span, study finds booming bacteria innocent
...as been some thinking in general that life span is regulated according to trade-offsthat the body has only so much energy to devote to different processes, Tower said. If you devote a lot [of energy] to controlling bacteria, preventing them from growing to a toxic level, then that energy isnt available to main...Teamwork between 2 key proteins necessary for normal development and regulation of red blood cells
...rol following birth. Understanding how genes are regulated or turned on and off is critical. In gene therapy, a normal gene can be inserted into cells to correct a genetic defect. However, according to Lloyd, in this case, the goal would be to insert a transcription factor into adult cells that would turn on...New mechanism links smoking to lung damage
..., are not as specific, permitting more rapid, less regulated flow of molecules up to the size of 1000 Daltons--wide enough to allow exchange of many signaling and messenger molecules, such as ATP and small metabolites that are essential for normal cell sustenance. "We suspect that this mechanism could play ...Space-borne sensors help Africa tackle water shortage problems
...ural activities, fisheries and tourism compete for regulated water resources," Jack Nkhoma of Zambias Department of Water Affairs said. Having access to these maps allows authorities to determine the expansion of urban areas and loss of forest and agricultural areas as well as calculate the risk of erosion...How cells change the pace of their steps
...ion to form functioning tissues and organs. Poorly regulated cell motility during embryonic development may result in some neurological diseases and birth defects such as cleft palate of the mouth. UCSDs new findings may eventually be used to better understand and possibly treat such conditions and suggest pos...UC experts detail new standard for cleaner transportation fuels
... will have to grapple with tricky questions of how regulated local electricity providers should compete with the highly competitive global oil industry. Scientists and policy analysts: The report identifies many questions that require further study, and also recommends periodic reviews and assessments. ...Penn researchers discover pathway that eliminates genetic defects in red blood cells
...ersed. This type of surveillance pathway that is regulated at the tissue level could also exist in other highly specialized cells, says first author Jian Kong, PhD, Senior Research Investigator. Investigating the mechanism of this pathway may help in understanding a wider range of genetic disorders. Liebha...U-M researchers find family of 'on switches' that cause prostate cancer
...rent mechanism. For example, four of the genes are regulated by androgen, a male sex hormone known to fuel pros...o someone whose prostate cancer gene fusion is not regulated by androgen, says Chinnaiyan, who is the S.P. Hicks Collegiate Professor of Pathology at the U-M Med...Researchers find pathway that controls cell size and division
...s unassembled and assembled state. The enzyme trio regulated FtsZ ring formation by changing this balancepushing FtsZ towards its unassembled state when the cells were growing in nutrient-rich conditions, thereby delaying cell division and increasing cell size. All three enzymes in the pathway are sensitive...Report recommends off-site disposal of secondary waste
... Current waste management at the facilities is regulated by state-issued permits that date back to before the construction of the facilities, when data concerning the quantities of wastes was scarce. While the permits have been modified somewhat since then, great disparity still exists between how each si...More fish oil, less vegetable oil, better for your health
... that by further investigating how prostanoids are regulated in the body, they can design potential drugs that bind to COX-2 and decrease levels of the vegetable oil prostanoids. The drugs that are currently used to inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain, but they ...U-M team identifies gene that regulates blood-forming fetal stem cells
...ngoing U-M effort to understand how stem cells are regulated at different stages of life. Last September, Morrison's team reported that old stem cells don't simply wear out; a gene called Ink4a actively shuts them down. "Each time we identify one of these genes, we get a new insight into what stem cells real...Scientists find stem cell switch
...roots, we found that the division of stem cells is regulated by ethylene. We suggest that ethylene provides signals from the environment to activate cell division when the conditions are right. The research was carried out in the mustard-like plant Arabidopsis, but it is thought to apply to other plant speci...Gene-transcription machinery seen poised for action, held in check until needed
...ons that depend on a quick response which could be regulated by this process. In earlier work, Berger and her coworkers looked at ways in which the addition and removal of a small protein called ubiquitin modified particular histones to regulate gene expression. Histones are molecular structures around which...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...e on the two-choice swim test in the R6/2 mice and regulated their expression of SCN circadian genes. Although not a cure for HD, symptomatic treatment for disrupted sleep would appear to have its benefits. ...Insulin sensitizer also serves as energy-conserving signal to the brain
... Blood levels of another fat hormone, leptin, are regulated inversely in relation to serum adiponectin levels, the researchers noted. Thus, central adiponectin/leptin signals may represent the physiological pathway by which hypothalamic AMPK activity and food intake are stimulated during fasting and suppres...