Marine Biological Laboratory summer investigator wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry
...ays in the cell division cycle. "Many important regulators of the cell cycle are degraded in a programmed fashion, which allows the cell cycle to progress," explains Hershko. The first of these proteins, known as cyclin B, was discovered by Tim Hunt, Joan Ruderman, and their colleagues working independently ...Researchers provide road map for generating B cells from stem cells
...a committed B-cell precursor. Five transcriptional regulators guide future B cells along this pathway, activating genes that move the cell to the next stage and enabling the cell to respond to specific chemical signals later on. For example, the transcription factors PU.1 and lkaros are crucial early in the pr...Newly discovered protein suggests novel tumorigenic pathway
...ibiting a phosphatase. The identification of PTEN regulators has been a tremendously difficult problem and this research represents a huge breakthrough. Maehama explained that this discovery indicates that cells with impaired PICT-1 function may become cancerous because of the resulting instability in PTEN. T...Sleeping, waking, ... and glucose homeostasis
... to the transcription factors' effect as circadian regulators or to an activity of these transcription factors that is unrelated to circadian rhythm generation. But the study does raise the possibility that when you eat may be as important to your health as what you are eating....Asymmetric organs and microRNA-directed DNA modification
...s that do not code for proteins but instead act as regulators that can inhibit gene transcription. The new paper shows that interaction between the microRNA and a newly transcribed mRNA molecule is required for DNA modification at the target gene. The leaves of the plant Arabidopsis have top and bottom halves...Muscle loss from space travel, prolonged inactivity linked to two genes
... previous research had shown these transcriptional regulators were implicated in the process of muscle atrophy. By studying strains of mice bred to be without the nfb1 gene or without the bcl3 gene, so-called knockout mice, and then comparing knockout results with those from control groups as well as t...Tiny plant a model for commercially important trees
...nscription factors because they function as master regulators and thereby have profound impacts on developmental...is gene and others we have identified as potential regulators of wood formation, we will have a better understanding of how plants produce this valuable commodity...Read your shampoo's label: Study finds common ingredient stunts developing neurons of rats
...udy is needed, with both scientists and government regulators equally engaged," added Dr. Aizenman....First 'atlas' of key brain genes could speed research on cancer, neurological diseases
...f nerves and related structures. Although the gene regulators were pinpointed using mouse brains, the map applies to the human brain as well."This is the first systematic mapping of all of the major brain areas that shows what regulatory genes are expressed in those specific locations," said Quifu Ma, PhD, of D...New technique for tracking gene regulators
...ew way to index the code, to find the places where regulators act -- where the on/off switches are that determine which genes are at work in different types of cells under different conditions," he said. Previous, individual experiments have identified about 100 places where CREB binds to DNA and regulates gene...Scientists identify molecular events that drive cell senescence
...s also demonstrated that HIRA and ASF1a, two known regulators of chromatin structure, play a key role in formation of SAHF. When human cells were genetically manipulated to activate HIRA and ASF1a, the cells assembled SAHF and showed markers for senescence. If ASF1a was reduced, there was a profound decrease in...Blood test shows promise as monitor for antiangiogenic cancer therapy
...ice, levels of these cells are influenced by known regulators of blood vessel formation and correlate remarkably with the ability to induce tumor blood vessel growth and the response to antiangiogenic therapy. Importantly, treatment with a drug that interfered with the major signaling receptor for vascular endo...Revolutionary new medical treatments: International effort to steer around obstacles
... conditions in their relations with policy makers, regulators and members of the public. Existing successful drugs are nearing the end of their patent life so the very substantial funds needed to discover and develop new blockbuster drugs are at risk. Added to this the industry now faces searching questions ab...Startling results from new biomedical research international conference
...are facing turbulent relations with policy makers, regulators and members of the public. Patents expert at the Edinburgh University School of Law, Dr. Graeme Laurie says, "How can property rights be granted over genes which, after all, seem to be no more than mere discoveries?" He goes on to ask "How appropriat...Man and mouse share genome structures
... of genome containing the HOX genes, which are key regulators of development. "In most of the genome, we see short stretches associated with activated histones," Bernstein said. "However, in the HOX regions, we see huge stretches of genome, many thousands of base pairs in length, that are completely covered b...What does an airline traveler have in common with a glowing fish?
... forward genetic screens to identify new molecular regulators of circadian rhythms. What is more, luminescence can be measured quickly and noninvasively, making this animal an ideal candidate for high-throughput screening aimed at identifying components of the circadian clock in the zebrafish. Thanks to lumine...Transgenic plants remove more selenium from polluted soil than wild plants, new tests show
...the GS plants planted in clean soil. Because USDA regulators are scrupulous about experiments involving genetically modified plants in the field, the researchers took great care to minimize the transfer of genes through pollen. "Before we started the study, we took aerial surveys to ensure that no other mustar...Biotech science thriving but the business needs intensive care
... pharmaceutical companies face with policy makers, regulators and members of the public, who are themselves challenged by issues raised by the new technologies. Speakers at the conference, however, suggest industry may not be devoting sufficient resources to the new business strategies needed to bring the scien...Pall-Aquasafe protects patients from exposure to waterborne contaminated medical equipment
...ially among immunocompromised patients. Healthcare regulators around the globe have issued guidelines, many specifying the use of 0.2 micron point-of use filters, to prevent patient exposure to microbiologically contaminated water from drinking or while showering, bathing or hand washing. Attention is now foc...Coastal dead zones may lead to ecosystem-based fisheries management
...if any?" If scientists do document such an impact, regulators might someday invoke a new emerging "ecosystem-based" approach to fisheries management, Crowder said. "If we are going to ask farmers in the Mississippi drainage basin to reduce nutrient loading, we need to show that it will solve the problem. "In th...