Features of replication suggest viruses have common themes, vulnerabilities
... In a study published today (Aug. 14) in the online, open-access journal Public Library of Science Biology, a team of researchers from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison describes in fine detail how an RNA virus known as flock h...Testosterone replacement therapy: How safe for aging men?
Austin, TX For decades, older women have taken hormone replacements to replenish estrogen and progesterone levels lost to aging. More recently, testosterone (the most important male hormone) supplements have been used by aging men to improve their muscle mass, bone strength, libido and quality of life. In 2002, the number of elderly American men taking testosterone replacement therapy was nearl...Beyond Mesopotamia: A radical new view of human civilization reported in Science
... Mesopotamia is widely believed to be the cradle of civilization, but a growing body of evidence suggests that in addition to Mesopotamia, many civilized urban areas existed at the same time ...about 5,000 years ago in an arc that extended from Mesopotamia east for thousands of kilometers across to the areas of modern India and Pakistan, according to Lawler. ... While Mesopotamia is still...... That question may now be closer to an answer. By comparing computer models of damaged human DNA with micro...Fish eyes could hold clue to repairing damaged retinas in humans
... Retinal damage is responsible for the majority of cases of blindness. Diseases damaging the retina including macular degeneration, glaucoma and diabetes are responsible for three quarters of registered blindn...Report recommends off-site disposal of secondary waste
WASHINGTON -- It is both technically feasible and advantageous for the U.S. Army's Chemical Materials Agency (CMA) to use off-site facilities to dispose of secondary waste during regular chemical agent disposal operations, says a new report from the National Research Council. The committee that wrote the report also determined that the provision in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act all...New joint replacement material developed at MGH put to first clinical use
... We think this material could be used for any joint in the body and in any implant design, even those demanding higher flexion and more m...A new report, 'Where Does the Nano Go? End-of-Life Regulation of Nanotechnologies'
... A new report from the Project on E...Exercise, exercise, rest, repeat -- how a break can help your workout
... Many people believe prolonged exercise will be optimal in order to reduce body fat, but our study has shown that repetitions of sh...Malaria -- Effective insecticide-repellent synergy against mosquito vectors
The mosquitoes responsible for malaria transmission to humans belong to the Anopheles genus. One of the best known and most extensively studied is Anopheles gambiae, Africas principal malaria vector. The protection recommended by the World Health Organization for people at risk from this devastating disease is the use of mosquito nets impregnated with pyrethroids, of low toxicity for mammals and...Chromosome glue repairs damaged DNA
... The new results are concerned with a phenomenon called cohesion, whereby two copies of a chromosome in the cell nucleus are held tightly together by a protein complex called cohesin. Cohesion fulfils an important function during cell division as the newly copied chromosomes, t...U-M, Israeli scientists report major advance in search for genes associated with colon cancer
... ... The link was found by detailed comparisons of genetic material fro...NIEHS researchers identify enzyme critical in DNA replication
... ... The re...Investigating Life in Extreme Environments report gives hints on facts of life
From the deepest seafloor to the highest mountain, from the hottest region to the cold Antarctic plateau, environments labelled as extreme are numerous on Earth and they present a wide variety of features and characteristics. Investigating life processes in extreme environments not only can provide hints on how life first appeared and survived on Earth (as early earth was an extreme environment)...Wolves of Alaska became extinct 12,000 years ago, scientists report
... ... The ancient Alaskan gray...Faulty cell membrane repair causes heart disease
... ... The study, led by UI researcher and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Kevin Campbell,...SNM initiatives supported by inclusions in NAS Report on competitiveness of US chemistry research
... Members of the Committee on Benchmarking the Research Competitiveness of the United States in Chemistry included information in their report about the potential negative effect of Department of Energy funding cuts to basic science research for in vivo molecular imaging and the need for domestic radioisotope pr...Scientists discover role of enzyme in DNA repair
... When DNA within a cell is damaged, the cells protective mechanism must do one of two things: repair the defect or commit suicide, says Rafael Casellas, Ph.D., an investigator in NIAMS Molecular I...Penn researchers report that gene therapy awakens the brain despite blindness from birth
Philadelphia - Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have demonstrated that gene therapy used to restore retinal activity to the blind also restores function to the brains visual center, a critical component of seeing. ...The multi-institutional study led by Geoffrey K. Aguirre, assistant professor of neurology in Penn's School of Medicine, shows that gene therapy can improve retinal,...WPI professor to represent American Mathematical Society at exhibition on science funding
... CNSF is an alliance of more than 100 scientific societies, universities, and corporations that advocates for increased funding for National Science Foundation (NSF) research and education programs. Since 1995, the coalition has sponsored an annual event in Washington, D.C...Developer of new method for treating bone defects wins WPI Entrepreneurship Award
... The Kalenian Award was established in 2006 by Alba Kalenian in memory of her late husband, inventor Aram Kalenian '33. Its purpose is to encourage innovation and entrepreneurship among...UVa-led team uncovers important secret in gene replication
... Where chromatin is packed more loosely, the genes are replicated earlier than other genes and are expressed at high levels. Where...Herpes virus hijacks DNA repair process
June 13, 2007 -- Scientists probing the details of viral infection have discovered an intriguing surprise: in mice, herpes viruses hijack their host cells' tools for fixing DNA damage and use those tools to enhance their own reproduction. ... The DNA damage response normally fixes DNA errors caused by radiation or other environmental factors, or mistakes accidentally introduced when cells copy t...Breakthrough developments in rheumatoid arthritis reported
... Dr. Gregersen has finally closed the circle between key genes identified in his laboratory at the Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics at The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research i...Some brain-damaged patients quit smoking with ease, researchers report in Science
... ... The stud...Watching with intent to repeat ignites key learning area of brain
... ... "We've been looki...Enzyme crystal structure reveals 'unexpected' genome repair functions
The study is being published in an advance online version of the journal Molecular Cell. ...... The research looked at XPB helicase from an archaea, a single cell organism similar to bacteria. Helicases are enzymes that unwind or separate the strands of the nucleic acid double helix, an action that is critical to transcription and nucleotide excision repair (NER), as well as other cell processes....Tsunami + 1 year: Reviving exhausted fisheries should trump replacing boats, gear, experts say
Higher Power of Replacement Boats, Fishing Gear Increasing Catch Capacity;... ... Experts Recommend Boat Registry, Enforcement of Limits... ... ......One year after a tsunami devastated South Asian communities, global fisheries experts say habitat restoration, retraining and education programs are much needed to revive severely exhausted fisheries and steer survivors into more sustainable liveli...Carbon nanoparticles stimulate blood clotting, researchers report
HOUSTON (Oct. 21, 2005) --Carbon nanoparticles both those unleashed in the air by engine exhaust and the engineered structures thought to have great potential in medical applications promote blood-clotting, scientists report in an upcoming edition of the British Journal of Pharmacology.... ...Researchers from The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston and Ohio University examined...Salvage logging, replanting increased biscuit fire severity
... ... It found that fire severity was 16 to 61 percent higher in logged and planted areas,...UCLA researchers reprogram normal tissue cells into embryonic stem cells
... The work, done in mouse models, appears in the inaugural June 7, 2007 issue of Cell Stem Cell, published by Cell Press. UCLA researchers, working closely with stem cell scientists at Harvard, took mouse fibroblasts, cells that develop into connective tissue, and added four transcription factors that bind to s...Reprogrammed fibroblasts identical to embryonic stem cells
... Now, scientists at Whitehead Institute have demonstrated that embryonic stem cells can be...A twist of fate -- Reprogrammed fibroblasts resemble embryonic stem cells
Stem cell biology takes another exciting leap forward as scientists report that normal tissue cells can be reprogrammed to exhibit many of the properties that are characteristic of embryonic stem cells, including the ability to give rise to multiple cell types and contribute to the germline. These findings, published in the inaugural issue of the journal Cell Stem Cell, published by Cell Press,...Origins of nervous system found in genes of sea sponge, report scientists at UC Santa Barbara
... ... It turns out that sponges, which lack nervous systems,...ChemGenex reports successful personalized dosing of Quinamed at ASCO
MELBOURNE, Australia, and MENLO PARK, California U.S.A. (June 4, 2007). ChemGenex Pharmaceuticals (ASX: CXS, NASDAQ: CXSP) announced today the presentation of data from its Quinamed (amonafide dihydrochloride) phase 1/2a dose-escalation study, designed to identify a genotypically optimised dose of Quinamed in heavily pre-treated patients with a variety of solid tumors. The key outcomes from this...Analysis reveals extent of DNA repair army
Cells have the remarkable ability to keep track of their genetic contents and -- when things go wrong to step in and repair the damage before cancer or another life-threatening condition develops.... But precisely how cells monitor the integrity of their genomes, identify problems, and intervene to repair broken or miscoded DNA has been one of nature's closely held secrets. Now, however, a rep...Repair of DNA by Brca2 gene prevents medulloblastoma
... The St. Jude researchers demonstrated that the Brca2 gene plays a dual role in the developing nervous system, eliminating errors in the DNA of newly made copies of chromosomes and suppressing the onset of the brain cancer medulloblastoma. Medulloblastoma is a cancer of the cerebellumthe lower back part of the brain that cont...DNA analysis suggests under-reported kills of threatened whales
... The study, involving numerous researchers led by Scott Baker of Oregon State University, was just published in the journal Molecular Ecology. Baker, who is associate director of OSU's Marine Mammal Institute, also is presenting his findings to the International Whaling Commissi...Reproductive speed protects large animals from being hunted to extinction
... ... This key variable helps explain, for example...1 month post launch, Interactive Autism Network reports 13,000 participants
... ... ... Representation in all 50 states as well as...