JCI table of contents: July 19, 2007
...xcess fat deposition in the abdomen and liver. The results show that insulin resistance and resultant effects, owing to a specific defect in muscle PKC-lambda, is sufficient to cause abdominal obesity and other abnormalities characteristic of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. TITLE: Muscle-specif...Genetic diversity in honeybee colonies boosts productivity
...ere first formed," said Mattila. "Undoubtedly, our results reveal enormous benefits of genetic diversity for the productivity of honeybee colonies." For example, the researchers found that bees in the genetically diverse colonies used sophisticated mechanisms for communication, including waggle dancing, more...Obesity found to be a risk factor for multiple myeloma
...ime recording of height and weight. I find the results of these studies encouraging, since they show consistent results about the first risk factor for multiple myeloma that people can actually modify, said the studys le...A new method of adult stem cell growth efficacious in treatment of disorders of the cornea
... and, thereby, the transparency of the cornea. The results to date achieved amongst the group of rabbits, wit... insufficiency, a problem which, in the long term, results in opacity of the cornea....MIT IDs link between brain tumor proteins
...that it is not the activation of one receptor that results in cancer. Its the action of multiple receptors that leads to the tumors we see, said Paul Huang, a graduate student in biological engineering and lead author of the paper. A potential way to overcome this is to attack multiple targets instead of j...Exercise, exercise, rest, repeat -- how a break can help your workout
...conducting further studies in order to explore the results in a variety of exercise durations as well as in different types of individuals....A brain chemical that battles despair
...in sensitivity, anxiety, and stress "Our present results provide a fundamentally novel and testable model for the mechanisms of resilience," concluded the researchers. "Our future studies will test the hypothesis that antidepressant treatments may enhance resilience by stimulating these same adaptive proce...Purdue-IU researchers explore new method for early disease diagnosis
...out half an hour, providing a quick turnaround for results and treatment decisions for patients, Raftery said. "It is a very simple process and would not require much training to perform the tests," he said. "It is an easily reproducible test that can be done over and over again, which is important to ensu...Gene identified for Crohn's disease in children
...testinal tract. The research reinforces previous results by German researchers, who found the same gene var... and The University of Pennsylvania reported their results in a letter in the August issue of the journal Gut. Because Crohns disease is complex, with multi...UK scientists lift lid on genetics of coronary artery disease
...addition cases and 1600 additional controls. The results coincide with the announcement that the WTCCC has ... examine the whole genome quickly to produce great results - something that couldnt have been done at all a few years ago. This study demonstrates just how imp...Gene variant increases risk of blindness
... gene has a central role in the immune system. The results of this research provide strong evidence that inflammation is an important part of the disease process in AMD. The goal of this type of research is to achieve a full understanding of the causes of AMD, which should lead to the development of bette...Nature's secrets yield new adhesive material
...e experiments. Messersmith said that while the results are extremely promising, his group still must tackle several practical problems before it can scale up its research. Any time that you fabricate an array of nano pillars of this type over large areas, you must have a very effective way of doing it w...Research study describes the role part of the brain plays in memory
...ges in the animals' behaviour were observed. The results demonstrated that the social transmission of food ... perception, motivation or social interaction. The results therefore suggest that the prelimbic prefrontal cortex, via the use of acetylcholine, regulates cogn...Study finds hereditary link to premenstrual depression
...anges during the menstrual cycle,Rubinow said. The results will appear in an upcoming print edition of the journal Biological Psychiatry and were published online June 30, 2007. The study was supported by funds from the Intramural Research Program at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). The rese...Better sleep may put Huntington's disease sufferers back on track
...lity of life for both them and their carers. The results have short-and long-term implications for treatment of HD and for the reversal of the diseases impairments. Recognising that sleep disturbance is a part of the disease means that clinicians should include focussed management of sleep symptoms in thei...UCLA researchers show that culture influences brain cells
...mmunication. An important conclusion from these results is that culture has a measurable influence on our brain and, as a result, our behavior. Researchers need to take this into consideration when drawing conclusions about brain function and human behavior, said Molnar-Szakacs. The findings, the research...Malaria -- Effective insecticide-repellent synergy against mosquito vectors
...rchers and their partners (1) obtained encouraging results by combining a non-pyrethroid insecticide, propoxur, and a repellent, N,N-diethyl toluamide (DEET). They based their investigations on previous work which had revealed a strong synergy between the two components. A combination of the two had proved t...UT and Atom Sciences Collaborate on NIH grant to develop test for major african disease
... of the bacteria. Hurt and Small will compare test results with different strains of the bacteria to refine the diagnostic's ability to detect the subtle genetic differences between bacteria that come from different environmental sources, such as contaminated water sources. By understanding the sources, me...Vaccine trials inject hope into koala's future
...x and 12 months," he said. "We will have initial results within the first six months but we will continue to monitor the koalas for 12 months to determine how long the vaccine stimulates an immune response in the koalas and whether or not a booster shot is required. "There is no danger that a koala witho...Study identifies energy efficiency as reason for evolution of upright walking
... the most efficient walking upright. What those results allowed us to do was to look at the fossil record and see whether fossil hominins show adaptations that would have reduced bipedal energy expenditures, said Raichlen. We and many others have found these adaptations [such as slight increases in hindli...