Spelling out cancer on the nanoscale
...d only read them. No matter how small, every tumor reveals its identity in tiny amounts of abnormally expressed proteins called oncoproteins. Being able to read trace oncoprotein levels from early-stage tumors would speak volumes to physicians and cancer researchers. Enter nano-fluidics and the art of readin...Study finds oysters can take heat and heavy metals, but not both
...ented oyster declines in the wild. The effect also reveals an additional impact that warming coastal waters may have on cold-blooded organisms. Investigating the mechanisms by which the heavy metal cadmium and temperature can each affect metabolic processes in oysters, a new report by a team headed by Univ...University of Washington-led team discovers a gene that causes familial pancreatic cancer
...tic cancer cases are inherited. The discovery also reveals that the Palladin gene behaves abnormally in both the hereditary and non-hereditary, or sporadic, forms of pancreatic cancer. Previous studies by co-author Dr. Carol Otey, associate professor of physiology at the University of North Carolina, have re...Extreme life, marine style highlights 2006 ocean census
...ea lions and albatross. "Each Census expedition reveals new marvels of the ocean and with the return of each vessel it is increasingly clear that many more discoveries await marine explorers for years to come," says Fred Grassle, Chair of the Census Scientific Steering Committee. Each of 17 core projec...Genetic map offers new tool for malaria research
...vance online edition of Nature Genetics, the study reveals striking variation within the pathogen's genome, including an initial catalog of nearly 47,000 specific genetic differences among parasites sampled worldwide. These differences lay the foundation for dissecting the functions of important parasite gen...From hot springs to rice farms, scientists reveal new insights into the secret lives of archaea
...ar in size and shape to bacteria, genetic analysis reveals that archaea are actually more closely related to humans and other eukaryotes. Ancient origins Although archaea are believed to be among the oldest organisms on Earth, finding paleontological evidence of these ancient microbes has proven elusiv...Factors affecting kernel yield in maize
...d carbon metabolism in photosynthetic tissues, and reveals that nitrogen metabolism plays a critical role in optimizing grain yields....Don't move a muscle: Evolutionary insight into myogenesis
... the redundancy built into worm muscle development reveals that the core transcriptional regulators of myogenesis are, as we would predict, conserved across animals....Changes in dietary protein may override inherited skeletal abnormalities
... are treatable by dietary manipulations, the study reveals a molecular connection between nutrition and skeletal development, the researchers concluded. More generally, our results illustrate how the precise knowledge of the molecular mechanism of action of a given gene involved in the pathogenesis of a huma...Mind Wars -- Brain Research and National Defense
...edge brain research. In his book, for instance, he reveals the many ways U.S. security entities are seeking to manipulate the human nervous system to help its warfighters and disrupt their enemies. Moreno documents such projects as virus-transported molecules called "neuroweapons" that fatally infect the bra...Newly discovered immune defense may be impaired in CF airways
A recent University of Iowa study reveals a new immune defense mechanism in normal airways and may help explain why people with cystic fibrosis (CF) are particularly susceptible to bacterial lung infections. The findings also may point the way to new approaches for treating the disease. The...The pull of bacterial chromosome segregation
A new paper in the December 1st issue of G&D reveals that a mitotic-like motor powers chromosome segregation in prokaryotes. Studying the bacteria Vibrio cholerae, Drs. Michael Fogel and Matthew Waldor (Tufts University School of Medicine) determined that the chromosome-encoded Par proteins generate a ...Ancient predator had strongest bite of any fish, rivaling bite of large alligators and T. rex
...yal Society journal Biology Letters on November 29 reveals that the force of this predators bite was remarkably powerful: 1,100pounds. The bladed dentition focused the bite force into a small area, the fang tip, at an incredible force of 8,000pounds per square inch. Even more surprising is the fact that th...Long-term cancer risk follows stem cell transplant recipients
... journal of the American Cancer Society, the study reveals that within 10 years of an allogeneic HSCT, the relative risk of a second, solid cancer is almost twice that of the general population. In addition, cancer risk almost quadruples for patients who were over 40 years old at the time of transplant or fo...Patterns on tropical marine mollusk shell mirror gene expression patterns
...ished today in the open access journal BMC Biology reveals that the shape and colour patterns on the shell of the mollusc mirror the localised expression of specific genes in the mantle, a layer of skin situated just below the shell. The authors of the study identify one gene in particular that controls the ......article published in the November issue of Geology reveals how Dr. Miriam Andres' stromatolite investigation the first of its kind has begun to "fingerprint" ancient microbial pathways, increasing the understanding of how these reef-like structures form and offering a new way to explore the origins of thes...UCLA researchers unravel a mystery about DNA
...rticle in the Nov. 17 issue of the journal Science reveals important structural information about the gyrations of DNA during transcription and the effects of those gyrations on the process. The discoveries, which inform our understanding of the structure and mechanics of RNAP -- an enzyme responsible for m...DNA repair teams' motto: 'To protect and serve'
...ssor in the Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, reveals why those repair crews are parked at the ends of chromosomes and in doing so answer fundamental questions about how chromosomal stability is maintained. After the 2005 study, says Karlseder, "We formed a hypothesis that after telomeres replicate th......who worked for its establishment in the 1950's. It reveals why this great and magical wilderness must remain protected and treasured." Controversy over ANWR's future remains, as it began, emblematic of "the real problem," as Olaus Murie characterized it, "of what the human species is to do with this earth.......rprisingly, Heckman et al.'s phylogenetic analysis reveals that the 70 lemurs do not differ genetically. According to their cytochrome b sequence, they all belong to the same, previously identified species, Microcebus griseorufus. The authors also show that the three different coat colours observed are found...