Calorie restriction in non-human primates may prevent and reduce Alzheimer's disease neuropathology
...s, similar to that observed in squirrel monkey and rodent models of AD," reported Mount Sinai researcher Dr. Pasinetti and his colleagues, who published their study, showing how restricting caloric intake based on a low-carbohydrate diet may prevent AD in an experimental mouse model, in the July 2006 issue ...USGS at The Wildlife Society: From sea-ice change to contaminants to predators and prey
...a commensal rodents and quickly spread into native rodent populations, including prairie dogs (Cynomys species). Mortality in plague-infected prairie dog colonies often reaches 95-99 percent, and the disease frequently results in local extinctions and population reductions followed by partial recovery. Plag...What animals can tell us about hemorrhage, organ transplants and aging
...s research with naked mole rats, the longest-lived rodent known, may cause physiologists to modify this theory. Metabolic rate. In theory, the higher the species' metabolic rate, the shorter its life span should be because ROS are generated during aerobic metabolism as we use oxygen. But birds, which hav...Super chow, laced with semi-synthetic vitamin E derivative, inhibited spread of cancer in mice
...they can treat melanoma, lung and breast cancer in rodent models. In this study, the Arizona researchers e...rting on the same day that they were injected with rodent mammary tumor cells known to spread quickly to the lungs and bones. The mice were allowed to eat as ...Plague proteome reveals proteins linked to infection
...s are vectors for the disease and can spread it to rodent and human hosts. This study mimicked environmental conditions of Y. pestis in flea and in mammalian systems. The proteome is a survey of proteins in a cell. Lipton, Hixson and colleagues at the PNNL-based Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory...Dental crowns reveal the diet of a species
...r in almost every aspect, but if a carnivore and a rodent eat similar food, their teeth are equally complex. The results were published in Nature. The size, number, occlusion and dental crown cusps of carnivores and rodents, such as cats and mice, are very different. Based on their research, the Helsinki s...Scientists discover new species of distinctive cloud-forest rodent
...discovered in the cloud-forests of Peru. The large rodent is about the size of a squirrel and looks a bit li...relatives are spiny rats. The nocturnal, climbing rodent is beautiful yet strange looking, with long dense fur, a broad blocky head, and thickly furred tail....Scripps Research study reveals new function of protein kinase pathway in tumor suppression
...which was conducted in both human cell culture and rodent models with skin cancer or lymphoma, identified one essential element of this anti-tumor response, namely, p38-regulated/activated protein kinase (PRAK). Previous to this research, PRAK's physiological functions had been poorly understood. "In unco...Joslin discovers protein that causes blood vessel leakage and swelling with diabetic retinopathy
...protein causing swelling, not just leakage, in the rodent at concentrations observed in human disease," said...into the cerebral spinal fluid around the brain of rodent animal models we found that it also increased the swelling and the leakage of blood vessels in the b...JDRF-funded researchers discover protein that causes blood vessel leakage and swelling in eyes
...into the cerebral spinal fluid around the brain of rodent animal models we found that it also increased the swelling and the leakage of blood vessels in the brain." This discovery, he explains, could provide new opportunities for treating the cerebral swelling caused by head injury, stroke and other condi...Columbia scientists determine 3-dimensional structure of cell's 'fuel gauge'
...cell takes in and uses to create ATP. Research in rodent models has shown that AMPK activators can lessen the pathologies associated with diabetes, including problems that diabetics have regulating blood sugar. Dr. Shapiro explained that researchers do not yet know how to activate AMPK without activating...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
... granule cells (DGCs). Similar changes are seen in rodent models of hippocampal epilepsy. This week, Gong et al. provide evidence that this abnormal distribution of DGCs results from deficient signaling by the secreted guidance factor Reelin. Reelin immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus was reduced after pi...Size matters if you're a rodent
...arative data alone cannot address. Overall, the rodent with the longest penis bone relative to its body size in the study was the Western harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys megalotis. "Everything's relative of course," explains Dr. Ramm, "so although big for its body size the penis bone in R. megalotis is st...UGA research shows rats are capable of reflecting on mental processes
...ould achieve metacognition. But it also presents a rodent model that should allow researchers to understand better what animals are "cognitively sophisticated" and why. The research will also open new lines of inquiry about the underlying neural mechanisms of this ability. Reflecting on ones own mental ex...Scientists find hormone activity explains adolescent mood swings
...hat reliably predicts the human condition. In this rodent model, the alpha4-beta2-delta receptor normally has very low expression, but increases dramatically at the onset of puberty in the part of the brain that regulates emotion. Paradoxically, THP reduced the inhibition produced by these alpha4-beta2-delt...Prefrontal cortex loses neurons during adolescence
... cortical cells," she said. "So this may just be a rodent phenomenon." The loss of neurons is also a necessary part of brain development, she said. "We always think that having more neurons is better, and it might not be," Juraska said. In some stages of early child development up to half of the neuron...JCI table of contents -- March 22, 2007
...t to determine the relevance to human pregnancy of rodent and nonprimate data indicating that prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids (through either the administration of dexamethasone or severe maternal stress) has long-lasting deleterious effects. In the study, which appears online on March 22 in advance of...Prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids has long-term deleterious effects on newborns
...t to determine the relevance to human pregnancy of rodent and nonprimate data indicating that prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids (through either the administration of dexamethasone or severe maternal stress) has long-lasting deleterious effects. In the study, which appears online on March 22 in advance of...To sleep, perchance to dream: New insight into melatonin production
...by melatonin synthesis. The researchers found that rodent AANAT mRNA translation is mediated by IRES (internal ribosome entry site) elements in the 5' end of the transcript, through binding of another protein, called hnRNP Q. In fact, siRNA knock-down of hnRNP Q reduced AANAT and melatonin production under ......or, the ATP-sensitive potassium channel K ATP . In rodent brain slices, ketone bodies (β- hydroxybutyrate or acetoacetate) slowed the firing of these cells by ~10%. Pharmacological activation of normally silent K ATP channels also slowed or silenced neuronal firing. The ketone-induced slowing was abse...