HHMI researchers Richard Axel and Linda Buck win 2004 Nobel Prize
...s, Buck designed probes that would recognize these sequences in a pool of rat DNA. Next, she assumed that the odorant receptors are members of a large family of related proteins. So she looked for groups of genes that had certain similarities. Third, the genes had to be expressed only in a rat's olfactory epit...NHGRI seeks next generation of sequencing technologies
...thesis system multiplexed to read more than 10,000 sequences simultaneously. The system will be targeted initially at specific genes and subsequently at whole genomes. Steven A. Benner, Ph.D., University of Florida, Gainesville $800,000 (3 years) "Polymerases for Sequencing by Synthesis" This group's goal is ...Antibiotic identified as potential anti-cancer candidate
...ta searches identified several classes of Pdf-like sequences in parasites, plants and mammals. Subsequent studies showed that the Pdfs were active both in culture and in the living organism, thus potentially derailing the usefulness of these antibiotics for specifically combating infectious agents. In previo...Mice thrive despite massive genetic makeover
...In these studies, we were looking particularly for sequences that might not be essential," said Eddy Rubin, Dir...om our results, it would seem that some non-coding sequences may indeed have minimal if any function." To see what these non-coding sequences were doing, the ...International human genome sequencing consortium describes finished human genome sequence
...sequence, as well as by the availability of genome sequences from other organisms, better computational models ...earchers hunting for genes and the neighboring DNA sequences that may regulate their activity, dramatically cutting the effort and expense required to find regio...For inferring the biological tree of life, simple is better
... method for constructing the tree of life from DNA sequences is prone to error. However, a simpler method, larg...ter to simulate the evolution of thousands of gene sequences on a hypothetical evolutionary tree. They examined which methods for inferring historical relationsh...ENCODE consortium publishes scientific strategy
...lved in the control of gene transcription; and DNA sequences that mediate chromosomal structure and dynamics. The ENCODE researchers also anticipate they may uncover additional functional elements that have yet to be recognized. "Creating this monumental reference work will help us mine and fully utilize the h...ASU gets grant to develop high speed DNA sequence reader
...enes on a glass slide and to read out all of their sequences simultaneously, greatly speeding up the process and dramatically lowering the costs. A single slide could provide sequence data about 10 times more rapidly than today's large sequencing centers for about a hundredth of the cost. NHGRI's long-term go...BU chemist to map DNA's surface, uncovering details that will show how structure abets function
...ns to then build maps of protein-binding sites and sequences critical to the folding of chromatin, the nuclear structure that condenses to form chromosomes during DNA replication. DNA bound up as chromatin has a complex structure -- it twists around histone proteins, turns upon itself, and, in general, is not...Asymmetric organs and microRNA-directed DNA modification
...on. The researchers found that PHB and PHV coding sequences were heavily methylated downstream of the microRNA complementary site in most wild-type plant cells and that methylation was reduced in phb-1d and phv-1d mutants. According to Dr. Barton, "These results suggest a model in which the microRNA interact...Sex-determining genes of infectious fungus resemble human Y chromosome
...head-to-head or tail-to-tail repeats of particular sequences which would make such intra-chromosomal repair possible, a pattern also found on the human Y chromosome, according to Heitman. "These similarities suggest that further study of C. neoformans might help elucidate the genetic changes that can ...Scientists advocate genomic sequencing of 'living fossil'
...360 million years ago. To date, complete genomic sequences for more than 200 organisms have been obtained, and hundreds more are currently in progress ( www.genomesonline.org ). These efforts will enable scientists to perform detailed comparisons of the complete genetic codes from multiple species, identify...Genome of ancient fish could reveal evolutionary mysteries, Stanford scientists say
...to sequence. Geneticists often compare gene sequences between species to learn how traits evolved. To le...humans, mice, dogs, chickens and frogs to see what sequences the mammals share and that frogs and chickens lack. If all the mammals have one sequence in common, ...Building a tree of life needs less 'wood'
...author on the paper. Comparing protein and DNA sequences is a powerful tool for creating trees, because lar...s laboratory analyzed over 300,000 protein and DNA sequences deposited by scientists in the GenBank and Swiss-Prot public databases. They found that even though ...Gene expression profiling aids in ovarian cancer prognosis
...en applied to a glass slide that contains embedded sequences of thousands of known human genes this type of ge...resent in the tumor cell bind to their counterpart sequences on the glass slide, thereby permitting their identification with the aid of computer analysis." ...Study in Royal Society journal on possible genetic factors in social responsiblity
... studies in the last two decades have compared DNA sequences among populations to elucidate evolutionary relati...ion and growth. A critical assumption is that the sequences evolve in a neutral fashion, unaffected by natural selection. Here, mitochondrial DNA sequences fro...NIH makes award to UNC for Genome Fingerprint Scanning program
...trometry data directly to raw, unannotated genetic sequences to identify proteins and locate novel genes. Proteomics, the study of how proteins interact and respond to changing conditions in complex systems, is increasingly being used to help decipher diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimer's. "This ...Researchers reconstruct parts of the genome of a common mammalian ancestor
...a more than 80 million years ago. By comparing DNA sequences of 19 species of existing mammals, including human...ussler. After a maximum of about 50,000 years, DNA sequences typically are too fragmented to be pieced together. Geneticists therefore have turned to a technique...Spider silks, the ecological materials of tomorrow?
...e nature of the genes, which include many repeated sequences and rely on a different codon reading system from ours. However, in recent studies parts of the genes were successfully inserted into the bacterium E. coli, mammal and insect cells, which in turn produced silk proteins. "Using 'protein engineering' b...Computer analysis shows scientists could reconstruct the genome of the mammalian common ancestor
...onal procedure for reconstructing ancestral genome sequences that was based primarily on Miller's widely used g...they created an artificial set of mammalian genome sequences for which the ancestral sequence was known. Blanchette, who is the first author of the paper, genera...