Trial success for diabetic nerve therapy
...cur in other organs, including the heart, kidneys, sex organs, eyes and digestive tract. "Diabetic neuropathy is a major problem in insulin-dependent diabetes, particularly in patients who have had the disease for a period of time," said Professor Tomlinson, who is based in the University's Faculty of Li...News tips from The Journal of Neuroscience
...n pain processing areas previously associated with sex differences (thalamus, hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens, amygdala), estradiol increased baseline receptor levels by 1532%. During a sustained painful stimulus--hypertonic saline delivered to a jaw muscle--treated subjects displayed regional activation...Poor adolescents more likely to be overweight today than 30 years ago
... at or above the 95th percentile for their age and sex in the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts were classified as overweight. The authors found that 15- to 17-year-old adolescents with higher daily intake of calories from sweetened beverages were significantly more likely to ...Genetic tug of war determines sexual differentiation
...p incomplete testes. This suggests that vertebrate sex determination results from the interplay between t...er to better understand the role of temperature on sex determination in a turtle that she hopes can shed light on the general issue of sex determination in...Viral hitchhiker inhibits Wolbachia bacteria's ability to proliferate
...cking them to bear more infected females, the only sex that transmits the bacteria. Now, a new study from the MBL (Marine Biological Laboratory), published in the May 18 issue of PLoS Pathogens, demonstrates that a virus common to Wolbachia cells may be a key inhibitor of the cellular process that allow...Human and chimp genomes reveal new twist on origin of species
...ng is known to place strong selective pressures on sex chromosomes, which could translate to a very young age for chromosome X. "Hybridization" is commonly observed to play a role in speciation in plants, but evolutionary biologists do not generally view it as an important way to produce a new species i...Evolutionary forces explain why women live longer than men
...Women live longer in almost every country, and the sex difference in lifespan has been recognized since at least the mid-18th century," said Daniel J. Kruger, a research scientist in the U-M School of Public Health and the Institute for Social Research. "It isn't a recent trend; it originates from our de...Vaccine shown effective against chancroid
... a relatively simple task, Elkins said. Commercial sex workers infected with chancroid form a "reservoir"...ins said. A vaccine strategy of vaccinating female sex workers against chancroid could shut down the cycle of infection, eliminating the disease of not onl...Novel enzyme offers new look at male hormone regulation
... and dihydrotestosterone, determine male secondary sex characteristics and stimulate prostate cell growth. Lowering androgen levels usually can make prostate cancers shrink or grow more slowly. In the study, the researchers said the new protein called JHDM2A, like the protein they reported on in the jour...New male contraceptive targets sperm, not hormones
...hat they'll have acne or gain weight or have their sex drive go up or down--all things that can happen when you manipulate hormones." This will be the second contraceptive study of the IVD in men. In the pilot study, the method was very effective: All 30 men either had no sperm in their semen or had le...Patients at greater risk if mother has coronary heart disease
... CHD, but do not necessarily take into account the sex of the parent or if both parents have the disease. We wanted to discover another piece of evidence that can help determine which of these intermediate patients are at high risk." Dr. Sundquist presented these findings today at an American Medical Ass...'Banana-jawed' fossil mammal linked to rare sound-producing skill
...ws. This meant the trait was possessed by only one sex -- but which one? Previous research, he said, suggested such jaw structures likely were found in females. The researchers then analyzed incisor teeth, located in the front of the jaw and used for biting. In modern hyraxes, males have larger incisors ......s where the female is the boss, Holekamp said. The sex roles in spotted hyenas are completely reversed from those in most mammals: females are larger and more aggressive than males when competing for limited resources and dominate the 40 to 60 members of their social group. In fact, females look so much ...Brain differences could explain why males and females experience pain relief differently
...nd functional differences in the brain may explain sex differences in the experience of pain and in the e...ly in a similar manner in females. In addition to sex differences in how the PAG is organized anatomically, the team went on to show that persistent pain ...Picking the best parent for your chicks
...m themselves. And for birds who snuck out for some sex on the side, the researchers found those birds likely chose an out-of-town partner who was more genetically different than their regular mate. It's a good thing opposites attract, the researchers found -- baby birds with the best survival rates had p...Insects that produce males from unfertilized eggs reveal a surprising cellular feat
...ts, bees, and wasps--have an unusual mechanism for sex determination: Unfertilized eggs develop into males, while fertilized eggs become females. But the development of an unfertilized egg into an adult (called parthenogenesis) remains a mysterious process. One mystery has been the origin of the centros...Uncovering sex-change secrets of black sea bass
...s, for one problem: they have a tendency to change sex unpredictably in captivity. "In the wild, black s..., a commercial fish farm in Newington, NH. But the sex change problem must be tackled if fish farmers are to bring a high-quality fish to market. "We inves...Contaminants linked to sturgeon decline in Columbia river
...igh amounts of toxic contaminants in their livers, sex organs and muscle tissue. "We don't know the exact source of contamination," Schreck said. "The fish move, the stuff they eat moves and the water and sediments bearing the contaminants moves. The Columbia receives input from numerous sources, so any...War between the sexes influences evolution in some species, say scientists
... females are heterozygous; they have two different sex chromosomes, Z and W. In the human female, the sex chromosomes are XX; they are homozygous. Butterflies, birds and snakes are ZW species. The authors e...Studies explore the many complex linkages between smoking and cancer
...ts were substantially the same after adjusting for sex and pack-years of smoking. The researchers concluded that sustained smoking cessation is associated with increased blood levels of CC10. "This is good news for former smokers," said Chen. "It provides more evidence that quitting smoking can undo some...