Commandeering cellular machinery: recognition mechanism to detect small molecules
... a device where there is a color change or another signal produced, we could potentially detect small molecules in a robust way that could complement or replace other detection technologies," he explained. The same technology could also be used to produce enzymes, and to regulate metabolism in cells, Doyle ...HHMI researchers Richard Axel and Linda Buck win 2004 Nobel Prize
...b of the brain. When an odor excites a neuron, the signal travels along the nerve cell's axon and is transferred to the neurons in the olfactory bulb. This structure, located in the very front of the brain, is the clearinghouse for the sense of smell. From the olfactory bulb, odor signals are relayed to bot...How roots control plant shoots
...ht by irrigating them while overriding the genetic signal that normally would inhibit growth, Sieburth says....ies of experiments suggested that the roots sent a signal to halt leaf growth, Van Norman did what Sieburth calls "a brilliant experiment." She grew mutant se...Research out this week helps us understand basics of how neurons communicate
...ical called a neurotransmitter that then carries a signal to other nerve cells. Calcium cannot freely enter cells, and must wait for an opening of a molecular gate, which is called a calcium channel. "In this study we removed a specific part of the calcium channel molecule called the 'synaptic protein inter...New genetic tools provide clues to the effects of exercise and diet on obesity, diabetes
...ferential expression of metabolic, contractile and signal transduction proteins with training. We believe that comparative mRNA and proteomic profiling has provided us with a unique insight into the underlying metabolic crisis in chronically untrained muscle and clues as to how exercise reverses these effec...U-M scientists see ubiquitin-modified proteins in living cells
...ught ubiquitin was simply a universal "destroy me" signal for unneeded or harmful proteins, but it has recen... other cellular functions. "The same ubiquitin signal can cause one protein to be degraded, but another protein to be moved to a new location," Kerppola s...Sedentary overweight people get insulin boost from short term exercise; CVD risks trend down
...g exercise. The implication is that the 'exercise' signal may be synonymous with an 'energy deficit' signal." The broad, important implications in the field of diabetes, Braun noted, is "both in the use of exercise to prevent or delay the transition from insulin resistance (prediabetes) to overt typ...UF scientists have bionanotechnology recipe to find elusive bacteria
...ules, rather than just one, making the fluorescent signal hundreds to thousands of times brighter. Enhancing the fluorescent signal also eliminates a time-consuming part of the current bacteria detection process. Small amounts of ba...Genetic link to risky pregnancy
... This protein combination is expected to deliver a signal that suppresses the NK cells, robbing them of the ability to help stimulate vessel remodeling. This is a seemingly unusual role for NK cells, whose traditional job in the circulation is to recognize and destroy infected cells and tumor cells. "We do...Acoustics meeting in San Diego
...the boundaries of the tested object. The recorded signal is played back, generating a time-reversed version of the initial ultrasound wave. This "time-reversed wave" exactly repeats the path of the initial wave and focuses in time and space at the receiver. Any subtle defect, which may appear in the mat...Channel protein converts vibrations to electrical signal
...anical stimulus of a sound wave into an electrical signal recognizable by the brain. The protein forms an io...w ions to enter the first step in sending a sound signal to the brain. According to Corey, the rapidity of this response which is as much as 1,000 times fa...NHGRI seeks next generation of sequencing technologies
...sducers propose to detect an electrical, or ionic, signal from individual DNA molecules. This group will pursue a novel approach in which a nanopore is used to simultaneously detect electrical and fluorescent signals from many nanopores at one time. "$1,000 Genome" Grants NHGRI's "Revolutionary Genome Seque...Perceptual decision-making hub pinpointed in human brain
...it, and so it takes the brain longer to weigh each signal and make a decision." The dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex site is also activated by other tasks, suggesting that it likely has general decision-making functions, note the researchers. Also participating in the study were Drs. Sean Marre...Biomedical engineers at case develop first sliver-sized sensor to monitor glucose levels
...mples, and needs very little energy if a watchlike signal processor is used. With no wires across the skin, there is no deterioration of the skin surface or other areas inside the skin and no danger of track infection. The device also is advantageous because no electrical currents are going through the body...UT Southwestern researchers uncover process for sugar-induced fat formation
...n response to a signal. In the case of ChREBP, the signal is glucose, a simple sugar formed when carbohydrates are broken down during digestion. Glucose enters the bloodstream and, through transport molecules, enters cells where it is broken down into even smaller pieces. These smaller pieces are diverted f...Leading scientists to discuss research applications for therapeutic cloning
... ban on all forms of human cloning sends the wrong signal to the scientific community; it stigmatizes the research and will slow the pace of discoveries for decades to come." Dr. Schatten, who testified before U.N. delegates on the issue in June, is close to the debate because he has been trying to clone pr...... a brain response called the M100, a neuromagnetic signal that reflects the cortex's activity after a sound is presented. The studies revealed a "flattened" brain response to sound in autistic children. "The children with autism had a much smaller dynamic range for the same sounds than did their peers," say...Soaking up signal: Endocytosis controls spreading and effective signaling range of Fgf8 protein
...hin tissues in the extracellular space, where they signal to the "target" cells they encounter. Spatial control of this signaling is crucial during development, but the mechanisms by which the spreading of Fgf8 protein is controlled in a field of target cells are unknown. In seeking to better understand how...Potential new oncogene may be missing link in cancer-causing chain
...athway component has mutated," Bu says. Increased signal activity from this pathway can lead to abnormal cell proliferation and ultimately to cancer, but researchers have been unable to identify the pathway component responsible for certain types of cancer such as breast cancer. "We believe LRP6 may be the...Bug's-eye-view of urinary tract reveals E.coli infection genes
... study's control. They compared the DNA microarray signal intensity from bacteria growing inside the urinary... infected mouse, and in pooled human urine, to the signal intensity of the control bacteria. Only genes with signals at least two times more or less intense t...