Below the surface: New clues to plant signaling from the roots
...erent from previously identified plant hormones or signaling molecules and report evidence that it may be a novel carotenoid. ...Dying cells encourage neighbors to grow
...e surrounding imaginal disc by activating specific signaling cascades that are known to be required for cell pr...tory proliferation by activating growth-associated signaling pathways and secreting molecules that promote growth in surrounding tissues. They also suggest that ...New biosensor rapidly detects deadly foodborne pathogen
...nocytogenes bound to the fiber and acts as a flag, signaling the pathogen's presence when laser light is passed through the liquid. Bhunia expects the sensor to be ready for industrial use in another year. Many tests currently in use require a high concentration of pathogen cells - typically ...Biologists ID molecular block for social 'cheaters'
...like structure. During this stage, cells produce a signaling molecule called DIF-1 that causes some members of the colony to differentiate themselves from the rest of the group and enter a prestalk stage of development. Using biotechnology, the research team created a mutant strain of Dictyostelium without the...Botulism bug says no to nitric oxide, provides key to molecule's role in human cell signaling
... the planet's oldest life form into a beneficial signaling molecule in higher animals. It also offers an explanation for how the decades-old practice of treating meat with sodium nitrite prevents life-threatening food poisoning known as botulism. Discovering how botulism-causing Clostridium botulinum det...U-M scientists see ubiquitin-modified proteins in living cells
...esn't get turned off, that's not normal. Prolonged signaling causes aberrant growth and other problems for the ...entation methods to study protein interactions and signaling pathways, in addition to ubiquitination. While the technology should be generally applicable to most...Embryonic stem cells correct congenital heart defect in mouse embryos
...s identified two important molecules implicated in signaling from the ES cells to the Id knock-out cells. These molecules are insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) and WNT5a. The former molecule is a long-range acting factor, and the latter is a short-range factor and a member of the family of WNT proteins. Bot...Study describes basic mechanism in cell growth control involving damaged DNA
...ted for degradation and recycling. The degradation signaling process is set in motion when a protein is "misfolded" and cannot function properly. Degradation also occurs when proteins of invading bacteria or viruses are recognized as faulty. "In addition, the cell uses protein degradation as one major way to ...Researchers provide road map for generating B cells from stem cells
...uggest how combinations of regulatory proteins and signaling pathways direct maturing cells through each crossroad, guiding them down one specific developmental path, preparing them to respond to signals yet to come, and blocking off other options. "Our findings reveal considerable complexity, but are promisin...Rice engineer wins prestigious Annunzio Award
...tics and biotechnology, West is designing improved signaling schemes to increase the growth rates of cells seeded onto scaffolds and to make the grafts more resistant to recurrence of disease. The Christopher Columbus Fellowship Foundation is a federal government agency established to "encourage and support re...UNC scientists identify sticky protein in sickle cell red blood cells
...ckle cell patients and which initiates an atypical signaling cascade inside the red blood cells. This aberrant signaling ultimately culminates in the activation of Alpha-4Beta-1 and an increase in red blood cells sticking...Channel protein converts vibrations to electrical signal
...a chemical that damages the mechanically-sensitive signaling pathway. Other researchers had recently found tha...his suggests that once a hair cell senses that its signaling complex has been damaged, it rapidly recycles the components of that pathway so they can be reused o...Flies have morning and evening clocks
...urons were known to express an important circadian signaling molecule called pigment dispersing factor (PDF). The dorsal lateral neurons did not express a known signaling molecule, but were part of a larger group of circadian neurons that express a gene for a circadian p...Time-lapse movies show brain cells move like a two-stroke engine
... are structural," says Hatten. "mPar6 is the first signaling protein found there." Watching the cells with labe...sponse to mPar6-alpha, the centrosome is playing a signaling role in setting the cadence for migration of the cell," says Hatten. "These results also suggest tha...Scientists explain how morphogens work
... answered some critical questions that address how signaling molecules, called morphogens, work. Morphogens are secreting signaling molecules that play a key role in the formation of the shape and size of organs. For example, these ...Scientists identify new cause of obesity
...nown to play a central role in the "feast or fast" signaling that controls the urge to eat has now been found t...4R also affects appetite in a way unrelated to the signaling loop that has been the focus of most appetite-suppression research. Scientists found a new group of ...An old adage about apples finds scientific backing
...ir anti-cancer influence by altering specific cell signaling pathways leading to apoptosis, or programmed cell ...med well on both tests. First, they triggered cell signaling that activated a cascade of chemical reactions resulting in apoptosis, a critical step in halting ca......pressed in these stripes of cells, implicating BMP signaling (the transmission of messages produced by BMPs bin...ers designed a genetic system that inactivates BMP signaling late in mouse embryonic development. Most of the joints in this mouse strain formed normally. Howev...New insight into progression of colorectal cancer
Researchers have uncovered a specific signaling mechanism that contributes to the development of c...gether, our data provide novel insights into TGF-b signaling in colorectal cancer and suggest novel therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer based on inhibit...Early life stress harms mental function and immune system in later years
... may be due in part to deficits in nitric oxide, a signaling system in the brain known to connect the immune an...y may interfere with the normal development of the signaling system known to be important for communication between the stress and immune systems," says Richards...