Can the tonsils influence oral HIV transmission?
...of Pathology. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) spreads mainly through sexual contact of mucosal surfaces, which the virus must cross to come in contact with underlying immune cells for infection to occur. While the oral mucosal surfaces are largely protected by their thickened exterior and the defensive ...Expert to provide update after 'worst tomato virus' hits California
...uted primarily by the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci. It spreads quickly from plant to plant within minutes; especially if the whitefly population is high. "This is undeniably the worst tomato virus there is," said Gilbertson. In other areas where the virus is present, yield losses as great as 100 percent have b...First all-African produced genetically engineered maize is resistant to maize streak virus
...r, short-bodied morph that can fly great distances spreads the disease over large areas, thus exacerbating the effects of the drought itself. Disease caused by similar geminiviruses, Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) and various sugarcane streak viruses, also affect other crops, including barley, wheat, oats, suga...Rapid evolution of defense genes in plants may produce hybrid incompatibility
...outside agent like a pollinator or the wind, which spreads pollen far from the parent plant, the offspring can be hybrids between parents from two different populations or even from two different although closely related species. Such hybrid offspring can be successful but may also be prevented or defectiv...Variant CJD -- Prion amplification breakthrough brings new insights and hopes for a blood test
...SE, there is a long silent period before the prion spreads to the brain and causes neurological symptoms. It is now clear that during this silent period individuals can pass variant CJD prions on to others by blood transfusion and there are also fears that the disease might also be spread by certain kinds of...Cell receptor may lead to new 'biomarker' for pancreatic cancer
... only about 4 percent -- often because the disease spreads before it can be clinically detected. In the December 2006 issue of Cancer Research, Waltz reported that the RON receptor can also be involved in breast cancer. Based on those earlier findings, she and Lowy wanted to know if the receptor was also ...CSIRO scientists join fight to save 'Tassie devil'
...pete for food. Once the cancer becomes visible and spreads internally through the body, the animal usually dies within a few months from starvation and the breakdown of body functions. The integrated research team at AAHL will use a variety of techniques including microscopy, microarrays and a range of mo...The first issue of the HFSP Journal is now available
...light onto the mechanisms by which ERKII signaling spreads long distances in apical dendrites of stimulated hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Two Articles by Erich Bornberg-Bauer at the Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, University of Mnster, Germany and his coworkers and...K-State biologist hopes mosquito can break viral chain
...s. Clem chose A. aegypti for this round because it spreads such diseases as dengue fever, the most important of the world's mosquito-borne viruses. The Centers for Disease Control estimate that 100 million cases occur annually. But the mosquito's effectiveness in spreading the disease varies from place to ...Vaccine prevents prion disease in mice
... and there is no treatment or cure. The disease spreads when an animal eats the body parts of other animals contaminated with prions. The disease causes dementia and abnormal limb movements. Prion is a protein that is also an infectious agent. The proteins are so similar to proteins found normally that...Amphibians in losing race with environmental change
...ain infectious diseases of some amphibians, and it spreads more easily in closely connected communities. "Although relatively rapid evolution may occur within some amphibian populations when a novel threat arises, other threats may be too intense and too new for amphibians to cope with them," the research...News tips from the Journal of Biological Chemistry
...e liver or cirrhosis and liver cancer. The virus spreads within its host by replicating its RNA and using it to build proteins that form new viruses and by inhibiting various antiviral proteins inside host cells. By understanding both mechanisms, scientists hope to prevent the virus from replicating, thus ...New deep-sea hydrothermal vents, life form discovered
...ridge systems where new crust is made as the earth spreads apart to release molten lava. "Each new vent site has the potential to reveal new discoveries in interactions between hot rocks beneath the seafloor, the fluids that interact with those rocks and the oceans above, as well as a rich biosphere that d...Will the plague pathogen become resistant to antibiotics?
...antibiotics, we warned that if this type of strain spreads or emerges again, it would pose a serious health problem" says co-author Elisabeth Carniel, head of the Yersinia Research Unit at the Institut Pasteur in Paris. "The discovery that the multiresistance plasmid acquired by the plague bacillus is widesp...UBC discovery may lead to 'smart' therapies for breast, ovarian cancer
...stasize. Metastatic cancer is invasive cancer that spreads from the original site to other sites in the body. The discovery demonstrated that the protein not only predicted the spread of breast cancer cells, it likely helped to cause it. The findings were recently published online by the Public Library of ...Brain works more chaotically than previously thought
...ain, somewhat like electricity in a computer, only spreads directionally in the brain, following specific ordered circuits. Too much glutamate is the death of cells There is, however, also an aspect to the research team's discovery that is of considerable medical interest. It has long been known that i...Leeches ferry infection among newts
...are transmitted through a vector, an organism that spreads disease from one animal to another. The researchers found evidence for leech-borne transmission of a little-known fungus-like organism of the genus Ichthyophonus, which infects the muscles of red-spotted newts and other amphibians in North America....Tears reveal some of their deepest secrets to researchers
... a part of tears before. With each blink, meibum spreads over the surface of the eye. It keeps the watery middle layer in place, ensuring that our eyes stay moist. Finding these lipids may help scientists better understand the causes of eye-related disorders such as dry eye disease, which affects anywher...Synthetic peptide targets latent papilloma virus infections
... skin and the lining of the vagina and cervix, and spreads as these cells divide. The UC Berkeley team created a protein fragment, or peptide, that successfully prevents the virus from hitching a ride on a cell's chromosomes as the cell divides. If such a peptide - or more likely, a drug that mimics the act...Brown scientists map structure of DNA-doctoring protein complex
...ctoring not only shapes species over time, it also spreads antibiotic resistance and is used by bacteria that spread Lyme disease and by viruses linked to certain forms of cancer. Last year in Nature, scientists working in the Brown University lab of Arthur Landy and the Harvard Medical School lab of Thoma...