New study warns limited carbon market puts 20 percent of tropical forest at risk
...st ecosystems. "Given the very large and likely still underestimated role of tropical deforestation in ...ir original tropical forest, as well as those that still have more than half their forest cover but face current high rates of deforestation. In contrast, 11...Clones on task serve greater good, evolutionary study shows
...Yet, just like human twins, these identical plants still have subtle individual differences. The question: Does an individual jumping on an extra bit of sunshine or rain shower to grow taller affect the groups overall reproductive health"Dworkin paints a hypothetical family tale of two Arabadopsis families...X-ray images help explain limits to insect body size
... species and millions of insect species overall is still an open question, said Jake Socha, Argonne biologist....Smokeless tobacco more effective than cigarettes for delivering dangerous carcinogens into the body
...uding a Swedish-style product known as snus, these still contain NNK and other nitrosamines. American smokeless tobacco manufacturers are forbidden by federal law from claiming that smokeless tobacco is a safer alternative to smoking, Hecht said. That does not prevent them from advancing the general conc...Smithsonian scientists show differing patterns of rainforest biodiversity
...pply on elevation or climate gradient. There is still much to learn because collecting high intensity data is a very time-consuming process. We havent solved the conservation management question by any means, Miller said. He noted this kind of study needs to be replicated across a large spatial scale in...Satellite tracking reveals threats to Borneo pygmy elephants
...e of Borneo pygmy elephants. Its amazing that we still know so little about one of the biggest land mammals on Earth, said Matthew Lewis, program officer for WWFs Species Conservation Program. The only reason we now have a good understanding of where these elephants travel from day to day is because sate...Female gender provides an advantage in renal diseases
...ogy behind gender differences and renal disease is still uncertain, but the distinct characteristics of male and female kidney size, along with diet and the presence of hypertension, have all been thought to play a part. Sex hormones (estrogen, testosterone) have also thought to contribute to the differenc...The 'female advantage' in kidney disease does not extend to diabetic women
..., however, when the woman is diabetic. For reasons still unclear, diabetic women -- regardless of age -- are diagnosed with kidney and heart diseases almost as frequently as men. What is it about diabetes that predisposes a woman to develop renal disease at levels generally associated with her male co......stion and other functions. But the result in flies still may be relevant to human aging research. In both flies and humans, the number of bacteria living on the organism increases with age. The innate immune response to bacteria is similar in flies and humans, and it loses strength with age in both speci...High-intensity ultrasound may launch attack on cancer, wherever it lurks
...aking up the immune system. For reasons that are still not completely understood, cancer cells often go largely undetected by the immune system, Zhong said. For an anti-tumor immune response to be effective, it may need to recognize not only the surface proteins of cancer cells, but some of the other pro...AAAS analysis finds Congress would add billions to FY 2008 R&D investment
...or the Department of Homeland Security. The Senate still must draft a spending bill for the Department of Defense. In all, appropriations approved by the House total $144.3 billion for R&D--$3.2 billion (or 2.3%) more than the current budget and $4 billion more than the White House 2008 budget proposal. ...Gene predicts better outcome as cortex normalizes in teens with ADHD
...ignificantly lower IQs, and more than half of them still had pronounced ADHD symptoms when followed-up about six years later, compared to only 21 percent of those with at least one copy of the 7-repeat variant. There was also a trend toward better overall functioning among those with at least one copy of t...Not all embryonic stem cell lines are created equal
...re ES cell lines is important because right now we still dont know the causes for the functional differences we found. Understanding the causes will require more cell lines for study. And once we understand the causes, we can take them into account in generating new cell lines that will be better defined a...Genetic analysis finds greater threat in frog-killing fungus
...ea until a new host comes along." Biologists are still determining exactly how this fungus, first identified in 1998, kills the amphibians it infects, but most believe that the pathogen disrupts the frogs' ability to absorb water through its skin. In the western United States, the fungus has been sprea...Satellite tracking will help answer questions about penguin travels
...hat it takes to return to the breeding grounds and still have enough energy to reproduce. Human fisheries competing for the same food could make migration even more difficult for them." The project is led by Dee Boersma, a UW biology professor who for 25 years has headed the Magellanic Pengui...Defects in critical gene lead to accelerated lung tumor growth
...han those with other types of cancers; however, we still do not know what this gene does, Sharpless said. This mouse model will enable us to determine how this gene is important for lung cancer and to develop therapies targeted in a way that can help human patients. To determine whether the model mirrors...Why nectar-feeding bats need a 'power drink' to fly
...stores each day, but even this phenomenal rate was still barely enough to sustain their metabolism when nectar was absent. This underlines how accurately these bats must balance their energy requirements every day and how vulnerable they are to ecological perturbations that might interrupt their fuel suppl...Human knowledge is based upon directed connectivity between brain areas
...iled measurements of brain processes in humans are still rare. In the last years of research evidence has accumulated to regard the brain as a parallel system with highly specialized compartments, so that different processing stages take place at different brain sites. According to the prominent theory of ...Census of Marine Life historians detail collapse of bluefin tuna population off northern Europe
...appeared from the region in the early 1960s and is still rare today. Financed by the CONWOY project of Denmarks National Science Foundation and the European Unions MARBEF Network of Excellence, the work is part of the History of Marine Animal Populations, one of 17 projects that comprise the global Censu...Beyond Mesopotamia: A radical new view of human civilization reported in Science
...istan, according to Lawler. While Mesopotamia is still the cradle of civilization in the sense that urban evolution began there, Lawler said, we now know that the area between Mesopotamia and India spawned a host of cities and cultures between 3000 B.C.E. and 2000 B.C.E. Evidence of shared trade, icon...