Scientists advocate genomic sequencing of 'living fossil'
... teleost genomes, which are commonly used for such studies but are highly derived due to a whole-genome duplication event. For these reasons, Myers and colleagues argue that the complete genomic sequence of the coelacanth would be valuable for identifying important genome modifications that occurred during ...Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) appears to modify elements of alcoholism
...om ventral tegmental neurons. Furthermore, animal studies have shown that BDNF influences both dopamine and serotonin levels." These and other results led Matsushita and his colleagues to investigate the role of BDNF in certain characteristics of alcoholics. Alcoholic subjects consisted of 377 male Japanes...New tool highlights activity of key cellular signal
...ed cyclic AMP could get into the mitochondria, our studies are the first to show that it's there." Stimulating cyclic AMP production in a human embryonic kidney cell line containing the targeted fluorescent Epac proteins caused an immediate build-up of cyclic AMP and activation of Epac at the cell memb...Sex versus survival: A tradeoff at geographical range limits
...ands throughout eastern North America, a series of studies led by Dr. Eckert show that populations switch from being sexual to totally asexual across the northern limit of the species' geographical range. This switch leads to northern populations becoming "enormous, genetically homogeneous superclones." By c......er its genetic material into the cell. While more studies need to be done on other cell types, Wahl hopes that SLPI may eventually provide a way to inhibit infection as the virus enters the body....November nutrition news from the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts
...th and disease later in life, noted Huang, but few studies have evaluated the impact of nutrition labels, especially in younger populations. The study of more than 300 boys and girls ages 10 to 19, primarily Caucasian and African-American, found that more than 56% reported reading nutrition labels some of t...JCI table of contents, November 15 2004
... of muscle tissue known as muscle atrophy. Earlier studies have implicated three proteins NF-kappaB, p50, an...number of cell signaling cascades. However, recent studies have shown that these two proteins are located in different compartments with the cell, begging the ...Safety of bismuth bullets questioned: Study
...they believe are analytical errors in the original studies that justified the switch to bismuth as a non-toxi...ting from bismuth use. Human and laboratory animal studies have suggested that excessive bismuth exposure may be linked to blood, liver, kidney and neural prob...Rare immunodeficiency provides new insight into immune system function
...proliferative disease (XLP). Two separate research studies investigating this rare disorder provide critical ...ntical to SAP-deficient cells. Results from these studies suggest that in normal cells, an interaction between SAP and Fyn modulates specific signaling molecu...New protein identified in development of lung cancer
...nic behavior by restoring p53 function. Additional studies would be needed to demonstrate that, however. "We clearly need of new ways to fight lung cancer," says Villalona, noting that lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States and claims more than one million lives worldwide ever...Army-funded effort examines androgen's role in bone loss
...t of osteoporosis. It's also clear in intervention studies that you can effectively treat osteoporotic women with androgen." One option being studied for treating osteoporosis in men and women is androgen therapy, either through androgen replacement using hormone drugs, or androgen replacement combi...Linking empires, economics, evolution
...ore vulnerable to sudden disruptions. Vermeij studies the shells of marine animals both living and long extinct. Blind since childhood, he works entirely by touch. His work on how shelled animals evolve to resist predators or attack their prey led him initially to questions about the "arms race" between...Concord grape juice increased HDL, lowered inflammatory marker linked to heart disease
...d vascular inflammation. We have seen in previous studies of healthy subjects that drinking grape juice decreases superoxide production and inhibits platelet aggregation, yet its impact on the inflammatory properties of platelets had not been previously studied. The soluble CD40 ligand information is new a...Ground-level ozone linked to increased mortality
...ation. "This is one of the largest ozone pollution studies ever conducted," said lead author Michelle Bell, PhD, who was previously with the Bloomberg School of Public Health and is now an assistant professor at the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies. The ozone study was part of the ongoing Na...Study links ozone, mortality in urban areas
... "This is one of the largest ozone pollution studies ever conducted," said Michelle Bell, lead author and assistant professor of environmental health at Yale. "By linking day-to-day variations in ambient ozone levels and daily number of deaths in each of the urban areas, and pooling the results across...Other highlights in the November 17 JNCI
...reatment of metastatic breast cancer. In addition, studies have shown that the combination of docetaxel and carboplatin is a feasible treatment for ovarian cancer. To compare docetaxel-carboplatin and paclitaxel-carboplatin for the treatment of ovarian cancer, Paul A. Vasey, M.D., of the Royal Brisbane and W...Researchers call for studies on role of BRCA1 mutations in chemotherapy response
...-based chemotherapy. However, prospective clinical studies are needed to evaluate the role of BRCA1 in chemot...hed preclinical and clinical evidence. Preclinical studies included research in both animal models and cell lines. Clinical studies were all retrospective in n......idneys results in death soon after birth. In vitro studies and the proximity of RET-independent GFR and RET-expressing cells in some developmental regions, however, have prompted strong speculation that GFR might be able to operate even in the absence of RET indigenous to the cell. It has been suggested that...Researchers discover new way to boost grain crops' drought tolerance
...cur." For several years, Gallie said, a number of studies on global climate have predicted an increase in global temperature, and regional conditions of drought, which may have already begun. "Increasing drought tolerance in crops is highly valuable to U.S. and world agriculture now, and will be even more ...Researchers have shown in animal studies how receptors on nerve cells can become altered to...iggered. According to Hartmann and her colleagues, studies of spinal cord tissue showed that AMPA receptors are found in spinal cord regions known to be respon...