Amgen investigational therapy, AMG 162, increased bone mineral density with twice yearly injection
... Ligand from binding to its receptor, RANK, on the surface of osteoclasts and osteoclast precursors. By binding to RANK Ligand, OPG prevents the formation and activation of osteoclasts and helps keep the bone loss process in check. Amgen developed AMG 162 to mimic the effects of OPG, enhancing the body's ...Columbia University scientist wins 2004 Nobel Prize
...and functional analysis of the gene for the T-cell surface protein, CD4, the cellular receptor for HIV. He then began to apply the techniques of molecular biology to problems in neurobiology. He identified the peptide genes responsible for eliciting an innate behavior in a marine snail, and molecular analy...HHMI researchers Richard Axel and Linda Buck win 2004 Nobel Prize
...st 40 other receptor proteins criss-cross the cell surface seven times, which gives them a characteristic, snake-like shape. They also function in similar ways, by interacting with G proteins to transmit signals to the cell's interior. Since many receptors of this type share certain DNA sequences, Buck desig...Stanford cooling tool may improve performance of athletes, soldiers
...led into the hand. Then we cool the overlying skin surface of the palm of the hand [by circulating cool water through a closed system on which the palm of the hand rests], which cools the blood in the hand's vascular heat-exchange structures. Arteries deliver blood directly from the heart to these vascular s...Plants provide model for new shape-changing materials
...ble. But the designers also need a material with a surface that's controlled by sensors and electrical conductors that allow it to do that sensing and change shape accordingly. Properly engineered nastic materials might allow sensors that can be flexed. Don Leo, professor of mechanical engineering and a memb...University of Oregon professor wins 2004 Spiers Medal
... has shown how the molecules of water line up at a surface and turn around to point in the opposite direction if the charge on the surface is changed. She has also looked at water at 'oily' surfaces, which is an important step toward under...NIH awards Emory and Georgia Tech $10 million for partnerships in cancer nanotechnology
...rger size of the quantum dots also provides enough surface area for linking to other diagnostic and therapeut...tect other molecules, such as those present on the surface of cancer cells. Dr. Nie and his team will collaborate with cell biologists to study a variety of mo...Cells in retina found to behave like soap bubbles
...s of physics, bubbles always try to minimize their surface area, even when many bubbles are aggregated togeth...ts have demonstrated that the tendency to minimize surface area is not limited to soap bubbles but extends to living things as well. In a paper published Oct. ...UNC scientists identify sticky protein in sickle cell red blood cells
...isease.The study shows that a protein found on the surface of immature red blood cells, or reticulocytes, is responsible for those cells' adhesion to blood vessel walls. Reticulocytes are found at considerably higher levels in the blood of sickle cell patients than healthy patients, and so the likelihood...Touching research: How white blood cells navigate
...e daunting, partly because each cell has a complex surface topography, with dozens of small molecular projections that give it a ruffled appearance, kind of like a tiny raisin. Those projections serve as signals that help determine where white blood cells will exit the bloodstream and fight infections. Imag...Award-winning INEEL probe to help safely monitor hazardous waste sites
... apple, Clark says. GEOPS' tough tip punctures the surface of the earth and slides easily through without disturbing the soil beneath or damaging its own parts. GEOPS' hull can take more than 50 g of acceleration and 30 tons of direct push -- the equivalent of surviving a high-speed car crash while having fo...Tips from the Journals of the American Society for Microbiology
...m, is capable of interacting with molecules on the surface of T cells and was recently noted for its ability to enhance immune responses resulting from pDNA vaccinations. "Optimally, such a vaccine should be capable of inducing protection against heterologous virus strains and should ...Time-lapse movies show brain cells move like a two-stroke engine
...ing networks will lead us to novel classes of cell surface receptors that regulate migration, and thereby the formation of cortical areas of the brain," says Hatten....Ancient Chinese folk remedy packs anti-cancer punch
... significantly more transferrin receptors on their surface than normal cells, which allows them to take in more of the iron-carrying protein. That, according to Lai, is what seems to make the compound so effective. "We call it a Trojan horse because a cancer cell recognizes transferrin as a natural,...NHGRI seeks next generation of sequencing technologies
... thousands of DNA molecules site specifically to a surface to produce a high-throughput device for DNA sequencing by synthesis. Peter Williams, Ph.D., Arizona State University, Tempe $1.7 million (3 years) "Multiplexed Reactive Sequencing of DNA" This group will use commercially available, fluorescein-labele...Study identifies target for preventing sexual transmission of HIV
...n, called mucosal sites. HIV can use certain cell surface molecules such as CCR5 to gain entry into immune s... knew that people with a mutation whose CD4 cells' surface lack CCR5 are almost completely protected from acquiring HIV infection." "But HIV can also use oth...Purdue chemists give an old laboratory 'bloodhound' a sharper nose
...rk is that substances can be detected on the outer surface of a living species," said Fenn, who is a research professor of chemistry at Virginia Commonwealth University. "Using this technique, the Purdue researchers were able to detect the presence of antihistamine on the skin of a person who had ingested an...Scientists explain how morphogens work
...rphogens move across cells by traveling across the surface of cells. Alternatively, the transcytosis model proposes that cells transfer morphogen molecules through endocytosis, which is the incorporation of substances into a cell by pinching off of the plasma membrane. The Lin study is based on the fruit...Researchers redrawing the Tree of Life
...g plants, which are the most dominant plant on the surface of the Earth and economically the most important, were classified by flower and leaf as monocots, such as orchids, and dicots, such as tomatoes, oranges, and cotton, Hilu said. Now, based on information from the genes, flowering plants are classified...Biomedical engineers at case develop first sliver-sized sensor to monitor glucose levels
...ss the skin, there is no deterioration of the skin surface or other areas inside the skin and no danger of track infection. The device also is advantageous because no electrical currents are going through the body. Gratzl says lab testing and in vivo testing of the sensor in laboratory animals has been goin...