JCI table of contents, November 15 2004
...and/or mucous membranes that occur when the immune system produces antibodies that mistakenly perceive cells of the skin or mucous membranes as foreign, and attacks them. Desmogleins, a family of proteins that function to attach one cell to its neighbor, when attacked by autoantobodies, become separated fro......on. Enomoto first devised an elegant experimental system to make it possible to generate mice specifically ...c neurons and certain parts of the central nervous system during development and following injury, showed that Cis-only mice develop and regenerate structures...Abundance of myostatin in infected swine may result in reduced muscle mass
...nes, hormone-like molecules that enable the immune system to influence other parts of the body. One part af...because they are the messengers used by the immune system to alter other systems that are relevant to growth," Johnson said. At the suggestion of co-...Endurance running may be key to evolution of human body form
...along the back of the leg and foot. This extensive system of springs in the leg and foot effectively store and release significant elastic energy during running, but they're not needed for walking. "There were 2.5 million to 3 million years of bipedal walking [by australopithecines] without ever lo...A puzzle posed by black-headed ducks yields to persistent biologists
... brood parasitism have, in effect, inoculated this system against further coevolutionary adaptations on the part of the parasitic duck," Eadie said. Interestingly, Lyon and Eadie's findings in South America are very similar to the results of an experiment conducted 30 years ago by ecologist Milton Weller wi...Researchers discover defense mechanisms in some plants believed bred out by humans
...can't flee. They originally had a built-in defense system to protect them from bugs and injuries, but some p...pests. "If we can understand how the plant defense system works, we can optimize it in such a way that plants can defend themselves without using pesticides,"...Scientists develop 'electronic eye' for the blind
An effective navigation system would improve the mobility of millions of blind pe...Institute of Technology in Japan, have developed a system that is able to detect the existence of a pedestrian crossing in front of a blind person using a sin...University of South Florida designated Center of Excellence by Huntington's Disease Society
... also be applicable to these other central nervous system disorders."...Diamonds are a urologist's best friend
...he lower urinary tract. For the German health care system this means additional costs of 500 million Euros annually. 'Up to now there has not been any effective way of preventing bacteria from entering the urinary tract via the catheter and thereby triggering urinary tract infection,' the Bonn researcher Dr...Antipsychotic drugs stop fatal viral infection in brain cells
...ain cells from a virus that causes a fatal nervous system disorder, according to research conducted at Brown University and Case Western Reserve University. The disorder, called progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy or PML, affects hundreds of Americans with suppressed immune systems, including kidney ...Random gene activation helps ulcer bug escape immune system
... of the bacteria's ability to adapt to host immune system responses," Berg says. Berg and his Swedish collea...they contain variations of this special regulatory system in BabA and BabB, or whether they control the strength and specificity of H. pylori adherence in oth...Invasive sea squirt alive and well on Georges Bank
...cts using the USGS seabed observation and sampling system (SEABOSS) documented the distribution of the tunicate colonies in water depths of 42 to 65 meters (138 to 213 feet). The cruise was conducted aboard the NOAA Ship Delaware II. Scientists will analyze data they collected on the cruise to determine if...'Blind' cells see the light; maybe someday humans will, too
...l novelty to showing that it works in a biological system is a real breakthrough." Kramer, Trauner and their colleagues will report their results on Nov. 21 in a paper published online in the journal Nature Neuroscience. The idea of genetically engineering surviving retinal cells to be sensitive to light ha...UCI researchers use human embryonic stem cells to aid spinal cord injury repair
...d colleagues have identified how the body's immune system attacks and destroys myelin tissue during spinal c...that, when treated with antibodies to block immune system response, myelin is capable of regenerating, which ultimately restores sensory and motor activity. T......brain cell research has led directly to a patented system that is now being rolled out to stem gun violence ...ther. Now, a camera-and-microphone surveillance system is using his insights to recognize -- instantly, and with high accuracy - the sound of a gunshot, an...Genetic discovery paves way to decode sense of smell in mammals
...ve discovered new proteins that help the olfactory system in mammals organize properly. Thus the proteins ar...beginning," Matsunami said. "We have established a system that should allow the rapid identification of chemicals that stimulate olfactory neurons to provide ...Studies in Royal Society journals include stress in birds and depletion of medieval fish stocks
...r I Gilhespy Rat whiskers form a powerful sensory system that works where eyes do not, for instance in dark...ents; the benefits to robotics of reproducing this system are clear. Previously, it has not been understood how the whisker and follicle transform stimuli int...Isotron licenses ORNL cancer treatment technology
...ource with a remote automated storage and delivery system that uses the latest imaging, surgical and patient treatment planning techniques. The licensing agreement, signed earlier this month, is the culmination of a three-year cooperative research and development agreement funded entirely by Isotron. ...Scientists first to grow common cause of food poisoning in the lab
...the innate immune system, the branch of the immune system that attacks invaders soon after they enter the bo...ers found the virus thrived in macrophages, immune system cells that normally engulf and destroy pathogens, and in dendritic cells, sentry-like cells that pic...Psychological stress and disease: UCSF-led study suggests connection
...erase, and levels of oxidative stress -- in immune system cells known as peripheral blood mononucleocytes, i...impact of prolonged psychological stress on immune system cells, which mount the body's healing response to wounds, and defenses against illness. When the imm...