Researchers uncover new genes that control longevity
...ifferent gene. One of the group's most challenging tasks involved segregating 564 yeast strains into three categories: short-lived, not long-lived, and long-lived. Such work involved careful examination of tens of thousands of individual yeast cells under the microscope, separating "daughter cells" from "m...Stress interferes with problem-solving; Beta-blocker may help
...ants to combine movie viewing with problem-solving tasks to assess the effects of stress on cognitive flexi...s were measured by performance on word association tasks and a test of how well the participants unscrambled anagrams. Measures of blood pressure, heart rate...Brainstem blocks pain to protect key behaviors
...ed analgesia," allowing them to complete essential tasks even in a difficult situation. "Escaping pain and potential dangers may be important protective behaviors, but eating, drinking, and eliminating wastes are absolutely essential," said study author Peggy Mason, Ph.D., professor in the department of ne...Twin molecular scissors link creation of microRNAs with gene-silencing
...is a molecule used to store and release energy for tasks throughout the body. "The work of RISC is being accomplished with no energy requirement whatsoever," Shiekhattar says. "All of the activity the separation of the strands, the multiple cutting steps, everything is being done in the absence of any en......ind of response in mice lets us model higher-level tasks such as pattern recognition and learning in a brai...nstruct a very concrete understanding of how these tasks are accomplished in the human brain." According to Holy, scientists have not previously recognized ...Carnegie Mellon study finds that facial expressions reveal how the body reacts to stress
...roblems from an intelligence test, were told these tasks were indicative of general intelligence and that t... to other participants' scores. To ensure that the tasks were creating stress, researchers assessed the participants' emotional states and measured their str...Teens with deletion syndrome confirm gene's role in psychosis
...r from psychotic disorders and performed cognitive tasks as well or better than subjects with val. Yet, when they were re-tested in late adolescence/early adulthood, seven (29.2 percent) subjects with the syndrome had developed schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders, compared to only one from the devel......together to perform a function. To account for the tasks carried out in the larger areas, scientists assumed that the function of these columns varied smoothly across the cortex surface. Later research demonstrated that each of the six layers in the cortex is also wired into distinct circuits. But Callaway...Genetic cause of speech defect discovered
...ssive language, alongside very poor performance in tasks involving spatial construction, such as drawing. In striking contrast, this patient could form virtually no complete words but showed normal spatial ability. "For example, if asked to tell us what animal has long ears and eats carrots, he could only ...Scientists learn to predict protein-stabilizing ability of small molecules
...roteins function as molecular machines, performing tasks essential for cellular survival; extremes of heat and cold and changes in the chemical environment around the cell can cause the proteins to lose their proper shape and prevent them from functioning properly. Osmolytes, however, are able to force pro...RNA all set to become a superstar
...e research community. It is now obvious that their tasks within the organism are more varied than was originally thought. A more precise understanding of the role of RNA in the cell could even provide a novel approach to new therapies. And with his work, Thomas Tuschl has significantly influenced this fiel...Coming to grips with robot learning
...heir abilities to 'learn' how to solve even simple tasks are still very restricted." According to Knoll im... that communicate and work intelligently on mutual tasks in dynamic unstructured environments expanding the concept of group to human plus artificial agents....Prenatal exposure to marine toxin causes lasting damage
... male and female rats in their ability to complete tasks of spatial memory, the researchers found. Previous research has shown that males normally outperform females on spatial discrimination learning in particular maze tests. Exposed rats of both sexes also showed greater susceptibility to a chemical tha...Getting down to basicsnew technology will make it possible
...mputational capabilities have made such monumental tasks possible. The central idea, Weare continues, is that "real life is large" and thesemultiscale projects illustrate "what we can do now that we couldn't do before." In addition to simulating complex behaviors with "many many particles," Weare's team de...Gambling monkeys give insight into neural machinery of risk
...ce. Neuroimaging studies in humans performing such tasks can identify brain regions involved in making decisions based on risk, he said. "And then, using these animals, we can do electrophysiological studies that allow us to understand how the fundamental processing units of the brain -- single nerve cells...Nerve cells' power plants caught in a traffic jam
...des providing energy, mitochondria carry out other tasks important for cell survival. One important mitochondrial task is taking up excess calcium. Calcium is the main ingredient for proper neuron function. Too much calcium can lead to cell death. Zinsmaier hypothesizes that there could be a specialized co...JCI table of contents July 1, 2005
...re mental retardation, precluding use of demanding tasks and comparison to matched normal controls. In a study appearing online on June 9 in advance of the print publication of the July 1 print issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg and colleagues from the NIMH addressed t......needed morebrightness contrast to perform the same tasks astheir non-dyslexic peers. This was true whetherthe patterns required fast or slow processing. "The findings, and particularly the (slowprocessing) ones, are consistent with thehypothesis that rather than having an M- or rapid-processing deficit, dy...European funding for research on biomolecular nanomachines
...anorobots, which can perform work and other useful tasks in the nano-domain. These tiny robots would have a large impact on many aspects of human life. In medicine, for example, nanorobots could be used for diagnostics on the level of single cells, for drug delivery to specific target cells, and for noninv...MSKCC researchers uncover structure of key protein complex in cells
... similar structures, though they perform different tasks in cells. Ubiquitin acts as a chemical tattoo that marks damaged or obsolete proteins for destruction by a protein complex in the cell called the proteasome. Cancer researchers became particularly interested in ubiquitin with the discovery that it ...