HHMI researchers Richard Axel and Linda Buck win 2004 Nobel Prize
...nes the researchers identified first were just the tip of the iceberg. It now appears that there are between 500 and 1,000 separate receptor proteins on rat and mouse--and probably human--olfactory neurons. "That's really a lot of genes," Axel said. "It's 1 percent of the genome! This means that, at leas...New Stanford center probes nanoscale material
...estigators understand the interactions between the tip and their samples and design tips optimized for specific applications. Calvin Quate (Applied Physics), co-developer of the AFM with IBM's Gerd Binnig and Christoph Gerber, will consult with students and faculty on issues related to the conception, de...Channel protein converts vibrations to electrical signal
...irs, on each cell's surface. Thin filaments called tip links connect the channels in adjacent hairs, so t...at when a vibration stirs the bundle of cilia, the tip links are tightened and pull on the channels. Within 5 to 10 microseconds of this motion, channels i...Award-winning INEEL probe to help safely monitor hazardous waste sites
...g a needle into an apple, Clark says. GEOPS' tough tip punctures the surface of the earth and slides easily through without disturbing the soil beneath or damaging its own parts. GEOPS' hull can take more than 50 g of acceleration and 30 tons of direct push -- the equivalent of surviving a high-speed car...Purdue chemists give an old laboratory 'bloodhound' a sharper nose
... likens to their bloodhound's new nose. The wand's tip must come within 5 millimeters of the sample to be effective, but the group has also found a way to build a mass spectrometer that weighs about 18 kilograms (40 pounds), which means it can be carried to the sample, rather than forcing investigators t...Biomedical engineers at case develop first sliver-sized sensor to monitor glucose levels
...lors in the tiny sensor, which is smaller than the tip of a pencil, gradually change from orange (low glucose levels) to green and then to dark blue as levels increase. A deep, darker blue signifies the highest glucose level that can occur in diabetics. Gratzl and co-principal investigator Koji Tohda, a ...Research to explore revolutionary gene sequencing: Threading the molecular needle
...ials at molecular resolution with the ultra-small tip of a sensitive probe, in combination with naturall...A molecule at the other by chemical bonds. The AFM tip bonds to the "bead" and by its movement rapidly pulls first the "wire" and then the DNA molecule thr...Study in Royal Society journal on possible genetic factors in social responsiblity
...rst diffracted wave generated from the other crack tip arrives, and then oscillate near the static value. A simple explicit expression of the dynamic overshoot for stress intensity factors is derived as a function of the location for applied loadings, the crack length and material constants. Conta...NC State gets $1.59M grant to map genome of parasitic worm
...dener. "Root-knot nematodes invade behind the root tip and migrate to the area of the plant where water and nutrients are transported. A female root-knot nematode will then become sedentary and produce as many as 1,000 eggs in 30 days, which will hatch and re-infect the roots. So you can have multiple ge...Hummingbirds lose power at high altitudes
...y in the Americas, but occupy many niches from the tip of southern Chile to Alaska. "To correlate wing characteristics with power margin at different elevations, you have to account for the phylogeny the family tree that shows you how species are related to one another," said coauthor Jimmy A. ...Balancing 'hysteria and suspicion': Doctors face new responsibilities in 'bioterrorism era'
...appropriate action. This means doctors will be the tip of the sword -- not the military, not the police, not the firefighters." Clements presents his argument in an article published in the Dec. 18 issue of the medical journal, The Lancet. Clements, and his co-author R. Gregory Evans, Ph.D., MPH, ...Jeans too tight? 50 percent of adults can blame their genes and not just diet and exercise
... 30; you become more sedentary. At some point they tip into being overweight. Those who are overweight tip into becoming obese. It's slow, incremental change. At the same time, we didn't see much evidence th...'Moss in space' project shows how some plants grow without gravity
...ely primitive plant in which certain cells, called tip cells, are guided by gravity in their growth. This...-most cell of a chain. When grown in the dark, the tip cells grow away from gravity's pull this gets the cells out of the soil and into the light. The way ...Open microfluidic and nanofluidic systems
... quickly and can then be scanned directly with the tip of an atomic force microsope. However, the same morphology diagram should also apply to other liquids and other substrate materials. It should also remain valid if one further shrinks the surface channels and, in this way, moves deeper into the nanor...New science sheds light on rebuilding fisheries
...rly a third. "These examples are probably just the tip of the iceberg," says Heino. "We've detected fisheries-induced evolution in almost every species we've studied." Researchers are also documenting the links between size and other traits that are key to long-term survival. In experiments with Atlant...Neuronal 'traffic jam' marks early Alzheimer's disease
...n others, enough to cross a critical threshold and tip the scale toward disease." Goldstein emphasized that any application of these findings to potential diagnostic tests or new therapies remains speculative at this time. "However, if tracers could be developed that would reflect transport function, the...New dinosaur raptor found; First in Southern Hemisphere
...om fossils found in Patagonia -- the very southern tip of South America. It is the first raptor ever found in the Southern Hemisphere, but compared to other raptors, Neuquenraptor argentinus wasnt much of a standout. It was only of average height and weight for its kind, measured six feet from head to ta...Genetic testing could bolster radiotherapy's effectiveness against cancer
...fashion. "These three proteins are most likely the tip of the iceberg," Li said. "This discovery is all about interaction, which goes beyond any one protein or gene expression. People used to think NF-kappa B was just a gene regulator. Now we realize it could be part of a signaling network that decides t...PNAS highlights for the week of April 4 - 8
Ancient Maya Set Up Remote Salt Factories This tip is also available in Spanish Ancient Maya entrepreneurs set up extensive workshops beyond royal control on the Caribbean coast, where they produced salt for river transport to inland cities, archaeological findings suggest. From 600-900 A.D., th......ing cell polarity, such as directing growth to the tip of a cell so that a "daughter" cell can "bud" off ...tant for FD because neurons direct new growth to a tip of the cell. "Without directional growth, neurons can't reach their intended targets, and if they ca...