When the villain becomes your friend: The strange tale of muscle lactate
... to contract until exhaustion, they found that the tissues had accumulated high amounts of lactic acid. Since then, the idea that lactic acid accumulation causes muscle fatigue has persisted. But did early scientists fail to address the various issues adequately and interpret the results appropriately" Did t...'Virtual Patient' to simulate real-time organ motions for radiation therapy
...ulates in 3-D how radiation affects the organs and tissues in the human body. "Live patients are not static...thms that will make the virtual lungs and adjacent tissues move in real time according to realistic tissue biomechanical properties, De said. Xu expects that...Gene expression patterns predict rapid decline in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients
...overexpressed genes involved in the development of tissues and organs (morphogenesis), oxidative stress, cell migration and proliferation and genes from fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. According to Naftali Kaminski, M.D., director of the Simmons Center and director of the Lung Translational Genomics ...Research center unites biomedical competitors to fund medical technology development
...ls and algorithms to measure in vivo properties of tissues and organs; laboratory and computational models of tissues and device interactions that mimic in vivo conditions; instrumentation design for image-guided inter...Adult stem cells from human cord umbilical cord blood successfully engineered to make insulin
... of the functions needed to help replace cells and tissues injured by many diseases, the paper notes. Among the insights into cell and tissue engineering gained from work with embryonic stem cells, it adds, are those "relevant to the engineering of functional equivalents of pancreatic, islet-like, glucose-re...Flaws in colonoscopies may increase risk of colon cancer
...complete exams were largely due to adhesions (scar tissues that attach to the surfaces of organs, n=512), impassable stenosis (narrowing of the gut, n=506), long and curved colon (n=284), and additional complications (n=50). While male and sedated patients were more likely to have a complete colonoscopy, ol...Stem cells may look malignant, not act it
...ncers as the women. When they viewed the cancerous tissues under the microscope, they found marrow cells shared outward features of the cancer cells. Cogle said research conducted elsewhere suggests marrow cells flock to a cancerous site to help set up a blood vessel-friendly environment that feeds the tum...Sheep offer model for undernourishment in pregnant teen girls
...ant; as a result, their reserves of fat and other tissues were gradually depleted during the course of gestation. The researchers point to evidence that competition for nutrients between a mother and her fetus "will impair nutrient supply in girls who are still growing during pregnancy. Thus formulating c...A close-up on pancreatic disease: How do we improve the odds?
...g that some cancer cells remain at the edge of the tissues removed) and positive lymph nodes (in which cells have spread beyond the immediate tissue to nearby nodes or glands), which indicate poorer survival rates. The study investigated EUS and CT accuracy in predicting margins and node status as well as t...Caspase-14 protects our skin against UVB and dehydration
...le, apoptosis ensures that undesirable or outmoded tissues disappear. In the mid-1990s, Peter Vandenabeele and his colleagues were able to isolate 9 caspase family members in mice. The properties and substrates of a number of caspases are already known. However, caspase-14 is a maverick in that it is found v...Repair of DNA by Brca2 gene prevents medulloblastoma
...ore mouse models lacking specific genes in certain tissues become available, well be able to further determine the relationships among various DNA repair pathways during the development of the nervous system."...Latent memory of cells comes to life
...ic information adopt very different fates, forming tissues that have apparently very little in common with each other, such as skin, brain, or bones. Mechanisms at the origin of this so-called cellular differentiation are those for which researchers at the University of Copenhagen have a possible clarificati...Clock gene plays role in weight gain, study finds
...regulated by the circadian clock in the organs and tissues of mammals, are resistant to weight gain when put on a high fat diet and also are resistant to the accumulation of fat in the liver. This new understanding of weight gain could potentially lead to therapies for inhibiting obesity and for treating its...Genome of yellow fever/dengue fever mosquito sequenced
...f messenger RNAs collected from different mosquito tissues at distinct developmental stages. Matching a messenger RNA to a predicted gene will validate authenticity of this gene." The TE team, lead by the Tu laboratory, uncovered and described more than 1,000 transposable elements, which occupy approximat...'Nondanger' signal lowers immune reactions
...nse. "Normally, dendritic cells patrol different tissues and organs and look for danger signals sent by tissues undergoing stress or responding to invading microorganisms," said Stefania Gallucci, M.D., leader of...The stem cells that weren't there
...uce its own insulin. One solution is to transplant tissues called the islets of langerhans, small masses within the pancreas containing the beta cells that normally secrete insulin. Islet transplants have already been performed experimentally, but typically fail after a few years in a patient's body. Moreo......ng cells to leave the primary tumor, crawl through tissues and enter blood vessels spreading the cancer throughout the body. Richard Klemke, Ph.D., professor of pathology at UCSD School of Medicine and the Moores Cancer Center, and his colleagues set out to better understand the complexity of signaling me...Novel system developed to turn data into real-time, interactive 3-D images
...computed tomography (CT) scan, images of the bodys tissues and organs have become the primary tools physicians use to diagnose disease and make recommendations for effective treatment. New, innovative data display technology developed at Kent State University will provide doctors with a dramatically impr...Study led by Scripps Research scientist reveals little-known cell networks vital to circadian rhythm
...ot only to stabilize oscillators in the peripheral tissues but also to provide a robust response to various g... The lack of networked interactions in peripheral tissues may actually be an adaptive feature in most circumstances. SCN cells in vivo must synchronize not on......process not only for skin, but for many epithelial tissues including breast, prostate, and urogenital tract. ...en you run out of stem cells, you run out of those tissues as we have seen with the mice lacking the p63 gene." Having established that p63 was only importan...