32 new grants made for innovative technology R&D
...determine if and where a collision will occur, and trigger mitigating actions, such as applying brakes, pretensioning seat belts, and firing side airbags, with a near-zero false alarm rate. SemiSouth Laboratories, Inc. (Starksville, Miss.) Silicon Carbide Smart Power ChipDevelop and integrate advanced...Columbia University scientist wins 2004 Nobel Prize
...if food has gone bad and can be powerful enough to trigger distinct memories years later. Axel and his colleagues also developed gene transfer techniques that permit the introduction of virtually any gene into any cell, allowing the analysis of gene function in vivo. These experiments in cell trans...UCR researchers identify key plant enzyme that defends against multiple infections
...erside have identified one of the key enzymes that trigger programmed cell death, an important process plants undergo in fighting off bacterial, fungal or viral infections. The development holds out hope of improving crop yields, which are dependent on plants being able to fend off multiple types of pathogen...Researchers provide road map for generating B cells from stem cells
...ard becoming a lymphoid progenitor, stage 2. They trigger the expression of certain receptors on the cell surface, such as Flk2 followed by IL-7R, which are necessary for receiving subsequent external signals. In the next step, the gene for a regulatory protein known as E2A cooperates with PU.1 to activate ...Acoustics meeting in San Diego
...ggest even modest levels of underwater sound could trigger bubble formation in a liquid of supersaturated nit...nd even parts of sentences that are more likely to trigger stuttering episodes, but the reasons for why this happens remain unclear. In efforts to pinpoint th...Technique for genetically modifying blood stem cells brings cure for blood diseases closer
... that the sudden introduction of beta-globin could trigger an immune response against this protein. ...ood report. The ability of this previous vector to trigger production of gamma-globin varied, depending on where in the chromosome it landed. ...Gladstone researchers resolve key Huntington's disease mystery in Nature cover story
...ering with the rest of the neuron in ways that can trigger cell death. These findings provide evidence that inclusion bodies in Huntington's disease, and possibly other neurodegenerative diseases, help neurons cope with toxic proteins and prevent neurodegeneration. The approach developed by the Finkbeiner gr...Study using robotic microscope shows how mutant Huntington's protein affects neurons
...ering with the rest of the neuron in ways that can trigger cell death. These findings provide evidence that inclusion bodies in HD, and possibly other neurodegenerative diseases, help neurons cope with toxic proteins and avoid neurodegeneration. Many researchers have been working to develop ways of i...Scientists explain how morphogens work
...ientists must first understand the mechanisms that trigger diseases. This understanding can lead to new insight into the possibility of developing new strategies to treat related diseases." There are several groups of morphogens, but in his new paper, Dr. Lin focuses on TGF beta family molecules that fun...Scientists identify new cause of obesity
...g pathway that determines whether or not MC4R will trigger the body's urge to eat. MC4R is known as a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), about 350 of which are present in the human genome. These receptor's sense signals such as light, chemicals or hormones, and mutations in the receptors are implicated in ma...Brain differences in adolescents, psychopaths, lend to their impulsive, risk-taking behavior
...a reward or novelty associated with the reward may trigger hyperactivity in still developing brain reward structures and circuits." Another study found differences in risk-taking behaviors in pubescent rats. Georgia Hodes, a graduate student at Rutgers University working with Tracey J. Shors, PhD, use...Academics work to help stressed-out cats
...r studies led us to believe that stress could be a trigger factor for FIC, and we wanted to identify differences in the cats' environments and temperaments which might be causing this condition." This latest, questionnaire-based study compared 31 cats with FIC to 24 cats in the same households that did not h...Trojan-horse therapy blocks buildup of Alzheimer's plaque
...signaling pathways in Alzheimer's, and vaccines to trigger antibodies to rid the brain of plaque. Crabtree also speculated that his group's approach could be applied widely to other clinically important protein-protein interactions, such as interfering with protein enzymes critical to replication of HIV. "H...Diabetic damage to eyes, heart, nerves, kidneys may be explained by controversial theory
...thway was highly unlikely to create enough NADH to trigger the recycling processes that create free radicals. Williamson counters that glycolysis makes pyruvate as well as NADH, and pyruvate transforms NADH back to NAD. The sorbitol pathway doesn't make pyruvate, so the NADH it makes has to be recycled...Stress impairs thinking via mania-linked enzyme
...cans. Abnormalities in the cascade of events that trigger PKC have also been implicated in schizophrenia. Amy Arnsten, Ph.D. and Shari Birnbaum, Ph.D. of Yale University, and Husseini Manji, M.D., of NIMH, and colleagues, report on their discovery in the October 29, 2004 issue of Science. "Either direct or...Elevated inflammatory enzyme, Lp-PLA2, significantly linked to ischemic stroke
...associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) believed to trigger a cascade of inflammatory events in atherosclerosis can independently predict increased risk of stroke, even after accounting for both traditional and novel cardiovascular risk factors, according to a new analysis by investigators from the ongoing At...Award will help unlock mysteries of one of Earth's most important organisms
... work to explore the environmental conditions that trigger blooms of harmful algae in marine waters and how these blooms affect public health when contaminated seafood is eaten. "It is the foundation's goal not only to support the top scientists in marine microbiology like Dr. Armbrust, but to stimulate clo...By impounding iron, FHC foils cell suicide, fuels inflammation
...posed cells to TNF-, a biochemical signal that can trigger cell death, then collected DNA from cells that survived. Several rounds of this process produced a library of potential protective genes. Next, they used microarrays to detect the genes that were boosted most though this selective process. "This ...New tool highlights activity of key cellular signal
...tists have had a hard time figuring out how it can trigger the right cellular response to each one. "Scientists suspected that timing and location of cyclic AMP activity was important, but there was no easy way to study cyclic AMP inside cells in real time and in real space," says Jin Zhang, Ph.D., senior......d provide an explanation by which an environmental trigger like aging modifies genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. In an accompanying commentary, Alan R. Shuldiner and John C. McLenithan from the University of Maryland School of Medicine discuss these results and how aging, diet, exe...