Researchers discover molecule that causes secondary stroke
...by Dr. Clark has now identified the molecules that trigger vasospasm, a breakthrough, he says, that "raises hopes of developing not only new ways to treat the condition, but also a diagnostic test to determine which hemorrhagic stroke survivors are at greater risk." Several spinal fluid components were susp...Trio of leukemias share a single mutation
.... JAK2 normally functions as a molecular switch to trigger proliferation of red blood cells in response to events such as blood loss, said Gilliland. Also, mice in which the gene has been knocked out exhibit defective red blood cell production. Thus, he said, abnormal activation of the gene for JAK2 would be...Sea skate experiment sheds light on human cell transport
...ldstein and Musch also believe the mechanisms that trigger this cellular "release valve" are universal. "We think that vesicle insertion, coupled with phosphorylation, is a broad mechanism for getting substances in and out of cells," Goldstein said. "The idea that we can apply this knowledge to other cells a...Urine helps infectious yeast stick
... none triggered the switch," says Cormack. "So the trigger was actually something that was 'limiting' in the urine, that is, it was present in only tiny amounts -- the vitamin niacin." Niacin, also known as nicotinic acid, is used by cells to make an important molecule called NAD+ for short. NAD+ binds to si...JCI table of contents April 1, 2005
...ygen administered for extended periods of time can trigger lung injury. The mechanism underlying this lung injury has not been characterized. In a study appearing in the April 1 issue of The Journal of Clinical Investigation, Jack Elias and colleagues from Yale University demonstrate that a protein called ...Chronic inflammation caused by too little stomach acid leads to gastric cancer
...r. But the fact that lower-than-normal acidity can trigger pre-cancerous changes in the stomach lining is not well-known. "Our study shows that inflammation, regardless of the cause, is the key to the development of gastric cancer," says Juanita L. Merchant, M.D., Ph.D., a U-M professor of internal medicin...SSRI antidepressants involve dopamine as well as serotonin signaling
...as a chemical messenger that enables one neuron to trigger a nerve impulse in a neighbor. SSRIs prevent this uptake by inhibiting the action of the molecular cargo carriers called transporters that recycle serotonin back to the neuronal storage sacs called vesicles. Now, however, Fu-Ming Zhou (presently at t...Viruses may one day help treat brain tumors
...art from normal cells and gave the researchers the trigger they needed. The researchers tested the modified virus first in laboratory-grown malignant glioma cells. They found that the ICP34.5 viruses could again replicate at high levels. Then the researchers tested the virus in mice with implanted human gli...Remote control flies?: Fly behavior controlled by laser light
... to and activate the lock, and laser light was the trigger that brought the key to the lock. For the lock, the researchers used an ion channel, or a pore-forming protein that allows charged particles to pass through a cell membrane. The small molecule ATP activates the ion channel chosen by the researchers, ...Structure-building cell signals also may influence learning, memory
...inish anti-proliferation signals and, as a result, trigger tumor progression," said Yamaguchi. "But this is a novel finding in biology, and we can only just begin to speculate on the broader implications of Ephrin and EphB's activity." Yamaguchi is a professor of developmental neurobiology at the Burnham Ins...Carnegie Mellon and U. of Pittsburgh create tool to understand neuron rhythms, learning
... nerve activity lead to learning, while others can trigger disabling disorders like epilepsy. Specifically, the study investigators developed a method to calculate the phase-resetting curve (PRC) of living neurons. Like a translation key, a PRC dictates how a given neuron will change its routine firing patt...'Motherwell's babies' study may yield up clues for adult diseases
...is. If the mother eats an unbalanced diet this can trigger her body to produce increased amounts of stress hormones, which can then have long term effects on the stress responses of her unborn baby. These stress responses could be an important part of the link between development in the womb and health in la...Talking robots, green buildings, and shockwave healing
... after they enroll in college? How can ultrasound trigger healing in bone fractures that are otherwise very stubborn to mend? Could airplane noise lower a student's test scores? These and other questions will be addressed at the joint meeting of the Acoustical Society of America (ASA) and the Canadian Acou...Designing vaccines by computer
...that have been shown by experiments to effectively trigger a response by the immune system. They look for com...el of what is needed for one of these fragments to trigger an immune response. They can then employ computers to search for similar sequences in the thousands ...Georgia Tech research reveals how biomaterial properties control cellular responses
...dition to anchoring cells, these adhesion proteins trigger signals that control many cell functions, including growth and protein production. An important feature of these adhesion proteins is that they only recognize a small number of target proteins. "That's how the cell makes sense of a very complicated...Tips from the journals of the American Society for Microbiology
... these bacteria often prove harmless they can also trigger tooth decay resulting in an infection in the gums, or periodontitis. If left untreated this condition can cause bone deterioration and loss of teeth. However, current treatment options often involve painful procedures such as scaling and surgery. ...Study finds enzyme activity promotes rare form of leukemia, offers potential target for new drugs
...t Chapel Hill have identified an enzyme that helps trigger the development of leukemia, a cancer of blood cells. The enzyme hDOT1L activates a set of genes that plays a key role in the rare and largely incurable acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This disease affects less than 2 percent of the estimated 16,000 i...Brain-mapping technique aids understanding of sleep, wakefulness
...nsolidating wakefulness." Dr. Yanagisawa said the trigger that causes the sleep "seesaw" to tip from one side to the other and maintain a proper balance between time spent awake and time spent asleep is still a big mystery in brain science. By shedding light on the network of neural connections involved in ...Yale researchers identify molecule for detecting parasitic infection in humans
..., an understanding of the parasite components that trigger a host immune response may facilitate the development of better vaccines."...Washington University chosen as NIH Program of Excellence in Nanotechnology
...Santa Barbara, are working on a function that will trigger a breakdown of the nanoparticles after they deliver their payload a drug or antiviral agent, for instance. Wooley and her collaborators have been able to make this nanosystem work in vivo, targeting cancer cells. One prime goal is to use it...