Single gene is genetic switch for fly sexual behavior
...o produce a particular behavior. Switch genes that trigger the development of a particular anatomical feature... gene." Still, studies show that a single gene can trigger the development of complex anatomical structures like eyes or limbs, by influencing sometimes hundre...Virus uses tiny RNA to evade the immune system
... a cell, it produces T antigen, which functions to trigger viral DNA replication. Unfortunately for the virus, T antigen also serves as a target for immune (T) cells, which can destroy infected cells and prevent the virus from spreading. Conveniently, the microRNA that targets T antigen is made late in the i...Chemical that triggers hibernation may protect muscles
...al that induces hibernation (hibernation induction trigger or HIT) would have the same protective effect as IP in skeletal muscles and the mechanism by which this effect might occur. The study involved removing muscle tissue from 77 pigs, and subjecting it to hypoxia (a reduction of oxygen supply) for 90 min...Temple virologist receives $6.1 million NIH grant for neuro-AIDS research
...Temple's Faculty Research Award, said that HIV can trigger the JC virus, which causes the fatal demyelinating disease Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML), which occurs in some AIDS patients. The JC virus infects greater than 70 percent of the human population worldwide during early childhood. ...Cell's power plants also sense low oxygen
...species (ROS) -- such as hydrogen peroxide -- that trigger the activity of HIF. However, other researchers had performed experiments that argued against a mitochondrial role in oxygen sensing. They showed that enzymes called prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs), which normally inhibit HIF activity, depend on oxygen. T...JCI table of contents July 1, 2005
...enting cells is a novel observation that, and this trigger might account for the hyperactivity of T cells and break in self-tolerance seen in lupus. This new information has important implications towards our understanding of autoimmune disease, and how to manage it clinically. Title: Genetic dissection of ...Engineered skin offers clues to melanoma development
...terfering with either the Rb or p53 pathways could trigger melanoma. They found that in combination with Ras and hTERT, the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4),which promotes cell growth and inhibits Rb function, induced invasive melanoma in human tissue. Similarly, inhibition of p53, when combine...Mass production of human papillomavirus could lead to gains against cervical cancer
... to new antiviral drugs and to vaccines that would trigger the immune system to attack at an earlier stage in... in clinical trials consist of capsid proteins and trigger an immune response to those proteins," he said. "However, in its earliest stage, papillomavirus does...New genetic test may detect risk of rare complication from anesthesia
...blem before the drugs are given, but the drugs may trigger abnormal metabolic responses, such as a rapid rise in body temperature, muscle rigidity and other complications that may constitute a medical emergency. Approximately one in 10,000 persons have a susceptibility to MH; most will not know this unless ...Marshfield Clinic researchers launch study of environmental causes of Alzheimer's disease
...nfections, metals, industrial or other toxins) may trigger oxidation, inflammation and the disease process, particularly in people with genetic susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease. It is known that a "heart healthy" diet and exercise also lower risk of Alzheimer's disease, probably by lowering cholesterol....Researchers track down cause of a disfiguring bone disorder
...alif. Scientists have tracked down the biological trigger that gives rise to Van Buchem disease, a hereditary, disfiguring bone disorder that can cause blindness and deafness. The findings provide insight into long-range gene regulation and could lead to new treatments for osteoporosis and other crippling b...Tips from the Journals of the American Society for Microbiology
...es are safe and somewhat effective, but they don't trigger sustained immune responses resulting in the need for yearly vaccinations. There is no vaccine currently available for human parainfluenza virus. In the study researchers used reverse genetics to create an influenza A virus containing influenza and ...Scripps research scientists solve structure of a critical innate immune system protein
...nvaders through a family of TLR proteins, and then trigger the immune system's multi-stage biochemical attack on the pathogens. Humans have at least 10 different TLRs, each of which recognizes a specific subset of antigens. For instance, TLR4 recognizes lipopolysaccharide, a chemical component of the cell w...Scripps scientists identify target of an immune suppression molecule called CD22itself
...n check is on the inside of the cell membrane, the trigger that shuts CD22 off appears to be on the outside of the membrane. There, on the outside of the cell, the CD22 molecule has a domain that recognizes a particular type of sugar called sialic acid. Once CD22 binds to its target sialic acid, it is pulled...Cancer related gene p53 not regulated as indicated by previous tissue culture research
...om the organism. Since the p53 protein is able to trigger such drastic action as cellular suicide, the cells of the body must ensure that the p53 protein is only activated when damage is sensed and that the protein is quickly degraded when it is not needed. Until now, many scientists thought that specific m...DNA constraints control structure of attached macromolecules
...sible or irreversible, depending on which chemical trigger is used. Like a switch, a particular molecular shape could be turned on and off. "Another key aspect of DNA constraints is their programmability," Silverman said. "By placing two or more constraints on one molecule, we could generate multiple molecul...150K to find out why you're a slime ball
...ut which genes prompt cells to cooperate and which trigger conflict we will gain a greater understanding of social behaviour."...Identifying blood stem cells is a SLAM dunk
...om these cells that regulate their maintenance and trigger their maturation. Morrison said that future studies will aim to determine the function of the SLAM family of receptors. The researchers will also explore whether other members of the SLAM family can also be used to identify stem cells. And, they will...New study finds how cells with damaged DNA alert the immune system
...o severe for the cell to repair on its own, it can trigger cell death, a process known as apoptosis. "All of ...Raulet. "It may also be that the Rae1 ligand helps trigger T cell responses that contribute to long term specific immunity. It's certainly an area of research ......ls. Changes in the cell skeleton induced by Rac1b trigger the formation of extremely reactive molecules known as reactive oxygen species, or ROS. In turn, the increased amount of ROS activates key genes that control the epithelial-mesenchymal transition -- the first slippage in an avalanche of tissue disorg...