American Chemical Society's Weekly PressPac -- Aug. 1, 2007
...alized treatments selected according to tumor cell type and patients predicted responses to different kinds of anti-cancer drugs. Their paper describes key features of state-of-the-art proteomic profiling, in which blood tests are used to analyze single proteins and multiple fingerprint protein patterns t...Story tips from the US Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory, August 2007
...ld-programmable gate arrays, which are a different type of logic chip than traditional microprocessors, are traditionally used for other purposes -- such as signal processing -- the team of ORNL and SRC Computers researchers has bridged the gap to exploit their incredible capabilities for improved perform...Gene variant is associated with brain anatomy, clinical course of ADHD
...st frequently cited is a polymorphism or different type of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) known as the 7-repeat form. Previous studies have suggested that carriers of the risk allele [alternate form of a gene] may also have a unique neuropsychological, clinical and pharmacological profile, although ...Computer graphics spills from milk to medicine
...lize what a medium would look like if one particle type were missing. Having knowledge about the visual effect caused by each type of particle is incredibly valuable in many different contexts, explained Jeppe Revall Frisvad, a Ph....Research team enlightens the reasons for severe blindness
...s set their hopes high on gene therapy: since each type of LCA is caused by the mutation of a single gene, the affected persons could be helped by exchanging this gene. Such a LCA gene therapy has been already successfully implemented for dogs who naturally suffer from LCA: the treated dogs regained their...Not all embryonic stem cell lines are created equal
...le of self-renewal and of differentiating into any type of tissue in the body. Researchers believe they ho...e completely different properties in terms of what type of synapses they develop and at what time course this happens during culture, said Sdhof. Furthermor...New mechanism links smoking to lung damage
...sium ions, each of which passes through a specific type of channel. Hemichannels, however, with ports nearly twice the size of an ion channel, are not as specific, permitting more rapid, less regulated flow of molecules up to the size of 1000 Daltons--wide enough to allow exchange of many signaling and...See what you're spewing as you speed along
...and start-up. This is the first instance of this type of near-IR diode laser sensor being used directly in the exhaust of a static internal combustion engine to measure emissions, said Dr Philip Martin, one of the papers authors. The team say the components for the device are readily available and the...Human knowledge is based upon directed connectivity between brain areas
... Fraunhofer Institute Berlin. He has made this new type of coupling analysis freely available for the scientific community in his open-source software-project BioSig (http://biosig.sf.net). Together with the new method of directional coupling analysis these results may open a new perspective on brain ...Discovery of new protein could provide new understanding of male fertility
...otein needs to be degraded. Until now, only one type of E1 enzyme for ubiquitin has been known to exist in the human genome, while 34 E2 enzymes and 531 E3 enzymes have been discovered. Because of the large number of E2 or E3 enzymes that have been found, researchers are more likely to find another E2 ...Scientists prove that disputed Korean stem cell line comes from an unfertilized egg and not cloning
...ehensive genetic analysis can help distinguish the type of human embryo that stem cells come from. The research, to be published online August 2nd by the journal Cell Stem Cell, published by Cell Press, also provides an intriguing new insight into the largest scandal in the history of human stem cell rese...Discredited Korean embryonic stem cells' true origins revealed
...both chromosomes of the pair being of one parental type or the other (a pattern called homozygosity, which has reduced genetic diversity). Kim and Daley showed previously that because chromosomes often exchange genetic material early in the process of cell division that creates the egg (meiosis), the dupl...New grants bolster efforts to generate faster and cheaper tools for DNA sequencing
...sufficiently flexible and sensitive to enable this type of sequencing. Xinsheng Sean Ling, Ph.D., Brown University, Providence, R.I. $820,000 (3 years) Hybridization-Assisted Nanopore DNA Sequencing Investigating further the potential of nanopore technology, these researchers intend to use solid-st...Penn researchers discover pathway that eliminates genetic defects in red blood cells
...genetic disorders and possibly be reversed. This type of surveillance pathway that is regulated at the tissue level could also exist in other highly specialized cells, says first author Jian Kong, PhD, Senior Research Investigator. Investigating the mechanism of this pathway may help in understanding a ...Identifying the mechanism behind a genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes
...g the mechanism behind a genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes is reaching epidemic...if and how certain genes predispose individuals to type 2 diabetes is likely to lead to the development of new treatment strategies for individuals with the...Developing a more effective vaccine for tuberculosis
...uberculosis, it is not effective at preventing the type of tuberculosis that most adolescents and adults suffer from. Therefore, there is an intensive research effort designed to develop new, more efficient vaccines that protect all individuals from tuberculosis. In a study that appears in the August is...JCI table of contents: August 1, 2007
...uberculosis, it is not effective at preventing the type of tuberculosis that most adolescents and adults s...g the mechanism behind a genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes is reaching epidemic proportions in the developed world. Determining i...U-M researchers find family of 'on switches' that cause prostate cancer
...ecular subtypes. This tells us theres not just one type of prostate cancer. Its a more complex disease and potentially needs to be treated differently in each patient, says lead study author Arul Chinnaiyan, M.D., Ph.D., director of the Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, a new U-M center whose g...First case of successful ovarian tissue transplantation between two, nonidentical sisters
...ndra Alvaro, who had an identically matched tissue type (human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type), which meant ...or oocyte donation. Analysis of the sisters HLA type showed that their genetically different cells coexisted successfully together (chimaerism) and that,...