MIT device draws cells close -- but not too close -- together
...t flow between separated cells, biologists need to vary the spacing of cells to study their interactions. Also, since some signals induce a cell to change its internal programming, it is important for biologists to be able to rearrange cells over time to learn which signals spur change and which don't. ...Test finds manufactured nanoparticles don't harm soil ecology
...f different materials to find out if their effects vary from those found so far, he said. Nanoparticles range in size from 1 billionth to 100 billionths of a meter and can be many different shapes. "Clearly, each manufactured nanomaterial is different so we do need to develop a better knowledge of each ...New mathematical model to add rigor to studies of disease genetics and evolution
...ers shows that hotspots, like genes themselves, do vary across the population. Arnheim, one of Calabrese's collaborators, runs one of a handful of laboratories in the world that uses the painstaking but powerful method of sperm typing to study genetic recombination. He and others have shown that some ho...Bacterium could treat PCBs without the need for dredging
...e mixtures of 70-90 different molecular forms that vary in the number and positions of chlorine atoms, making them difficult to degrade. To date, the most commonly used method to remove PCBs from the environment is to dredge and then deposit the sediments in a landfill. In order to detoxify PCBs the s...Largest physics meeting of the year, in Denver
...ction (Frank Wilhelm, N2.1), and a "dial" that can vary how strongly the superconducting quantum bits (qubits) interact (Travis Hime, N2.2). At session D2, researchers will discuss quantum computing designs based on trapped ions, presently the most technically advanced approach. NIST-Boulder's David Wine...Protein identified that regulates effectiveness of Taxol chemotherapy in breast cancer
... In cancer, the expression level of caveolin-1 can vary depending on cell type. However, the precise role of caveolin-1 in cancer has been controversial: whether it acts as a suppressor or facilitator of tumor formation depends on the cell type. In human breast cancer, caveolin-1 has been known to act as ...Super-thin membrane, 50 atoms thick, sorts individual molecules
...d tunnels. The sizes of holes in the polymer model vary greatly, and since its "holes" are really convoluted tunnels through the material, they require much more time for proteins to pass through, and they are prone to clogging. Recently, researchers had tried to design an ideal filter by drilling holes...Googling brain proteins with 3-D goggles
... where proteins appear in the brain and where they vary in abundance, PNNLs Smith said. We labeled all the proteins so we would have reference points so we know were looking at the same protein between different parts of the brain and from one mouse to another. Until now, proteomics, which enlists a spe...Flu shot might also offer some protection against H5N1
...ver, the amount of "N" in an influenza vaccine can vary widely depending on the company that produces it. The other protein is hemagglutinin, or "H." The variations of "H" and "N" found on viruses are numbered; and in the case of the avian influenza virus, considered by experts to be a major threat to ...Study profiles rate of autism in Wisconsin
...menting on the CDC report, Durkin says: "The rates vary somewhat across states, but are all considerably higher than previously thought." The Wisconsin team found that autism was three to four times more common in boys than in girls, which agrees with previously published scientific reports. In ethnici...Scientists to assess effects of multiple copies of genes on disease risk
...be in this paper are numerous and fairly largethey vary in length between two thousand and two million DNA base pairs," Graubert says. "Datasets this large require a lot of analysis to be sure that what you're seeing is real, so we really worked hard to prove that these gene copy number variations are rea...Bumblebee house warming -- it takes a village
...s switch tasks, said O'Donnell. Bumblebee workers vary considerably in size, and body size affects which tasks individuals perform. "We expected that larger workers would be incubators, but we found to our surprise the opposite was true," O'Donnell said. "We don't know whether the smaller bees are real...UCLA and NYU microbiologists crack genome of a parasite that causes a common STD
...ns in both men and women," Johnson said. "Symptoms vary greatly among infected individuals, and the reason for this wide range of variable pathogenic outcomes is poorly understood. Among the many new insights brought by deciphering the genome sequence of this organism are ones that provide new clues for i...How are phenotypic differences between sexes related to phenotypic variation within sexes?
... species, such as peacocks' tail feathers tend to vary a great deal among individual males, and that much of this within-sex variation depends on individual condition. Indeed, theory predicts that sexual dimorphism will evolve based on condition dependence so that, among traits, a more pronounced differe...Plants point the way to coping with climate change
...ate. In Scandinavia, where winter temperatures can vary widely, the model plant, Arabidopsis has a slow vernalization response to prevent plants from being 'fooled' into flowering by a short mid-winter thaw. One particular gene, named FLC, delays flowering over the winter and the research team discovered ...'Marathon mice' elucidate little-known muscle type
...ivities. To fulfill these varied roles, muscles vary in their proportion of "slow-twitch" muscle fibers (types I and IIA), ideal for slow and constant roles, and "fast-twitch" fibers (type IIB), better suited to rapid and sudden activity of shorter duration. The fiber types are defined by which "myosin...Profiling of cancer genes may lead to better and earlier detection
...t is known that gene expression patterns in tumors vary greatly from tissue to tissue, the researchers hope that the similarities of the methylation patterns found in this study might lead to a better approach to detect cancer early and help identify new promising therapeutic targets to treat some of the ...Feinstein Institute and Cold Spring Harbor Lab join forces, seek manic depression genes
... "For complex illnesses like bipolar disorder that vary dramatically in symptoms and severity among affected individuals, especially children and adolescents, identifying genetic underpinnings is very difficult," said Anil Malhotra, MD, lead investigator for The Feinstein. "It is also critical to accelera...