Scientists uncover rules for gene amplification
...an genome. The distribution of such sequences can vary from one individual to another. Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have discovered that a particular type of DNA break, a hairpin-capped double strand break, induced by these palindromic sequences, is a precursor to amplification. ...Creating a window on 'oceans in motion'
...animals large and small with low-cost devices that vary in size from an almond to a AA battery and to follow them via an extensive international array of acoustic receivers on the sea floor. Tags harmlessly collect and report information as an animal travels along, and can record water temperatures, salin...Showing off your weapons in the animal kingdom
...ody or head size because males of similar size can vary substantially in how hard they can bite. The display thus provides unique and honest information about weapon quality, as well as a mechanism for making the decision to fight or to back down. Adult male collared lizards (the species examined in this ...Designer gradients speed surface science experiments
...nthesizing a wide variety of complex surfaces that vary in a controlled fashion across a test strip. The new technique is so flexible that it can be applied to surface science experiments ranging from developing better paints to exploring the bonding of proteins to cell membranes. So-called "gradient comp...Same species responds differently to same warming, depending on location
... the actual effect on mussel body temperatures can vary because of local climate. For example, in Washington, air temperature appears to be more important in driving mussel temperature while in southern California, water temperature is the more important factor. "This is an important consideration for con...Historic Colorado River streamflows reconstructed back to 1490
...erage annual flows on the Upper Colorado regularly vary from one decade to the next by more than 1 million acre-feet. According to Eric Kuhn, general manager of the Colorado River Water Conservation District and an expert on Colorado River issues, "Water managers have always made critical water decisions ...Salk research suggests the existence of specialized neurons that distinguish swagger from sway
...alk Institute. "The gaits of males and females may vary geographically or culturally and this mechanism allows us to adapt very quickly to local ways of walking," he adds. How humans move reflects, in part, gender-specific differences in shape such hip-to-waist ratio and the like. Such inherent differenc...Coffee, black, decaf and a little llama on the side
...caffeine, and a similar-sized cup of black tea can vary from 60 to 100 milligrams, depending on brewing time. Cola drinks, both diet and regular, typically contain between 30 to 50 milligrams of caffeine in each 12-ounce can, while high-caffeine sodas can have as much as 80 milligrams per can. In comparis...'Smart' genetic therapy helps the body to heal itself
...uenced by the number of SMN2 genes, which normally vary between one and four the more copies there are the better the patient does. Professor Wirth's team identified a drug valproate, used successfully in epilepsy treatment for decades that is able to increase SMN protein levels 2-4 fold in cell lines ...NIH holds state-of-the-science conference on multivitamin/mineral supplements, May 15 - 17, 2006
...ations regarding supplement use from expert groups vary widely, as does the strength of the evidence supporting such guidelines. In observational studies, MVM use has been associated with better health outcomes but there are few data available from randomized trials to provide more definitive evidence. As...Tiny polyps gorge themselves to survive coral bleaching
...d about 26 degrees C. While the exact temperatures vary with individual species from location to location throughout the tropics, they all must live within that tight range. When the temperature climbs above that range, even by only two degrees, the result is a bleaching event. Within a two-year window d...Male rivalry increases when females at most fertile, say researchers
...t women's preferences for male physical appearance vary according to their fertility status. During ovulation women tend to find masculine looking men more attractive and prefer their voices and odour. During this fertile phase women are more likely to have an affair with a masculine-looking man, as the...Diverse tropical forests defy metabolic ecology models
...ages of animals and plants in tropical forests all vary widely from one forest to another. Prospecting in a gold mine of data Twenty-five years ago a pair of dueling tropical forest ecologists (Robin Foster, now at the Chicago Field Museum and Steve Hubbell at the University of Georgia and the Smithsoni...Mapping dynamic Polycomb group proteins during Drosophila development
...avalli, and colleagues, the PcG proteins PC and PH vary widely in their distributions from one development... in total than PC and PH. GAF binding sites do not vary over time. The next steps in better understanding the molecular construction of a fly will be to ex...Why nerve cells work faster than the theory allows
...e speed with which the action potential originates vary from cell to cell for any individual cell however, these parameters are specified for the most part by the characteristics of its sodium channels. An interdisciplinary team of physicists and neurophysiologists from the Max Planck Institute for Dyn...Interdisciplinary team develops guidelines for treating severely injured patients
...or operating room is less well established and may vary significantly. That is likely to change based on t...chose to cover aspects of care for which practices vary the most and those that have the greatest potential to influence patient outcomes. The scientific te...Fruitfly study shows how evolution wings it
... By having different CREs, the gene's function can vary in different tissues between species. In earlier studies, Carroll's team had shown that CREs regulating a gene called yellow played a central role in wing spot development. Their studies showed that when a CRE switches on the yellow gene, it produces...'Resonance' may explain virologic failure in STI drug therapy
...ptions combined with the viral dynamics, which can vary widely from person to person, can lead to treatment failure." Structured therapy interruptions have up to now been used only in clinical trials, not in clinical practice. STI programs have been designed on a variety of schedules. Advantages to these ......ther, they are a sign of a flexible trait that can vary to match local conditions. Like a buck's antlers ...his study, scientists now know that lion manes can vary tremendously due to local climate. Therefore, taxonomists may be obliged to reanalyze the lion famil...Pennsylvania researchers find liver transplants provide metabolic cure for rare genetic disease
...nd decisions about the best course of therapy will vary on an individual basis."...